CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 9Diabetes Management and ResearchDiabetes Management and EducationDiabetes and associated disorders

The automated correction index (ACI), a novel report-derived metric correlated to glucose control and variability in patients with type 1 diabetes on advanced hybrid closed loop therapy

Open access
Tumminia, Andrea, Santoro, Gaetano Maria, Oteri, Vittorio, Galeano, Francesco, Baratta, Roberto, Gullo, Damiano, Frittitta, Lucia, Sciacca, Laura +6 more·2025·Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
DOI 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112173
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to correlate the parameters of advanced hybrid closed loop (AHCL) function to the glycometabolic outcomes in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using different AHCL systems. Research design and methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study on 124 adult (n = 87) and pediatric (n = 37) patients correlating the total daily insulin dose (TDD), the total daily basal (TDBa) and bolus (TDBo) insulin doses, the percentage of auto-bolus out of total daily bolus (Automated Correction Index - ACI) to the glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the sensor-derived metrics. Results The ACI was the only AHCL-derived parameter directly associated to HbA1c (p = 0.03) and time above range (TAR 180-250 mg/dL, 10-13.9 mmol/L , p 70-180 mg/dL, 3.9-10 mmol/L , p 70 % (OR 3.18, CI 1.19-8.46, p = 0.02) and coefficient of variation (CV) Conclusion The ACI could represent a useful and easy-to-assess metric for AHCL-treated individuals with T1D. In our cohort an ACI < 30 % was associated to better glucose control and variability.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112173

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • CGM helps characterize the timing, amplitude, and frequency of excursions, and provides quantitative metrics such as TIR, time in hypoglycemia (TBR) and hyperglycemia (TAR), and indices of glycemic variability, which are increasingly used as clinically meaningful targets in diabetes management.

    “CGM helps characterize the timing, amplitude, and frequency of excursions [133–139], and provides quantitative metrics such as TIR, time in hypoglycemia (TBR) and hyperglycemia (TAR), and indices of glycemic variability, which are increasingly used as clinically meaningful targets in diabetes management [140–144].”

    From Diabetic gastroparesis: pathophysiology and impact on insulin timing choices (2026) · cites this paper as [139]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 40 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Tumminia, A., Santoro, G. M., Oteri, V., Galeano, F., Baratta, R., Gullo, D., Frittitta, L., Sciacca, L., Moli, R. L., Piticchio, T., Pino, A. D., Pezzino, G., Frasca, F., & Tomaselli, L. G.
Affiliations
  • Ospedale Garibaldi (IT)
  • University of Catania (IT)
  • Università degli Studi di Enna Kore (IT)
Corresponding author
  • Tumminia, Andrea
  • Santoro, Gaetano Maria
  • Oteri, Vittorio
  • Galeano, Francesco
  • Baratta, Roberto
  • Gullo, Damiano
  • Frittitta, Lucia
  • Sciacca, Laura
  • Moli, Rosario Le
  • Piticchio, Tommaso
  • Pino, Antonino Di
  • Pezzino, Giulia
  • Frasca, Francesco
  • Tomaselli, Letizia Grazia
ORCID
Venue
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2025-06
Volume
224
Pages
112173
ISSN
0168-8227 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112173
OpenAlex
W4409318202
Cited by
9
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 2
FWCI
6.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Keywords
type 1 diabetes, insulin pump therapy, HbA1c, glycemic variability, time in range, coefficient of variation, glycemic control
MeSH terms
Glycemic Control, Adolescent, Adult, Blood Glucose, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin, Insulin Infusion Systems, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review