A systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive bias to food stimuli in people with disordered eating behaviour
Abstract
Aim Maladaptive cognitions about food, weight and shape bias attention, memory and judgment and may be linked to disordered eating behaviour. This paper reviews information processing of food stimuli (words, pictures) in people with eating disorders (ED).Method PubMed, Ovid, ScienceDirect, PsychInfo, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched to December 2009. 63 studies measured attention, memory and judgment bias towards food stimuli in women with ED.Results Stroop tasks had sufficient sample size for a meta-analyses and effects ranged from small to medium. Other studies of attention bias had variable effects (e.g. the Dot-Probe task, distracter tasks and Startle Eyeblink Modulation). A meta-analysis of memory bias studies in ED and RE yielded insignificant effect. Effect sizes for judgment bias ranged from negligible to large.Conclusions People with ED have greater attentional bias to food stimuli than healthy controls (HC). Evidence for a memory and judgment bias in ED is limited.
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A number of reviews have reported atypical attentional bias towards disorder specific stimuli.
“Additionally, a number of reviews have reported atypical attentional bias towards disorder specific stimuli (Bar-Haim et al., 2007;Brooks et al., 2011;Cisler and Koster, 2010).”
From Meta-analytic review of the effects of a single dose of intranasal oxytocin on threat processing in humans (2018) · cites this paper as Brooks et al., 2011
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- Authors
- Brooks, S., Prince, A., Stahl, D., Campbell, I. C., & Treasure, J.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brooks, Samantha
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 37-51
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1965590380
- Semantic Scholar
- ba65340bcb8eb74d74c5d76554efeab0c124160e
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- disordered eating, eating disorders, cognitive biases, food stimuli, attentional bias, memory bias, judgment bias, Stroop task, dot-probe task, women
- MeSH terms
- Feeding and Eating Disorders, Attention, Female, Food, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Photic Stimulation
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