The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Expertise in design: an overview
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“Without first exploring diverse ideas, one can hastily converge to a sub-optimal idea and spend time iterating on it without considering other options - a phenomenon called fixation that hinders creative processes [19, 24, 37].”
From Luminate: Structured Generation and Exploration of Design Space with Large Language Models for Human-AI Co-Creation (2024) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Second, the literature on creativity consistently underscores our tendency to prematurely converge [19, 24, 36, 37], unless interventions are employed, such as explicitly requiring the generation of multiple ideas at the start of the creative process [24, 54].”
From Luminate: Structured Generation and Exploration of Design Space with Large Language Models for Human-AI Co-Creation (2024) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“studies found that even experts often converge prematurely during creative processes [19, 37], suggesting the human tendency to converge and challenges to diverge.”
From Luminate: Structured Generation and Exploration of Design Space with Large Language Models for Human-AI Co-Creation (2024) · cites this paper as [19]
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Citations
Cites
The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance
Ericsson, K. A., Krampe, R. T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.100.3.363 · Cited by 9,564
EXPERT AND EXCEPTIONAL PERFORMANCE: Evidence of Maximal Adaptation to Task Constraints
Ericsson, K. A., & Lehmann, A. C. (1996) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.273 · Cited by 2,139
Suwa, M., Gero, J., & Purcell, T. (2000) · Design Studies · doi:10.1016/s0142-694x(99)00034-4 · Cited by 338
Research works printed but not linked: 28
- Ho, 2001, Some phenomena of problem decomposition strategy for design thinking: differences between novices and experts, Design Studies, 22, 27, 10.1016/S0142-694X(99)00030-7 · DOI
- Cross, 1998, Expertise in Engineering Design, Research in Engineering Design, 10, 141, 10.1007/BF01607156 · DOI
- Cross, 1994, Design Expertise Amongst Student Designers, Journal of Art and Design Education, 13, 39, 10.1111/j.1476-8070.1994.tb00356.x · DOI
- Atman, 1999, A Comparison of Freshman and Senior Engineering Design Processes, Design Studies, 20, 131, 10.1016/S0142-694X(98)00031-3 · DOI
- Ahmed, 2003, Understanding the Differences Between How Novice and Experienced Designers Approach Design Tasks, Research in Engineering Design, 14, 1, 10.1007/s00163-002-0023-z · DOI
- Seitamaa-Hakkarainen, 2001, Composition and Construction in Experts’ and Novices’ Weaving Design, Design Studies, 22, 44, 10.1016/S0142-694X(99)00038-1 · DOI
- Kavakli, 2002, The Structure of Concurrent Cognitive Actions: a case study on novice and expert designers, Design Studies, 23, 25, 10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00021-7 · DOI
- Lloyd, 1994, Discovering the Design Problem, Design Studies, 15, 125, 10.1016/0142-694X(94)90020-5 · DOI
- Lawson, 1979, Cognitive Strategies in Architectural Design, Ergonomics, 22, 59, 10.1080/00140137908924589 · DOI
- Schön, 1988, Designing: rules, types and worlds, Design Studies, 9, 181, 10.1016/0142-694X(88)90047-6 · DOI
- Goel, 1992, The Structure of Design Problem Spaces, Cognitive Science, 16, 395, 10.1207/s15516709cog1603_3 · DOI
- Lloyd, 1995, Difference in Similarity: interpreting the architectural design process, Planning and Design, 22, 383, 10.1068/b220383 · DOI
- Darke, 1979, The Primary Generator and the Design Process, Design Studies, 1, 36, 10.1016/0142-694X(79)90027-9 · DOI
- Ullman, 1988, A Model of the Mechanical Design Process Based on Empirical Data, Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design and Manufacturing, 2, 33, 10.1017/S0890060400000536 · DOI
- Ball, 1994, Cognitive Processes in Engineering Design: a longitudinal study, Ergonomics, 37, 1753, 10.1080/00140139408964950 · DOI
- Guindon, 1990, Knowledge Exploited by Experts During Software System Design, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 33, 279, 10.1016/S0020-7373(05)80120-8 · DOI
- Kolodner, 1996, Powers of Observation in Creative Design, Design Studies, 17, 385, 10.1016/S0142-694X(96)00021-X · DOI
- Dorst, 2001, Creativity in the Design Process: co-evolution of problem-solution, Design Studies, 22, 425, 10.1016/S0142-694X(01)00009-6 · DOI · Paper page
- Fricke, 1996, Successful Individual Approaches in Engineering Design, Research in Engineering Design, 8, 151, 10.1007/BF01608350 · DOI
- Visser, 1990, More or Less Following a Plan During Design: opportunistic deviations in specification, International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 33, 247, 10.1016/S0020-7373(05)80119-1 · DOI
- Guindon, 1990, Designing the Design Process: exploiting opportunistic thoughts, Human-Computer Interaction, 5, 305, 10.1207/s15327051hci0502&3_6 · DOI
- Ball, 1995, Structured and Opportunistic Processing in Design: a critical discussion, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 43, 131, 10.1006/ijhc.1995.1038 · DOI
- Akin, 1995, Design Protocol Data and Novel Design Decisions, Design Studies, 16, 211, 10.1016/0142-694X(94)00010-B · DOI
- Lloyd, 1995, Can Concurrent Verbalisation Reveal Design Cognition?, Design Studies, 16, 237, 10.1016/0142-694X(94)00011-2 · DOI
- P. Lloyd (ed.) Designing in Context, Design Studies 24 (3) (2003) (special issue). · DOI
- Badke-Schaub, 1999, Analysis of Design Projects, Design Studies, 20, 465, 10.1016/S0142-694X(99)00017-4 · DOI
- Busby, 2001, Error and Distributed Cognition in Design, Design Studies, 22, 233, 10.1016/S0142-694X(00)00028-4 · DOI
- Jagodzinski, P, Reid, F and Culverhouse, P (eds.) Ethnographic Approaches to the Study of Engineering Design, Design Studies 21 (4) (2000) (special issue). · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mapping the Landscape of Creativity Support Tools in HCI
Frich, J., MacDonald Vermeulen, L., Remy, C., Biskjaer, M. M., & Dalsgaard, P. (2019) · Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3290605.3300619 · Cited by 410
Parallel prototyping leads to better design results, more divergence, and increased self-efficacy
Dow, S. P., Glassco, A., Kass, J., Schwarz, M., Schwartz, D. L., & Klemmer, S. R. (2010) · ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction · doi:10.1145/1879831.1879836 · Cited by 367
Suh, S., Chen, M., Min, B., Li, T. J.-J., & Xia, H. (2024) · Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3613904.3642400 · Cited by 148
Sustainability, Human Well-Being, and the Future of Education
(2019) · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78580-6 · Cited by 141
Prototyping dynamics: sharing multiple designs improves exploration, group rapport, and results
Dow, S., Fortuna, J., Schwartz, D., Altringer, B., Schwartz, D., & Klemmer, S. (2011) · Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/1978942.1979359 · Cited by 138
Overcoming design fixation: Design by analogy studies and nonintuitive findings
Moreno, D. P., Blessing, L. T., Yang, M. C., Hernández, A. A., & Wood, K. L. (2016) · Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing · doi:10.1017/s0890060416000068 · Cited by 79
Howard, C. D., Barrett, A. F., & Frick, T. W. (2010) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.2190/ec.43.1.f · Cited by 78
Exploring creativity in human-AI co-creation: a comparative study across design experience
Wang, N., Kim, H., Peng, J., & Wang, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2025.1672735 · Cited by 59
“This early structuring allows them to gather relevant information efficiently and to shape a more focused direction for developing ideas and solutions (Cross, 2023; Cross, 2004).”
Design Fixation From Initial Examples: Provided Versus Self-Generated Ideas
Leahy, K., Daly, S. R., McKilligan, S., & Seifert, C. M. (2020) · Journal of Mechanical Design · doi:10.1115/1.4046446 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Cross, N.
- Venue
- Design Studies
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 427-441
- ISSN
- 0142-694X
- Cited by
- 644
- References
- 3
- Language
- en
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