Validity and Reliability of Different Smartphones Applications to Measure HRV during Short and Ultra-Short Measurements in Elite Athletes
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Heart rate variability (HRV) has been proposed as a useful marker that can show the performance adaptation and optimize the training process in elite athletes. The development of wearable technology permits the measurement of this marker through smartphone applications. The purpose of this study is to assess the validity and reliability of short and ultra-short HRV measurements in elite cyclists using different smartphone applications. METHOD: Twenty-six professional cyclists were measured at rest in supine and in seated positions through the simultaneous use of an electrocardiogram and two different smartphone applications that implement different technologies to measure HRV: Elite HRV (with a chest strap) and Welltory (photoplethysmography). Level of significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Compared to an electrocardiogram, Elite HRV and Welltory showed no differences neither in supine nor in seated positions (p > 0.05) and they showed very strong to almost perfect correlation levels (r = 0.77 to 0.94). Furthermore, no differences were found between short (5 min) and ultra-short (1 min) length measurements. Intraclass correlation coefficient showed good to excellent reliability and the standard error of measurement remained lower than 6%. CONCLUSION: Both smartphone applications can be implemented to monitor HRV using short- and ultra-short length measurements in elite endurance athletes.
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A more recent study found no differences in the results of the Polar H10 compared to ECG when Kubios HRV software was used to obtain HRV data during resting condition in supine and seated positions.
“There were no differences observed in the results of the Polar H10 in comparison to the ECG when Kubios HRV software was used to obtain HRV data.”
From Validity of the Polar H10 Sensor for Heart Rate Variability Analysis during Resting State and Incremental Exercise in Recreational Men and Women (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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A Wearable Pressure Sensor for Human Pulse Signal Monitoring and HRV Parameter Assessment
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- Authors
- Moya-Ramon, M., Mateo-March, M., Peña-González, I., Zabala, M., & Javaloyes, A.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Universitat de Miguel Hernández d'Elx (ES)
- Venue
- Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-04
- Volume
- 217
- Pages
- 106696
- ISSN
- 0169-2607 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4210903088
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 8
- FWCI
- 16.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- España Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2019-107721RB-I00)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- heart rate variability, mobile application, wearable devices, photoplethysmography, chest strap, elite cyclists, endurance athletes, measurement validity, measurement reliability, training monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Electrocardiography, Heart Rate, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Athletes
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