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Cerebellar rTMS disrupts predictive language processing
Open accessAbstract
The human cerebellum plays an important role in language, amongst other cognitive and motor functions [1], but a unifying theoretical framework about cerebellar language function is lacking. In an established model of motor control, the cerebellum is seen as a predictive machine, making short-term estimations about the outcome of motor commands. This allows for flexible control, on-line correction, and coordination of movements [2]. The homogeneous cytoarchitecture of the cerebellar cortex suggests that similar computations occur throughout the structure, operating on different input signals and with different output targets [3]. Several authors have therefore argued that this ‘motor' model may extend to cerebellar nonmotor functions [3–5], and that the cerebellum may support prediction in language processing [6]. However, this hypothesis has never been directly tested. Here, we used the ‘Visual World' paradigm [7], where on-line processing of spoken sentence content can be assessed by recording the latencies of listeners' eye movements towards objects mentioned. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was used to disrupt function in the right cerebellum, a region implicated in language [8]. After cerebellar rTMS, listeners showed delayed eye fixations to target objects predicted by sentence content, while there was no effect on eye fixations in sentences without predictable content. The prediction deficit was absent in two control groups. Our findings support the hypothesis that computational operations performed by the cerebellum may support prediction during both motor control and language processing.
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“the cerebellar regions of interest for mood and cognition modulation are relatively superficial (Desmond et al., 2005; Hardwick et al., 2014; Lesage et al., 2012; Theoret et al., 2001)”
From A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation for bipolar disorder: Safety, tolerability, mood and cognitive effects (2025) · cites this paper as Lesage et al., 2012
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lesage, E., Morgan, B. E., Olson, A. C., Meyer, A. S., & Miall, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lesage, Elise
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-09
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- R794-R795
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3459089
- OpenAlex
- W2039237595
- Cited by
- 141
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 11
- FWCI
- 5.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (WT087554)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Action Observation and Synchronization
- Keywords
- cerebellum, language processing, predictive processing, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, eye fixations, visual world paradigm, sentence comprehension, motor control models
- MeSH terms
- Cerebellum, Cognition, Fixation, Ocular, Humans, Language, Psychomotor Performance, Speech, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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