The DOI matches its Crossref record; 50 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Phenomenal characteristics associated with projecting oneself back into the past and forward into the future: Influence of valence and temporal distance
Open accessAbstract
As humans, we frequently engage in mental time travel, reliving past experiences and imagining possible future events. This study examined whether similar factors affect the subjective experience associated with remembering the past and imagining the future. Participants mentally "re-experienced" or "pre-experienced" positive and negative events that differed in their temporal distance from the present (close versus distant), and then rated the phenomenal characteristics (i.e., sensorial, contextual, and emotional details) associated with their representations. For both past and future, representations of positive events were associated with a greater feeling of re-experiencing (or pre-experiencing) than representations of negative events. In addition, representations of temporally close events (both past and future) contained more sensorial and contextual details, and generated a stronger feeling of re-experiencing (or pre-experiencing) than representations of temporally distant events. It is suggested that the way we both remember our past and imagine our future is constrained by our current goals.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The text we found for this paper looks like another document, so the self-check wasn’t run.
Citations
Cites
The Handbook of Social Psychology
Gravatt, A. E., Lindzey, G. E., & Aronson, F. (1969) · The Family Coordinator · doi:10.2307/582242 · Cited by 12,518
Illusion and well‐being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
Taylor, S. E., & Brown, J. D. (1988) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.103.2.193 · Cited by 7,814
Unrealistic optimism about future life events
Weinstein, N. D. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.39.5.806 · Cited by 4,999
Episodic memory: from mind to brain
Tulving, E. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135114 · Cited by 4,950
Cognitive Therapy of Depression
HOLLON, S. D., & BECK, A. T. (1979) · Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-404480-7.50012-5 · Cited by 4,685
Tulving, E. (1985) · Canadian Psychology / Psychologie canadienne · doi:10.1037/h0080017 · Cited by 4,638
The construction of autobiographical memories in the self-memory system
Conway, M. A., & Pleydell-Pearce, C. W. (2000) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.107.2.261 · Cited by 4,089
Johnson, M. K., Hashtroudi, S., & Lindsay, D. S. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.114.1.3 · Cited by 3,392
Trope, Y., & Liberman, N. (2003) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.110.3.403 · Cited by 3,006
Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior, Vol. 2.
Wagner, D. G., Higgins, E. T., & Sorrentino, R. M. (1991) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2072281 · Cited by 1,970
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 52 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 788
There’s No Time Like the Present
Deng, N., Latham, A. J., Miller, K., & Norton, J. (2024) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198918905.003.0008 · Cited by 2
Embodying anticipated affect enhances proactive behavior in 5-year-old children
Schreiber, F., Schneider, S., Newen, A., & Voigt, B. (2024) · Journal of Experimental Child Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2024.106099 · Cited by 2
Janczyk, M., Tucholski, K., Kaup, B., & Ulrich, R. (2025) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-025-01715-y · Cited by 2
Parallel effects of retrieval ease on attributions about the past and the future
Gregg, J. M., Upadhyay, S. S. N., Kuntzelman, K. M., Sacchi, E., & Westerman, D. L. (2018) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.12.007 · Cited by 3
Is it Time to Reminisce About the Future
Webster, J. D. (2013) · The International Journal of Reminiscence and Life Review · Cited by 2
den Broeck, K. V., Reza, J., Nelis, S., Claes, L., Pieters, G., & Raes, F. (2014) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/2051-6673-1-8 · Cited by 2
Age-Related Changes in the Episodic Simulation of Future
Addis, D. R., Wong, A. T., & Schacter, D. L. (2008) · Cited by 2
Kleinberg, B., van der Toolen, Y., Vrij, A., Arntz, A. R., & Verschuère, B. (2018) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.3461 · Cited by 2
D’Argembeau, A. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-397025-1.00149-4 · Cited by 3
Self-citationPeople infuse their passwords with autobiographical information
Taylor, R. J., & Garry, M. (2018) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2018.1539499 · Cited by 3
Elmore, K. (2014) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 2
Consumers Believe They Will Have More Control Over the Future than They Did Over the PastPreprint
Williams, E. F., & LeBoeuf, R. A. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1892484 · Cited by 2
Using Working Models of Attachment to Understand Paranoia in the General Population
James, G. (2015) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 2
The effect of episodic future thinking on delay discounting
Olsen, R. A. (2020) · Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka (Figshare) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17145569.v1 · Cited by 2
Emotional anticipation of future vocational transitions: A person-centered approachPreprint
Parmentier, M. (2022) · Thesis Commons (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/s9ebk · Cited by 2
The temporal Doppler effect: When the future feels closer than the past
Caruso, E. M., Leaf Van Boven, A., Chin, M. J., & Ward, A. (2014) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e578192014-305 · Cited by 2
Hallford, D. J. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/zn5cb · Cited by 2
Anderson, R. J., Boulby, A., & Dewhurst, S. A. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102475 · Cited by 1
Emotional closure in autobiographical memories: Investigating future events for resolution
Ergen, İ., & Gülgöz, S. (2023) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.4096 · Cited by 1
Gómez, J. L. D. (2024) · Mente y Cultura · doi:10.17711/myc.2683-3018.2024.001 · Cited by 2
Evidence for grid-cell-like activity in the time domain
Peters‐Founshtein, G., Dafni‐Merom, A., Monsa, R., & Arzy, S. (2024) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108878 · Cited by 3
Prompt response variation in learner corpus research: Implications for data interpretation
Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, C., Minnillo, S., Fernández-Mira, P., & Hernandez, A. F. (2024) · Research Methods in Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1016/j.rmal.2024.100134 · Cited by 1
People experience similar intrusions about past and future autobiographical negative experiences
Takarangi, M. K. T., Sanson, M., Moeck, E. K., & Johns, M. (2024) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2024.2422906 · Cited by 1
Development of belief in a just world in children
Kanakogi, Y., Tanabe, W., Chijiiwa, H., Oguni, R., & Hagihara, H. (2025) · The Japanese journal of psychology · doi:10.4992/jjpsy.96.23053 · Cited by 1
van Mulukom, V. (2025) · Imagination Cognition and Personality · doi:10.1177/02762366251339191 · Cited by 2
Thomsen, D. K., & Pillemer, D. B. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009492140.012 · Cited by 2
Moscovitch, D. A., & Huppert, J. D. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-14146-1.00010-3 · Cited by 1
Miller, K. (2026) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-026-05545-6 · Cited by 1
Dziubańska, R., Kękuś, M., Woźniak, M., Polczyk, R., & Barzykowski, K. (2026) · Psychology and Sexuality · doi:10.1080/19419899.2026.2685187 · Cited by 1
Brown, N. R., & Shi, L. (2026) · Memory · doi:10.1080/09658211.2026.2687683 · Cited by 1
When Passion for Sport Jobs Is Exciting, and When It Isn’t: A Biometric Approach
Qi, J., Magnusen, M., Todd, S. Y., Bae, D., & Byon, K. K. (2026) · Journal of Sport Management · doi:10.1123/jsm.2025-0331 · Cited by 1
Eren, A., & Yeşilbursa, A. (2013) · The Australian journal of teacher education · doi:10.14221/ajte.2013v38n2.7 · Cited by 1
Memory search in event construction
Prabhakar, J. (2014) · doi:10.7282/t3gh9jd1 · Cited by 1
Visuospatial asymmetries and emotional valence influence mental time travel.
Thomas, N. A., & Takarangi, M. K. T. (2017) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0000374 · Cited by 1
Facing the future: intended moral acts evoke greater elevation than completed ones
Xie, Z., Zuo, B., Tan, X., & Liu, C. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05994-7 · Cited by 2
In the Eyes of the Future: Eye Movement during Near and Distant Future Thinking
Haj, M. E., & Moustafa, A. A. (2024) · Vision · doi:10.3390/vision8020032 · Cited by 1
Delineating the neural substrates of autobiographical memory impairment in Huntington's disease
Horne, K., Carmichael, A. M., Mercieca, E., Glikmann‐Johnston, Y., Stout, J. C., & Irish, M. (2024) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.16576 · Cited by 1
In Defense of the Essentially Epistemic Nature of Episodic Memory
Springle, A. A., & Goldwasser, S. (2025) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-025-00774-z · Cited by 1
Time-conjunctive representations of future events
Babcock, S. W., Howard, M. W., & McGuire, J. T. (2019) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-019-00999-1 · Cited by 1
Gardner, R. S., Anderson, H. S., Mainetti, M., & Ascoli, G. A. (2020) · Journal of Cognition · doi:10.5334/joc.105 · Cited by 1
Mental time travel in patients “cured” from primary central nervous system lymphoma
Pertz, M., Kowalski, T. E., Schlegel, U. S., & Thoma, P. (2021) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/13803395.2021.1912299 · Cited by 1
McClure, J. H. C., Sayan, S., & Anderson, R. J. (2026) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941251415315 · Cited by 1
Effects of video self-modelling as an intervention for teenagers with public speaking anxiety
Gilchrist, E. M. C. (2013) · UC Research Repository (University of Canterbury) · doi:10.26021/9523 · Cited by 1
Persuasive imaginations: three essays on the role of mental imagery in product evaluation
Ostinelli, M. (2010) · eScholarship@McGill (McGill) · doi:10.82308/43392 · Cited by 1
Episodic Foresight in Typically-Developing Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Hanson, L. K. (2013) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-3202 · Cited by 1
Phenomenological Foundations of Psychological Distance
Travers, M. (2015) · CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder) · Cited by 1
Pre-experiencing the future in dysphoria : the role of anticipatory affect
Ranger, G. (2018) · Cited by 1
How does memory self-efficacy affect source memory within a reality monitoring task?
Kraemer, K. R. (2020) · Cited by 1
Thoughts of death disrupt foresight: the 'ostrich bias'Preprint
Vito, S. D., Neroni, M. A., Bonnefon, J., Sala, S. D., Capuozzo, A., Engemann, D. A., & Brandimonte, M. A. (2017) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/wernx · Cited by 1
From Mentally Doing to Actually Doing: A Meta-Analysis of Induced Positive Consumption SimulationsPreprint
Ceylan, G., Diehl, K., & Wood, W. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4041557 · Cited by 1
Wang, Q., Aydın, Ç., & Klemfuss, J. Z. (2011) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199828340-0009 · Cited by 1
Brands, values and consumers: the importance of values in consumer behaviour
Voorn, R. J. J. (2022) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036554602 · Cited by 1
Hiekkaranta, A. P., Myin‐Germeys, I., Achterhof, R., Bamps, E., Hagemann, N., Janssens, J. J., Akcaoglu, Z., Lafit, G., & Kirtley, O. J. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/mh7au · Cited by 1
Li-Chay-Chung, A., Starrs, F., Ryan, J. D., Barense, M. D., Olsen, R. K., & Addis, D. R. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/fub43 · Cited by 1
Zaman, A., Setton, R., Catmur, C., & Russell, C. (2023) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/qp6hj · Cited by 2
Mental time travel and self-efficacy: Findings on agency, emotionality, and flexibilityPreprint
Plank, L., & Zlomuzica, A. (2023) · OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/3nhsm · Cited by 1
The well-being value of thinking about the future in adolescence
Whaley, S. (2014) · Royal Holloway Digital Repository (Royal Holloway University of London) · Cited by 1
Itabashi-Campbell, R. R. (2013) · Human Biology
Existential Temporality as Fore-Ignorance: Implications for Divine Foreknowledge
Pensgard, D. (2008) · Digital Commons (Liberty University)
Sintomatología ansioso depresiva y su relación con la temporalidad
Gutiérrez, D. J. G. (2010) · doi:10.14201/gredos.76492
Simulating personal future events: Contributions from episodic memory and beyond
Gaesser, B. (2014) · Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University)
Effects of Current Mood State on the Time-Frame Orientation of Mind-Wandering
Gooding, W. D. (2015) · W&M Publish (College of William & Mary)
The Role of Knowledge Accessibility in Episodic Future Thought
Szpunar, K. K. (2009) · Open Scholarship Institutional Repository (Washington University in St. Louis) · doi:10.7936/k7416v5p
Burns, Z. C., Caruso, E. M., & Bartels, D. M. (2012)
Investigating the Janus hypothesis : an fMRI study of the neural substrates of mental time travel
Bang, L. (2009) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives
Mechanism of specifying level of detail in episodic future thinking
Ito, Y., Hattori, Y., & Kawaguchi, J. (2012) · Journal of Human Environmental Studies · doi:10.4189/shes.10.41
Validation of the Memory Experience Questionnaire in a Korean population
AhnHyunnie, 심기선, 민지원, & 주혜선 (2013) · Korea Journal of Counseling · doi:10.15703/kjc.14.1.201302.401
A Close Examination of the 1-in-X Effect and Its Impact on Health Risk Perceptions
Gong, Y. (2016) · The Atrium (University of Guelph)
Effects of perspective taking on memory for self and other
Cox, C. L. (2009) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
The Role of Episodic and Semantic Memory in Episodic Future Thinking
彤, 王. (2014) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2014.43068
The Role of Episodic and Semantic Memory in Episodic Future Thinking
Wang, T. Y., & Huang, X. (2014)
Remembering past events activates temporal concepts of future
Ito, Y., Hattori, Y., & Kawaguchi, J. (2015) · The Japanese journal of psychology · doi:10.4992/jjpsy.86.14315
Howansky, K. (2015) · doi:10.7282/t36q2073
Ranson, J. (2016) · Human Biology
Special issue article Construing counterfactual worlds: The role of abstraction
Gilead, M., Liberman, N., & Maril, A. (2012)
Personal notions of time travel: Reflections on love, loss, and growth through autoethnography
Stirling, F. J. (2016) · Transpersonal Psychology Review · doi:10.53841/bpstran.2016.18.2.26
Samani, M. N. (2017) · Brock University Digital Repository (Brock University)
The Effects of Cue Familiarity on Episodic Memory, Scene Construction, and Imagining the Future
Robin, J. (2011) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Anticipating the future and remembering the past: The time course of emotion in schizophrenia
Moran, E. K. (2014) · eScholarship (California Digital Library)
Misconceptions about adaptive function
Redshaw, J., & Suddendorf, T. (2018) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x17001480
A Study on Development and Validity of the Impact of Future Events Scale
Park, E. H., & Choi, S. (2017) · Ewha Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.16935/ejss.2017.33.1.003
Memory of Medical Scenarios for End-of-Life Support Preferences
García‐Bajos, E., & Migueles, M. (2018) · The Spanish Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1017/sjp.2018.60
Blouin‐Hudon, E. C. (2015) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2015-11035
The role of prospective cognition in human decision-making: proximate and ultimate perspectives
Bulley, A. (2019) · The University of Queensland · doi:10.14264/uql.2019.633
Walker, D. (2017) · Coventry University Open Collections (Coventry university)
Imaginative Intervention to Reduce Food Craving—Based on the Elaborated Intrusive Theory
张, 翰. (2020) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2020.101003
Enhancing the Emotional Impact of Prospections Via Personal Values
Gorter, B. G. (2019) · The Mathematics Enthusiast
Bailey, C. (2020) · BJPsych Bulletin · doi:10.1192/bjb.2020.26
A Refutation of Memory Circularity
Smith, T., & Dyke, H. (2020) · Erkenntnis · doi:10.1007/s10670-020-00289-2
Reading Emotion Words in Sentences: Exploring Interactions Between Valence and Arousal
Williams, A. M. (2020) · RIT Scholar Works (Rochester Institute of Technology)
de Baêna, T. D. M. S. (2020) · The Psychologist Practice & Research Journal · doi:10.33525/pprj.v3i2.83
An Evolutionary Perspective on Mental Time Travel
Suddendorf, T. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190256685.013.12
Framing the past (and future): Effects of generic photos on autobiographical judgments
Wilson, J. C., & Westerman, D. L. (2021) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-020-01132-3
The Effects of Social Rewards on Incidental Episodic MemoryPreprint
Molinaro, G., & Russell, C. (2021) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/7xrct
EM-Theory as a minimalist program for global cognition: autism as case-study
Sheppard, J. Z. (2021) · UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)
Metadata
- Authors
- D’Argembeau, A., & Van der Linden, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Liège (BE)
- Corresponding author
- D’Argembeau, Arnaud
- ORCID
- D’Argembeau, Arnaud
- Venue
- Consciousness and Cognition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-12
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 844-858
- ISSN
- 1053-8100 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2054734057
- Cited by
- 792
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 48 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 43 · 2012: 50
- FWCI
- 3.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orbi.uliege.be
- Licence
- Locations
- Consciousness and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ORBi (University of Liège) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Keywords
- mental time travel, re-experiencing, phenomenal consciousness, temporal distance, event valence, future imagination, goal-directed cognition
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Deja Vu, Emotions, Female, Goals, Humans, Imagination, Male, Memory, Time Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review