Galantamine tethered hydrogel as a novel therapeutic target for streptozotocin-induced Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar rats
Open accessAbstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque formation, neuronal cell death, and cognitive impairment are the unique symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). No single step remedy is available to treat AD, so the present study aimed to improve the drugability and minimize the abnormal behavioral and biochemical activities in streptozotocin (STZ) induced AD experimental Wistar rats. In particular, we explored the utilization of methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), which is a biopolymeric hydrogel that mimics the natural tissue environment. The synthesized biopolymeric gel contained the drug galantamine (Gal). Investigations were conducted to evaluate the behavioral activities of STZ-induced AD experimental rats under STZ + GelMA + Gal treatment. The experimental groups comprised the control and STZ, STZ + GelMA, STZ + Gal, and STZ + GelMA + Gal (10 mg/kg) treated rats. Intracerebroventricular STZ ensures cognitive decline in terms of an increase in the escape latency period, with a decrease in the spontaneous alteration of behavioral activities. Our results indicated decrease Aβ aggregation in the hydrogel-based drug treatment group and significant decreases in the levels of acetylcholinesterase and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.001). In addition, the glutathione and superoxide dismutase activities appeared to be improved in the STZ + GelMA + Gal group compared with the other treatment groups. Furthermore, histopathological and immunohistochemical experiments showed that the GelMA + Gal treated AD rats exhibited significantly improved behavioral and biochemical activities compared with the STZ treated AD rats. Therefore, STZ + GelMA + Gal administration from the pre-plaque stage may have a potential clinical application in the prevention of AD. Thus, we conclude that hydrogel-based Gal drugs are efficient at decreasing Aβ aggregation and improving the neuroinflammatory process, antioxidant activity, and neuronal growth.
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Galantamine is a first-line medication for mild-to-severe AD with good efficacy and tolerability in improving behavioral symptoms, activities of daily living, and cognitive performance.
“It is a first-line medication for mild-to-severe AD that has a good efficacy and tolerability in improving behavioral symptoms, activities of daily living, and cognitive performance [110,112,113].”
From Recent Advances in Therapeutics for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease (2024) · cites this paper as [110]
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“It is a first-line medication for mild-to-severe AD that has a good efficacy and tolerability in improving behavioral symptoms, activities of daily living, and cognitive performance [110,112,113].”
Background
- Authors
- Rajkumar, M., Sakthivel, M., Senthilkumar, K., Thangaraj, R., & Kannan, S.
- Affiliations
- Periyar University (IN)
- Government Rajaji Hospital (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kannan, Soundarapandian
- Venue
- Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022
- Volume
- 3
- Pages
- 100100
- ISSN
- 2590-2571 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9058960
- OpenAlex
- W4224009916
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 3.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Research in Pharmacology and Drug Discovery (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Periyar University (PU/AD-3/URF/013805/2019)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, galantamine, gelatin methacryloyl, amyloid-beta aggregation, acetylcholinesterase, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant activity, neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment, neuroprotection
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