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Sampling in developmental science: Situations, shortcomings, solutions, and standards

Open access
Bornstein, Marc H., Jager, Justin, Putnick, Diane L.·2013·Developmental Review

Abstract

Sampling is a key feature of every study in developmental science. Although sampling has far-reaching implications, too little attention is paid to sampling. Here, we describe, discuss, and evaluate four prominent sampling strategies in developmental science: population-based probability sampling, convenience sampling, quota sampling, and homogeneous sampling. We then judge these sampling strategies by five criteria: whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of a study’s target population, whether they yield representative and generalizable estimates of subsamples within a study’s target population, the recruitment efforts and costs they entail, whether they yield sufficient power to detect subsample differences, and whether they introduce “noise” related to variation in subsamples and whether that “noise” can be accounted for statistically. We use sample composition of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status to illustrate and assess the four sampling strategies. Finally, we tally the use of the four sampling strategies in five prominent developmental science journals and make recommendations about best practices for sample selection and reporting.

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Metadata

Authors
Bornstein, M. H., Jager, J., & Putnick, D. L.
Venue
Developmental Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-12
Volume
33
Issue
4
Pages
357-370
ISSN
0273-2297 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1999173569
Cited by
773
References
42
FWCI
29.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Sampling in developmental science: Situations, shortcomings, solutions, and standards. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.dr.2013.08.003
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Bornstein, M. H., Jager, J., & Putnick, D. L. (2013). Sampling in developmental science: Situations, shortcomings, solutions, and standards. Developmental Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2013.08.003

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