Thrombosis-on-a-chip: prospective impact of microphysiological models of vascular thrombosis
Open accessAbstract
The most common pathology of the blood-vessel organ system is thrombosis or undesirable clotting of the blood. Thrombosis is life threatening as more than 25% of such cases lead to sudden death from stroke and myocardial infarction. Even though the process of thrombosis has been extensively investigated with animal models, its exact pathobiology in different blood vessels is not yet fully understood and drug assessment remains unpredictable. This is primarily because the cause for thrombus formation is multifactorial and depends on the interplay of flow patterns within the blood vessel, the vessel wall or endothelium, extracellular matrix, parenchymal tissue, and the cellular and plasma components of the blood. Current in vitro and animal models do not mimic or dissect this organ-level complexity faithfully. However, microfluidic technology has recently been deployed to effectively recapitulate blood-endothelial-epithelial interactions in the onset of thrombosis in blood vessels. This technology is promising because it permits inclusion of primary human cells and blood obtained from patients, which is currently lacking in other in vitro models of thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art and practices in microfluidics and expected improvements in this field that will impact basic understanding of thrombosis, drug discovery and personalized medicine.
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These microfluidic devices have an endothelialized lumen that can reliably capture features of blood vessels such as atherosclerotic plaque deposition and bifurcations by altering channel geometry and flow patterns.
“These devices possess endothelialized lumen that can reliably capture several features of blood vessels such as atherosclerosis (i.e. fatty plaque deposition and formation) and bifurcations (i.e. branches and bends) by changing the channel geometries and flow patterns, ranging from laminar steady flow to pulsatile flow [287–290,295–304].”
From Cardiovascular disease models: A game changing paradigm in drug discovery and screening (2019) · cites this paper as [298]
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Secomski, W., Klimonda, Z., Majka, K., Olszewski, R., & Nowicki, A. (2018) · Joint Conference - Acoustics · doi:10.1109/acoustics.2018.8502412
Albers, H. J. (2020) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036549707
"Microfluidic vessels-on-chips for vascular disease modelling"
Middelkamp, H. H. T. (2023) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036557245
Lab-on-a-chip approaches for blood flow and thrombosis research: A comprehensive review
Barua, D. R., Paul, D., Das, D., Poddar, A., & Datta, S. (2026) · Mechanobiology · doi:10.1177/29780241261479995
- Authors
- Pandian, N. K. R., Mannino, R. G., Lam, W. A., & Jain, A.
- Affiliations
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jain, Abhishek
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-03
- Volume
- 5
- Pages
- 29-34
- ISSN
- 2468-4511 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8580137
- OpenAlex
- W2776777030
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Texas AM Engineering Experiment Station
- Texas AM University
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Blood properties and coagulation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Microfluidic and Capillary Electrophoresis Applications
- Keywords
- thrombosis, microphysiological systems, microfluidics, endothelial cells, primary human cells, drug discovery, personalized medicine, stroke, myocardial infarction, blood flow patterns, extracellular matrix
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