The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
FGF21 Is a Sugar-Induced Hormone Associated with Sweet Intake and Preference in Humans
Open accessAbstract
The liking and selective ingestion of palatable foods-including sweets-is biologically controlled, and dysfunction of this regulation may promote unhealthy eating, obesity, and disease. The hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) reduces sweet consumption in rodents and primates, whereas knockout of Fgf21 increases sugar consumption in mice. To investigate the relevance of these findings in humans, we genotyped variants in the FGF21 locus in participants from the Danish Inter99 cohort (n = 6,514) and examined their relationship with a detailed range of food and ingestive behaviors. This revealed statistically significant associations between FGF21 rs838133 and increased consumption of candy, as well as nominal associations with increased alcohol intake and daily smoking. Moreover, in a separate clinical study, plasma FGF21 levels increased acutely after oral sucrose ingestion and were elevated in fasted sweet-disliking individuals. These data suggest the liver may secrete hormones that influence eating behavior.
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In the citing paper
“These single-nucleotide polymorphisms are also associated with increases in sweet-taste preference119 and greater waist-to-hip ratios120.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [119]
In the citing paper
“Although variants around the FGF21 locus are associated with changes in macronutrient intake, they are not associated with obesity or type 2 diabetes (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“As was observed with increased carbohydrate intake (20, 127), statistically significant associations were identified between the FGF21 rs838133 allele and increased candy consumption (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 also regulates sweet taste preference in primates and humans.”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“A third report also identified SNPs at the FGF21 locus associating with a preference for sweets (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“another nutritional intervention was shown to robustly increase FGF21: alcohol consumption. Ample evidence, in both rodents and humans, demonstrates that ethanol intake increases FGF21 production, largely by the liver”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
In the citing paper
“Additional studies have since supported this relationship between FGF21 and macronutrient intake, including associations with alcohol intake”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 sequence variants are linked with alterations in macronutrient preference and alcohol intake in humans”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
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Items 101–200 of 216
Fibroblast growth factor 21: update on genetics and molecular biology
Barros, D. R., & Hegele, R. A. (2024) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000960 · Cited by 18
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“As well, FGF21 regulates taste preference for sugar and alcohol (23–25), and individuals with a preference for sweet foods have shown to have higher baseline FGF21 levels (26).”
BackgroundPlasma Gelsolin Reinforces the Diagnostic Value of FGF-21 and GDF-15 for Mitochondrial Disorders
Peñas, A., la Torre, M. F.-D., Laine-Menéndez, S., Lora, D., Illescas, M., García-Bartolomé, A., Morales‐Conejo, M., Arenas, J., Martín, M. A., Morán, M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22126396 · Cited by 17
“FGF21 is a growth factor with regulatory roles in glucose and lipid metabolism that is produced mostly by the liver [8,9].”
BackgroundSobriety and Satiety: Is NAD+ the Answer?
Braidy, N., Villalva, M. D., & van Eeden, S. (2020) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox9050425 · Cited by 17
The crosstalk between fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) system and substance use
Wang, T., Tyler, R. E., Ilaka, O., Cooper, D., Farokhnia, M., & Leggio, L. (2024) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2024.110389 · Cited by 18
“37 The rs838133 SNP has been shown to result in increased expression of FGF21.”
BackgroundInfluentialEpperlein, S., Gebhardt, C., Rohde, K., Chakaroun, R., Patt, M., Schamarek, I., Kralisch, S., Heiker, J. T., Scholz, M. R., Stümvoll, M., et al. (2021) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines9040345 · Cited by 16
“analyses with the recently described SNP rs838133, whose A-allele has been shown to be associated with changes in food and drug craving and metabolic and anthropometric parameters [31,32,49,50].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialLarsson, S. C., & Gill, D. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051504 · Cited by 17
“Materials and Methods We used the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs838133 in the FGF21 gene region, previously shown to be associated with intake of macronutrients, alcohol and sweets [10,12], to”
MethodJanzi, S., González-Padilla, E., Najafi, K., Ramne, S., Ahlqvist, E., Borné, Y., & Sonestedt, E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113954 · Cited by 15
Role of peptide hormones in the adaptation to altered dietary protein intake
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Malo‐Vintimilla, L., Aguirre, C. A., Vergara, A., Fernández‐Verdejo, R., & Galgani, J. E. (2023) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114523001927 · Cited by 22
“Ingestion of sucrose or fructose (54,55) – but not glucose (55) – also increases circulating FGF21 by 2 – 3 fold.”
BackgroundGlucagon augments the secretion of FGF21 and GDF15 in MASLD by indirect mechanisms
Richter, M. M., Kemp, I. M., Heebøll, S., Winther‐Sørensen, M., Kjeldsen, S. A. S., Jensen, N. J., Nybing, J. D., Linden, F. H., Høgh‐Schmidt, E., Boesen, M., et al. (2024) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155915 · Cited by 15
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“This finding extends recent observations that consumption of carbohydrate, specifically sugar, increases FGF-21 levels [29–32] and affects preference for sweets [30, 32], and that changes in sweet preference occur with sugar restriction.”
BackgroundBrandão, L. E. M., Espes, D., Westholm, J. O., Martikainen, T., Westerlund, N., Lampola, L., Popa, A., Vogel, H., Schürmann, A., Dickson, S. L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13472 · Cited by 13
Fibroblast growth factor 21 and dietary macronutrient intake in female mice
Wu, C.-T., Larson, K. R., Goodson, M. L., & Ryan, K. K. (2022) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113995 · Cited by 13
Fibroblast growth factor 21 and fructose dynamics in humans
Migdal, A. L., Comte, S., Rodgers, M., Heineman, B. D., Maratos–Flier, E., Herman, M. A., & Dushay, J. R. (2018) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.295 · Cited by 12
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“…levels and hepatic mRNA expression of FGF21 are increased following carbohydrate stimulation [6, 53, 54] and, conversely, FGF21 may suppress sweet intake via actions in the brain [6, 7], supporting the existence of a potential feedback mechanism for FGF21 serving to reduce carbohydrate intake [8].”
BackgroundSaber-Ayad, M. M., Hammoudeh, S. M., Radwan, H. M., Manzoor, S., Jabbar, H. A., Wardeh, R., Ashraf, A., Habib, P. T., Alsamman, A. M., & Hamoudi, R. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.020 · Cited by 11
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“Such results are concordant with the similar GLP-1 and FGF21 concentrations, both of which have been implicated in reducing food reward and sweet intake (28,29).”
ResultDe Luca, A., Delaye, J.-B., Fauchier, G., Bourbao-Tournois, C., Champion, H., Bourdon, G., Dupont, J., Froment, P., Dufour, D., & Ducluzeau, P.-H. (2023) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-023-06702-3 · Cited by 11
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“Changes in the body’s nutritional status, such as those induced by high-carbohydrate diets [39, 40], fasting or starvation [41, 42], or low-protein diets [43, 44], can affect its concentration.”
BackgroundWu, C.-T., Magaña, D. G., Roshgadol, J., Tian, L., & Ryan, K. K. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2024.107673 · Cited by 11
Ramne, S., García‐Ureña, M., Gillum, M. P., Ängquist, L. H., Hansen, T., Merino, J., & Grarup, N. (2024) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102049 · Cited by 11
Self-citationParsing the Potential Neuroendocrine Actions of FGF21 in Primates
Gillum, M. P. (2018) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2018-00208 · Cited by 9
Self-citationPokhrel, S., Dilts, M., Stahl, Z., Boehme, S., Frame, G., Chiang, J. Y. L., & Ferrell, J. M. (2023) · Hepatology Communications · doi:10.1097/hc9.0000000000000138 · Cited by 10
“[27] In addition, elevated Fgf21 is associated with the reduction of preference for both alcohol[13] and sugar,[28] and polymorphisms of the Fgf21 coreceptor β-Klotho are associated with alcohol consumption in humans.”
BackgroundPsychology and Pathophysiological Outcomes of Eating
Takada, A., & Himmerich, H. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.92917 · Cited by 10
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“In humans, oral boluses of sucrose, glucose, and fructose elevate circulating FGF21 levels two-fold within two hours ( Lin et al., 2012 ; Dushay et al., 2015 ; Søberg et al., 2017 Samms et al., 2017 ).”
Self-citationLarsen, B. A., Litt, M. D., Huedo-Medina, T. B., & Duffy, V. B. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11020271 · Cited by 9
“There also may be a genetic susceptibility to the reward of sweets among smokers [89].”
BackgroundExploring the impact of artificial sweeteners on diabetes management and glycemic control
Begum, R. F., Nirenjen, S., Rushendran, R., Manisha, M., Pavithra, N., Sridevi, S., & Singh, S. A. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1587690 · Cited by 11
“Elevated plasma levels of FGF21 are associated with reduced sweet preference, suggesting its role in regulating sugar intake by influencing the brain’s reward system (42).”
Singh, S. P., Sharma, A., & Kumar, R. (2020) · Computer Communications · doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2020.09.005 · Cited by 8
Suzuki, T., Nakamura, Y., Doi, Y., Narita, A., SHIMIZU, A., Imaeda, N., Goto, C., Matsui, K., Kadota, A., Miura, K., et al. (2021) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114521000684 · Cited by 8
“Other genetic variants that candidate gene studies reported to be associated with sweet consumption were GNAT3 (which encodes the G protein α subunit that plays a prominent role in bitter and sweet taste transduction as well as in umami taste transduction)(7), GLUT2 (a glucose transporter gene)(8) and FGF21 (a fibrobl…”
BackgroundExploring genetic modifiers influencing adult eating behaviour: A scoping review
Brown, J. E., Morton, L. C., & Braakhuis, A. J. (2025) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2025.108193 · Cited by 7
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“…Lower percentage energy intake from carbohydrate [42] n = 6515 (all Europeans); a Danish cohort Higher weekly intake of sweet snacks and candies [19] n = 176,989 (all Europeans); UK Biobank Higher percentage energy intake from carbohydrate [43] n = 22,799 (unknown ancestry); a Swedish cohort…”
BackgroundKho, M., Smith, J. A., Verweij, N., Shang, L., Ryan, K. A., Zhao, W., Ware, E. B., Gansevoort, R. T., Irvin, M. R., Lee, J. E., et al. (2020) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/nxaa241 · Cited by 7
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“Furthermore, plasma FGF21 increased after sucrose consumption, and fasting FGF21 was ~50% higher in those that do not enjoy sweet foods than in those that do [16].”
BackgroundSelf-citationFGF21 response to sucrose is associated with BMI and dorsal striatal signaling in humans
Alves, J. M., Yunker, A. G., LUO, S. H., Jann, K., ANGELO, B. C., DEFENDIS, A. W., Pickering, T. A., Smith, A., Monterosso, J. R., & Page, K. A. (2022) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23432 · Cited by 7
“These data are in line with the concept that the body responds to chronic high- sugar diets in a compensatory fashion by markedly increasing FGF21 in response to an acute sugar load, and FGF21 in turn acts as negative endocrine regulator of sugar consumption (3,7,11).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialInteroceptive Information of Physical Vigor Through Circulating Insulin‐Like Growth Factor 1
Zegarra-Valdivia, J. A., Khan, M. Z., Fernandes, J., Esparza, J., Suda, K., de Sevilla, M. E. F., Díaz-Pacheco, S., & Torres‐Alemán, I. (2026) · FASEB BioAdvances · doi:10.1096/fba.2025-00226 · Cited by 8
“Discussion It has been shown that the liver produces hormones that regulate food intake by acting not only on the hypothalamus but also on reward circuitries (Soberg et al., 2017).”
Sousa‐Coelho, A. L. D., Rodríguez‐Rodríguez, R., Softic, S., Jonker, J. W., & Relat, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1253675 · Cited by 7
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“Interestingly, the minor allele rs838133 located at this locus is robustly associated with higher sugar and alcohol preference, triglyceride levels and body fat distribution in people [88–90], yet the mechanism remains unknown.”
Honfo, S. H., Senior, A. M., Legault, V., Presse, N., Turcot, V., Gaudreau, P., Simpson, S. J., Raubenheimer, D., & Cohen, A. A. (2023) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-023-01455-6 · Cited by 6
“Further, the isometric log-ratio function, which is an intuitive approach to stabilize imbalance weight distributions in mixture experiments, is also a possible approach to explore for mixture experiments analyses [56].”
Olivares, S., & Henkel, A. S. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2017.09.006 · Cited by 6
May-Wilson, S., Matoba, N., Wade, K. H., Hottenga, J., Concas, M. P., Mangino, M., Grzeszkowiak, E. J., Menni, C., Gasparini, P., Timpson, N. J., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.07.28.454120 · Cited by 6
Korkmaz, D., Konya, P. Ş., & Demirtürk, N. (2022) · Turkish Journal of Parasitology · doi:10.4274/tpd.galenos.2022.14633 · Cited by 5
Social stress alters sleep in FGF21-deficient mice
Hokari, S., Chikahisa, S., Shiuchi, T., Nakayama, Y., Konishi, M., Nishino, S., Itoh, N., & Séi, H. (2022) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.005 · Cited by 5
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Nielsen, M. S., Søberg, S., Schmidt, J. B., Chenchar, A., Sjödin, A. M., & Gillum, M. P. (2021) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.11174 · Cited by 5
“FGF21 is also implicated in food preferences, with increased circulating FGF21 leading to a suppressed intake of sweets (Talukdar et al., 2016; Søberg et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBasolo, A., Hollstein, T., Shah, M. H., Walter, M. F., Krakoff, J. A., Votruba, S. B., & Piaggi, P. (2021) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab204 · Cited by 6
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“Furthermore, higher fasting FGF21 levels have been associated with lower sweet-taste preference [26] and lower soda consumption [28].”
BackgroundA Genome-Wide Association Study of Taste Liking in the Danish Population
Haydar, S., Karlsson, C. C., Linneberg, A. R., Kårhus, L. L., Ängquist, L. H., Pedersen, O. B., Bredie, W. L. P., Hansen, T. F., & Grarup, N. (2025) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.06.001 · Cited by 4
Self-citationBrain amino acid sensing for organismal amino acid homeostasis
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“Clinical studies show that both acute glucose loading and chronic high-carbohydrate diets can significantly elevate circulating FGF21 concentrations [32–34].”
Negative feedback regulation of alcohol ingestion through the FGF21-PVH oxytocin-VTA dopamine system
Matsui, S., Takahashi, Y., Morioka, S., Ozawa, T., Kanayama, S., Iwama, H., Geng, L., Umemoto, K., Oguri, Y., Tsuzuki, S., et al. (2026) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2525172122 · Cited by 4
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Deletion of GFRAL blunts weight lowering effects of FGF21 in female mice
Buch-Rasmussen, A. S., Andersen, H., Stage, C., Hansen, A. M. K., Paulsen, S. J., Gillum, M. P., Andersen, B., Secher, A., Latta, M. R., Clemmensen, C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/joe-25-0017 · Cited by 4
Self-citationGenetics of mouse behavioral and peripheral neural responses to sucrose
Lin, C., Inoue, M., Li, X., Bosak, N. P., Ishiwatari, Y., Tordoff, M. G., Beauchamp, G. K., Bachmanov, A. A., & Reed, D. R. (2021) · Mammalian Genome · doi:10.1007/s00335-021-09858-4 · Cited by 3
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“FGF21 also activates the paraventricular nucleus of the nesfatin-1 neurons by crossing the blood–brain barrier to regulate food intake in laboratory animals [34,35].”
BackgroundSweet Taste Receptors’ Genetic Variability in Advanced Potential Targets of Obesity
Wagner, S., Fernández, L. P., Colmenarejo, G., Cruz-Gil, S., Espinosa‐Salinas, I., Molina, S., Crespo, M. C., Aguilar-Aguilar, E., Marcos-Pasero, H., de la Iglesia, R., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17101712 · Cited by 5
“…rs838133 SNP was associated with higher intake of carbohydrates and lower intake of proteins and fats, with no effects on total calorie intake [100]; meanwhile, Søberg et al. [43] showed that the preference for carbohydrates intake was specific to sugary products and increase alcohol consumption.”
Ouardi, M. E., García-Llorens, G., & Valls‐Bellés, V. (2025) · Beverages · doi:10.3390/beverages11050137 · Cited by 7
Frayling, T. M., Beaumont, R. N., Jones, S. E., Yaghootkar, H., Tuke, M. A., Ruth, K. S., Casanova, F., West, B., Locke, J. M., Sharp, S. A., et al. (2017) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/214700 · Cited by 3
“sugary products, and may also increase alcohol intake [13].”
BackgroundSelf-citationMerino, J., Dashti, H. S., Sarnowski, C., Lane, J. M., Udler, M. S., Todorov, P. V., Song, Y., Wang, H., Kim, J., Tucker, C., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/623728 · Cited by 3
“FGF21’s relevance for eating behavior has enabled the development of a drug found to reduce sugar intake and sweet taste preference when administered to monkeys and humans with obesity.(22,23) A common missense mutation in rs601338 results in a premature stop codon in the exon 2 of the fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) gene.”
BackgroundStevanović, D., Hebert, A. J., Desai, B. N., Singhal, G., Adams, A. C., Flier, J. S., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.27.921361 · Cited by 3
Zadeh, S. S. T., Toth, P. P., & Banach, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2026.1789019 · Cited by 2
“Further analysis in a separate cohort showed that this variant was associated with greater consumption of sweet foods like candy and elevated plasma FGF21 levels following oral sucrose intake, indicating that the liver might release hormones that affect eating behavior (Søberg et al., 2017).”
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 as a Regulator of Energy Metabolism in the Liver and Adipose Tissue
Matikainen, N., & Söderlund, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816093-0.00013-6 · Cited by 2
Zagkos, L., Drenos, F., Emmett, P. M., Blakemore, A. I. F., Nordström, T., Hurtig, T. M., Järvelin, M., & Dovey, T. M. (2023) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.107036 · Cited by 4
Barbaro, F., Conza, G. D., Quartulli, F. P., Quarantini, E., Quarantini, M., Zini, N., Fabbri, C., Mosca, S., Caravelli, S., Mosca, M., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2024.1374135 · Cited by 2
Kang, P., Zhang, Y., Zeng, D., Liu, D., Han, R., Lu, Y.-W., Cheng, D., Wang, Q., Liu, S., Wu, L., et al. (2025) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2024.0390 · Cited by 2
“An independent human genome‐wide association study found that the variations of FGF21 (rs838133 and rs838145) were related to the increase of relative carbohydrate and the decrease of protein and fat intake [9-11].”
FGF21 — the cause of having a 'sweet tooth'?
Greenhill, C. (2017) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2017.62 · Cited by 2
Whole Genome Interpretation for a Family of Five
Corpas, M., Mégy, K., Mistry, V., Metastasio, A., & Lehmann, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.535123 · Cited by 2
A Polymorphism in the FGF21 Gene is a Novel Risk Variant for Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis
Elsayed, A. (2020) · The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney) · Cited by 2
Cheung, M. M., Hubert, P. A., Reed, D. R., Pouget, E. R., Jiang, X., & Hwang, L. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3644422/v1 · Cited by 2
“A few studies used sugar intake and intensity perception as proxy measures for the sweet liking phenotype 7,20 .”
BackgroundHeimbürger, S. M. N., BENTZEN, M. J., Kizilkaya, H. S., Hartmann, B., Holst, J. J., ROSENKILDE, M. M., Dela, F., Hansen, S. H., Rehfeld, J. F., Christensen, M., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1093/ejendo/lvae147 · Cited by 1
Ramne, S., Seco, T. D. D. C., Kuentzel, K. B., Grevengoed, T. J., Hjerresen, J. P., Möritz, T., Hansen, T. F., Raben, A., & Grarup, N. (2025) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00265.2025 · Cited by 2
Self-citationMetformin increases glycolysis and the stress-induced cytokine GDF15 but not FGF21 in humans
Kolnes, K. J., Møller, P. M., Kruse, R., Christensen, M. H., Kjøbsted, R., Hey-Mogensen, M., Andersen, B., Handberg, A., & Højlund, K. (2026) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1797525 · Cited by 2
“However, other known stimulators of FGF21, such as glucose and FFA levels (68 – 70), did not show different responses to the 42 h fast between the two groups in our study, excluding changes in these substrates as the reason for the lack of changes in FGF21 in response to metformin.”
Wali, J. A., Ramos-Nieves, J. M., Binia, A., & van der Beek, E. M. (2026) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100713 · Cited by 1
“However, findings from GWAS indicate that the FGF21 variants (rs838133 and rs838145) associated with higher carbohydrate intake are also linked to lower fat intake [86,87,101].”
Hormone Harmony in Metabolic Disorders
Itrat, N. (2020) · Emerging contaminants and associated treatment technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-45923-9_24 · Cited by 1
Fried Foods, Gut Microbiota, and Glucose Metabolism
Qi, L. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dci21-0033 · Cited by 1
“Among the secondary outcomes, the group with fried meat intervention showed less reduction in biomarkers of intestinal endotoxin and systemic inflammation and less increase in FGF21, a hepatokine regulating satiety and sugar intake (13).”
BackgroundMetabolic Responses to Energy-Depleted Conditions
SUZUKI, T., Komatsu, T., Shibata, H., & Inagaki, T. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.100391 · Cited by 2
Symposium overview: fructose in physiology
Gonzalez, J. T. (2019) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp278267 · Cited by 1
“In humans, ingestion of sugars and ethanol can also stimulate FGF21 secretion, and genetic variants in the FGF locus have been associated with reported intakes of sweet foods (Søberg et al. 2017).”
BackgroundWu, C.-T., Magaña, D. G., Roshgadol, J., Tian, L., & Ryan, K. K. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.06.21.600074 · Cited by 1
“FGF21, a hormone released from the liver, is robustly induced by chronic LPHC diets [35,83–86] and appears to influence macronutrient selection in animals and humans [87–89].”
Bayoumi, A. (2020) · The Sydney eScholarship Repository (The University of Sydney)
Yunker, A. G., Alves, J. M., LUO, S. H., ANGELO, B. C., DEFENDIS, A. W., Pickering, T. A., Jann, K., Monterosso, J. R., & Page, K. A. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.29.446318
“These data are in line with the concept that the liver responds to chronic high sugar diets in a compensatory fashion by markedly increasing FGF21 in response to an acute sugar load, and FGF21 in turn acts as negative endocrine regulator of sugar consumption (11, 15, 18, 23).”
BackgroundResultInfluential[Methods of molecular epidemiology of infections caused by group B streptococci].
Dmitriev, A. V., & Shakleina, E. (2003) · PubMed
Un aspecto de la sociedad ceutí en el siglo XIV: los espacios domésticos
Ruiz, J. M. H., & Paredes, F. V. (2000) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)
Simon, M. (2021) · Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel · doi:10.1055/a-1687-3383
Vogel, H. (2021) · Diabetologie und Stoffwechsel · doi:10.1055/a-1664-5191
Teleman, A. A., & Figlia, G. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.738090259.793578803
Guebre‐Egziabher, F. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44858-5_28
FGF21 Counteracts Alcohol Intoxication by Activating Noradrenergic NeuronsPreprint
Choi, M., Schneeberger, M., Fan, W., Bugde, A., Gautron, L., Vale, K., Zhang, Y., Friedman, J. M., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.08.09.502667
“Human genome-wide association studies have linked SNPs in and around both the FGF21 and KLB genes to increased alcohol consumption (Frayling et al., 2018; Schumann et al., 2016; Søberg et al., 2017), further underscoring the important relationship between FGF21 and ethanol.”
BackgroundWu, C.-T., Larson, K. R., Sims, L. C., & Ryan, K. K. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.07.07.547884
“Specifically, endogenous secretion of FGF21 from the liver is elevated when animals consume simple sugars [19,21,22], or when they otherwise eat a diet that is low in dietary protein relative to total energy (low P: E) [11–15 ,23 ].”
BackgroundReilly, J. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.242770
Li, X. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15793-6.00000-7
Metadata
- Authors
- Søberg, S., Sandholt, C. H., Jespersen, N. Z., Toft, U., Madsen, A. L., von Holstein-Rathlou, S., Grevengoed, T. J., Christensen, K. B., Bredie, W. L. P., Potthoff, M. J., Solomon, T. P. J., Scheele, C., Linneberg, A., Jørgensen, T., Pedersen, O., Hansen, T., Gillum, M. P., & Grarup, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Capital Region of Denmark (DK)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gillum, Matthew P.
- Grarup, Niels
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1053.e6
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2611671707
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13
- FWCI
- 9.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- TrygFonden
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF15CC0018486)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
- Strategiske Forskningsråd (09 – 067009, 09 – 075724)
- Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond (4092-00240B)
- Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (DNRF55)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Keywords
- FGF21, hepatokines, sugar consumption, sweet taste preference, food liking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, genetic variants, dietary habits, obesity, liver hormone
- MeSH terms
- Sugars, Adult, Appetite, Appetite Regulation, Candy, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Food Preferences, Genotype, Humans, Male, Obesity, Polymorphism, Genetic, Taste, Cohort Studies, Young Adult
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