Specificity of psychological treatments for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder? A meta-analysis of direct comparisons
Abstract
Treatment guidelines state that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy are the best-supported psychotherapies for bulimia nervosa (BN) and that CBT is the preferred psychological treatment for binge eating disorder (BED). However, no meta-analysis which both examined direct comparisons between psychological treatments for BN and BED and considered the role of moderating variables, such as the degree to which psychotherapy was bona fide, has previously been conducted Thus, such an analysis was undertaken. We included 77 comparisons reported in 53 studies. The results indicated that: (a) bona fide therapies outperformed non-bona fide treatments, (b) bona fide CBT outperformed bona fide non-CBT interventions by a statistically significant margin (only approaching statistical significance for BN and BED when examined individually), but many of these trials had confounds which limited their internal validity, (c) full CBT treatments offered no benefit over their components, and (d) the distribution of effect size differences between bona fide CBT treatments was homogeneously distributed around zero. These findings provide little support for treatment specificity in psychotherapy for BN and BED.
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CBT is the standard of care for many psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, addiction, chronic pain and sleeping disturbance (insomnia) across the spectrum of acuity.
“CBT is the standard of care for many psychiatric disorders including depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, addiction, chronic pain and sleeping disturbance (insomnia) across the spectrum of acuity.16–20”
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- Authors
- Spielmans, G. I., Benish, S. G., Marin, C., Bowman, W. M., Menster, M., & Wheeler, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Metropolitan State University (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Platteville (US)
- Corresponding author
- Spielmans, Glen I.
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 460-469
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1964837140
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 115
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 0.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy, treatment specificity, treatment comparison, treatment components, internal validity, eating disorders
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Psychotherapy, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge-Eating Disorder
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