Cited by 602Metabolism, Diabetes, and CancerExercise and Physiological ResponsesCancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism

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Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise to Cancer Prevention and Treatment

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Hojman, Pernille, Gehl, Julie, Christensen, Jesper F., Pedersen, Bente K.·2018·Cell Metabolism

DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.015

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Abstract

The benefits of exercise training for cancer patients are becoming increasingly evident. Physical exercise has been shown to reduce cancer incidence and inhibit tumor growth. Here we provide the status of the current molecular understanding of the effect of exercise on cancer. We propose that exercise has a role in controlling cancer progression through a direct effect on tumor-intrinsic factors, interplay with whole-body exercise effects, alleviation of cancer-related adverse events, and improvement of anti-cancer treatment efficacy. These findings have wide-ranging societal implications, as this understanding may lead to changes in cancer treatment strategies.

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Additional file 2 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
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Additional file 1 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
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Additional file 4 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
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Additional file 3 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
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Additional file 5 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
Miao, S.-N., Chai, M.-Q., Liu, X.-Y., Wei, C.-Y., Zhang, C.-C., Sun, N.-N., Fei, Q.-Z., Peng, L.-L., & Qiu, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26706993
Additional file 2 of Effect of high-intensity interval training on aerobic capacity and fatigue among patients with prostate cancer: a meta-analysis
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Additional file 6 of Exercise accelerates recruitment of CD8+ T cell to promotes anti-tumor immunity in lung cancer via epinephrine
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Additional file 1 of Association between physical activity and cancer risk among Chinese adults: a 10-year prospective study
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“These mechanistic insights provide a biologically plausible framework for linking exercise-induced improvements in VO ₂ peak and muscle strength with broader clinical outcomes, including treatment tolerance and survival [8, 15].”
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“Exercise perturbs whole-body homeostasis and elicits adaptive responses across the cell, tissue, and organ systems 8 .”
Exercise and Sedentary Behavior Do Not Alter Lung or Liver Metastases in a Murine Colon Cancer Model
Bos, M. D., Ho, C. S. L., Meyer, N. H., Bockhorn, M., Kruyt, F. A. E., Klaase, J. M., Hoogwater, F. J. H., & Nijkamp, M. W. (2026) · Journal of Surgical Research · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2026.02.023
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“Exercise, de ﬁ ned as a structured, repetitive, and goal-oriented form of physical activity, has been shown to improve physical function and quality of life while reducing fatigue in cancer patients (Bu ﬀ art et al., 2017; Hojman et al., 2018; Rendeiro et al., 2021; Sweegers et al., 2018).”
Rôle des pairs dans les trajectoires individuelles d’appropriation psychologique de la maladie : illustration dans le cancer du sein
Folco, B. (2021) · doi:10.70675/f324a9e2z9a02z4c94z9dabz0665a40c10e1
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Plasma Estrone Concentration Is Associated with Physical Activity Levels in Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Survivors
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Huang, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1806464
“Signi ﬁ cantly, the weakening of lower-limb and pelvic ﬂ oor musculature disrupts the muscle pump mechanism, which is crucial for both venous and lymphatic return, thereby facilitating the onset and exacerbation of LLL (18, 19).”
The effect of moderate physical activity on NK cells populations and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in young, healthy women
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Wang, X. L., Xiong, D., Wang, Q., Huang, Y., Ding, G., Tang, Y., & Cui, S. (2026) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2026.1710464
“These bene ﬁ ts are attributed to multiple mechanisms, including enhanced cardiopulmonary ﬁ tness, modulation of systemic in ﬂ ammation and immune surveillance, preservation of skeletal muscle mass, and improved treatment tolerance (6, 7).”
Exercise reduces hepatic pre-metastatic niche formation via TREM-1 signaling in kupffer cells
Yang, R., Haykal, T., Tohme, C., He, Z., Zhang, H., Gebran, A., Liu, S., Simmons, R. L., Geller, D. A., Yazdani, H. O., et al. (2026) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-026-04885-x
“[50] On the cellular level, the protective effects of exercise against cancer fall into two main categories: modulation of the immune system and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and invasion.”
Haematological and Oncological Training Therapy With Stationary Strength and Cardio Machines ( HOT ) in Routine Cancer Care: A 3‐Year Real‐World Evaluation of Acceptance, Feasibility, Safety, and Effects
Felser, S., Engel, M., Große-Thie, C., Kragl, B., Henze, L., Albrecht, I., Lampe, H., Fischer, S., Langenkamp, U., & Junghanß, C. (2026) · Cancer Medicine · doi:10.1002/cam4.72013
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“74 The benefits of exercise have been demonstrated in numerous solid tumors, including breast, colon, prostate, lung, and melanoma.”
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From muscle contraction to tumour control
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Authors: Hojman, P., Gehl, J., Christensen, J. F., & Pedersen, B. K.
Affiliations: Herlev Hospital (DK)
University of Copenhagen (DK)
ORCID: Gehl, Julie
Christensen, Jesper F.
Pedersen, Bente K.
Venue: Cell Metabolism
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2018-01
Volume: 27
Issue: 1
Pages: 10-21
ISSN: 1550-4131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.09.015
OpenAlex: W2765400080
Cited by: 600
References: 112
Citations by year: 2026: 63 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 90 · 2021: 77 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 25
FWCI: 3.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 374 d)
Locations: Cell Metabolism (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (DNRF55)
Strategiske ForskningsrÃ¥d (09-067009, 09-075724)
TrygFonden
KrÃ¦ftens BekÃ¦mpelse
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
Keywords: physical activity, cancer prevention, cancer therapy, tumor growth inhibition, tumor progression, tumor-intrinsic factors, exercise-induced metabolic changes, molecular mechanisms
MeSH terms: Humans, Immunity, Models, Biological, Neoplasms, Exercise, Carcinogenesis

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Molecular Mechanisms Linking Exercise to Cancer Prevention and Treatment

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