A novel ionic amphiphilic chitosan derivative as a stabilizer of nanoemulsions: Improvement of antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil
Abstract
Amphiphilic chitosans have been recently proposed to improve delivery of poorly soluble drugs. In the present paper a derivative obtained by ionic interaction between chitosan and oleic acid was for the first time studied to physically stabilize o/w nanoemulsions of an antimicrobial essential oil, Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass), in a low energy and mild conditions emulsification process. The novel combination of spontaneous emulsification process with chitosan oleate amphiphilic properties resulted in a stable dispersion of a few hundred nanometer droplets. Positive zeta potential confirmed the presence of a chitosan shell around the oil droplets, which is responsible for the nanoemulsion physical stabilization and for the maintenance of chitosan bioactive properties, such as mucoadhesion. Cytotoxicity test was performed on four different cell lines (HEp-2, Caco-2, WKD and McCoy cells) showing biocompatibility of the system. The maintenance and in some cases even a clear improvement in the essential oil antimicrobial activity towards nine bacterial and ten fungal strains, all of clinical relevance was verified for Lemongrass nanoemulsion.
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Nanoemulsions can be used to mask the bitter or unpleasant taste of drugs and to carry products of natural origin.
“NEs can be used also to mask the bitter or unpleasant taste of drugs [29] and to carry products of natural origin [30,31].”
From Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery (2019) · cites this paper as [30]
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Nanoemulsions for “Nose-to-Brain” Drug Delivery
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- Authors
- Bonferoni, M. C., Sandri, G., Rossi, S., Usai, D., Liakos, I., Garzoni, A., Fiamma, M., Zanetti, S., Athanassiou, A., Caramella, C., & Ferrari, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Pavia (IT)
- University of Sassari (IT)
- Italian Institute of Technology (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Bonferoni, Maria Cristina
- ORCID
- Venue
- Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-04
- Volume
- 152
- Pages
- 385-392
- ISSN
- 0927-7765 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2581999029
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 3.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Proteins in Food Systems
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Keywords
- nanoemulsions, lemongrass essential oil, Cymbopogon citratus, physical stabilization, spontaneous emulsification, zeta potential, mucoadhesion, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, ionic interactions, drug delivery
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Infective Agents, Bacteria, Emulsions, Fungi, Humans, Oils, Volatile, Caco-2 Cells, Cymbopogon, Chitosan, Nanoparticles
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