Dissociation of circadian and circatidal timekeeping in the marine crustacean Eurydice pulchra
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Tidal (12.4 hr) cycles of behavior and physiology adapt intertidal organisms to temporally complex coastal environments, yet their underlying mechanism is unknown. However, the very existence of an independent "circatidal" clock has been disputed, and it has been argued that tidal rhythms arise as a submultiple of a circadian clock, operating in dual oscillators whose outputs are held in antiphase i.e., ~12.4 hr apart. RESULTS: We demonstrate that the intertidal crustacean Eurydice pulchra (Leach) exhibits robust tidal cycles of swimming in parallel to circadian (24 hr) rhythms in behavioral, physiological and molecular phenotypes. Importantly, ~12.4 hr cycles of swimming are sustained in constant conditions, they can be entrained by suitable stimuli, and they are temperature compensated, thereby meeting the three criteria that define a biological clock. Unexpectedly, tidal rhythms (like circadian rhythms) are sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of Casein kinase 1, suggesting the possibility of shared clock substrates. However, cloning the canonical circadian genes of E. pulchra to provide molecular markers of circadian timing and also reagents to disrupt it by RNAi revealed that environmental and molecular manipulations that confound circadian timing do not affect tidal timing. Thus, competent circadian timing is neither an inevitable nor necessary element of tidal timekeeping. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that tidal rhythms are driven by a dedicated circatidal pacemaker that is distinct from the circadian system of E. pulchra, thereby resolving a long-standing debate regarding the nature of the circatidal mechanism.
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RNAi experiments revealed that circatidal timekeeping in Eurydice pulchra is at least independent from PER and TIM cycles.
“RNAi experiments revealed that the circatidal timekeeping is at least independent from PER and TIM cycles.”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
In Eurydice pulchra, despite the observed phase delay, the amplitude of tidal oscillations was robust and comparable to the untreated control.
“In spite of the observed phase delay, the amplitude of tidal oscillations was robust and comparable to the untreated control.”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
In Eurydice pulchra, pharmacological inhibition of CK1δ/ε by PF-670462 altered both circadian cycles (pigment dispersion in chromatophores) and circatidal swimming rhythms.
“In this species, the pharmacological inhibition of CK1δ/ε by PF-670462 altered both circadian cycles (pigment dispersion in chromatophores), as well as circatidal swimming rhythms [10].”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Vibrations mimicking water turbulence were effective in re-entraining Eurydice pulchra that became arrhythmic after spending more than a month in DD.
“Moreover, vibrations mimicking water turbulence were effective in re-entraining animals that became arrhythmic after spending more than a month in DD [10].”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Circadian rhythm disruption through LL exposure affected neither the tidal swimming period nor overall activity levels in Eurydice pulchra.
“Furthermore, circadian rhythm disruption through LL exposure affected neither the tidal swimming period nor overall activity levels [10].”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Eurydice pulchra showed robust tidal rhythmicity after being caught in the wild and released in DD, suggesting the existence of a true circatidal endogenous oscillator.
“This intertidal isopod showed robust tidal rhythmicity after being caught in the wild and released in DD, suggesting the existence of a true circatidal endogenous oscillator.”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Apart from timeless, Eurydice circadian clock genes also do not show a circadian expression pattern.
“However, it should be noted that apart from timeless, Eurydice circadian clock genes also do not show a circadian expression pattern [10] (Figure 3F).”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
No circatidal oscillations have been found in Eurydice core clock genes.
“Furthermore, no circatidal oscillations have been found in Eurydice core clock genes.”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Zhang, L., Hastings, M. H., Green, E. W., Tauber, E., Sladek, M., Webster, S. G., Kyriacou, C. P., & Wilcockson, D. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Leicester (GB)
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (GB)
- Bangor University (GB)
- Aberystwyth University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Webster, Simon G.
- Kyriacou, Charalambos P.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 1863-1873
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3793863
- OpenAlex
- W2111762174
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 7.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ASEP (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Leicester Research Archive (University of Leicester) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- University of Leicester
- Medical Research Council
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/G02085X/1, BB/K009702/1, 91/517172, BB/E001750/1, BB/E000835/1, S17172)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Crustacean biology and ecology
- Keywords
- circatidal rhythm, circadian rhythm, Eurydice pulchra, intertidal crustaceans, biological clock, tidal rhythms, swimming behavior, casein kinase 1, clock genes, RNA interference, entrainment, temperature compensation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Cell Line, Circadian Rhythm, Drosophila, Molecular Sequence Data, Periodicity, Pyrazoles, Pyrimidines, Swimming, Isopoda, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering, Casein Kinase I, Tidal Waves, CLOCK Proteins, ARNTL Transcription Factors, Cryptochromes, Circadian Clocks
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