The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
FGF21 Is a Sugar-Induced Hormone Associated with Sweet Intake and Preference in Humans
Open accessAbstract
The liking and selective ingestion of palatable foods-including sweets-is biologically controlled, and dysfunction of this regulation may promote unhealthy eating, obesity, and disease. The hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) reduces sweet consumption in rodents and primates, whereas knockout of Fgf21 increases sugar consumption in mice. To investigate the relevance of these findings in humans, we genotyped variants in the FGF21 locus in participants from the Danish Inter99 cohort (n = 6,514) and examined their relationship with a detailed range of food and ingestive behaviors. This revealed statistically significant associations between FGF21 rs838133 and increased consumption of candy, as well as nominal associations with increased alcohol intake and daily smoking. Moreover, in a separate clinical study, plasma FGF21 levels increased acutely after oral sucrose ingestion and were elevated in fasted sweet-disliking individuals. These data suggest the liver may secrete hormones that influence eating behavior.
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In the citing paper
“These single-nucleotide polymorphisms are also associated with increases in sweet-taste preference119 and greater waist-to-hip ratios120.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [119]
In the citing paper
“Although variants around the FGF21 locus are associated with changes in macronutrient intake, they are not associated with obesity or type 2 diabetes (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“As was observed with increased carbohydrate intake (20, 127), statistically significant associations were identified between the FGF21 rs838133 allele and increased candy consumption (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 also regulates sweet taste preference in primates and humans.”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“A third report also identified SNPs at the FGF21 locus associating with a preference for sweets (120).”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [120]
In the citing paper
“another nutritional intervention was shown to robustly increase FGF21: alcohol consumption. Ample evidence, in both rodents and humans, demonstrates that ethanol intake increases FGF21 production, largely by the liver”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
In the citing paper
“Additional studies have since supported this relationship between FGF21 and macronutrient intake, including associations with alcohol intake”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
In the citing paper
“FGF21 sequence variants are linked with alterations in macronutrient preference and alcohol intake in humans”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [166]
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“Finally, independent genomewide association studies (GWASs) have correlated variants at the FGF21 locus (rs838133 and rs838145) with increased relative carbohydrate but decreased protein and fat intake (Chu et al., 2013; Tanaka et al., 2013).”
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“, the rs838133 variant of hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 [61]) could be integrated into a polygenic score that could be used as part of a Mendelian randomization study.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Søberg, S., Sandholt, C. H., Jespersen, N. Z., Toft, U., Madsen, A. L., von Holstein-Rathlou, S., Grevengoed, T. J., Christensen, K. B., Bredie, W. L. P., Potthoff, M. J., Solomon, T. P. J., Scheele, C., Linneberg, A., Jørgensen, T., Pedersen, O., Hansen, T., Gillum, M. P., & Grarup, N.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Capital Region of Denmark (DK)
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gillum, Matthew P.
- Grarup, Niels
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Metabolism
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1045-1053.e6
- ISSN
- 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2611671707
- Cited by
- 216
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13
- FWCI
- 9.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- TrygFonden
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF15CC0018486)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research
- Strategiske Forskningsråd (09 – 067009, 09 – 075724)
- Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond (4092-00240B)
- Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (DNRF55)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Keywords
- FGF21, hepatokines, sugar consumption, sweet taste preference, food liking, sucrose intake, alcohol consumption, smoking, genetic variants, dietary habits, obesity, liver hormone
- MeSH terms
- Sugars, Adult, Appetite, Appetite Regulation, Candy, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Food Preferences, Genotype, Humans, Male, Obesity, Polymorphism, Genetic, Taste, Cohort Studies, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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