CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 237Smoking Behavior and CessationSuicide and Self-Harm StudiesSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Smoking and suicide: A brief overview

Open access
Hughes, John R.·2008·Drug and Alcohol Dependence
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.003PMC PMC2585177
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This article provides a brief overview of the rationales, possible mechanisms and epidemiological data on the association of smoking, smoking cessation and cessation medications with suicide. Current smoking is reliably associated with suicide both in case-control and cohort studies. The three most plausible (but relatively untested) explanations for the association are that smokers have pre-existing conditions that increase their risk for suicide, smoking causes painful and debilitating conditions that might lead to suicide, and smoking decreases serotonin and monoamine oxidase levels. Stopping smoking appears to lead to major depression in some smokers; thus, it could induce suicide; however, smoking cessation has not been associated with suicide in the few studies available. Regulatory agencies have stated bupropion, rimonabant and varenicline appear to be associated with suicide; however, the data for these statements have not been presented in sufficient detail to assess their validity. Most prior data have come from post hoc analyses. Studies that a priori focus on understanding smoking and suicide are now needed.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.003

Cites

103 of 103 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 105 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Department of Veterans Affairs, 2008. Recent safety issues regarding varenicline (Chantix™). National PBM Bulletin.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 201–237 of 237

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Hughes, J. R.
Affiliations
University of Vermont (US)
Corresponding author
Hughes, John R.
ORCID
Hughes, John R.
Venue
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-12
Volume
98
Issue
3
Pages
169-178
ISSN
0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.003
PMC
PMC2585177
OpenAlex
W2062560594
Cited by
236
References
105
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 15
FWCI
1.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA00490, K05DA000490)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords
smoking, suicide, smoking cessation, smoking cessation medication, bupropion, rimonabant, varenicline, major depressive disorder, serotonin, monoamine oxidase, suicide risk factors, suicide epidemiology
MeSH terms
Antidepressive Agents, Cannabinoids, Humans, Smoking, Suicide, Biomarkers, Smoking Cessation, Self-Injurious Behavior, Nicotinic Agonists

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review