. Patterns of drug use and abuse among aging adults with and without HIV: a latent class analysis of a US Veteran cohort.
Open accessAbstract
This study characterized the extent and patterns of self-reported drug use among aging adults with and without HIV, assessed differences in patterns by HIV status, and examined pattern correlates. Data derived from 6351 HIV-infected and uninfected adults enrolled in an eight-site matched cohort, the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS). Using clinical variables from electronic medical records and socio-demographics, drug use consequences, and frequency of drug use from baseline surveys, we performed latent class analyses (LCA) stratified by HIV status and adjusted for clinical and socio-demographic covariates. Participants were, on average, age 50 (range 22-86), primarily male (95%) and African-American (64%). Five distinct patterns emerged: non-users, past primarily marijuana users, past multidrug users, current high consequence multidrug users, and current low consequence primarily marijuana users. HIV status strongly influenced class membership. Non-users were most prevalent among HIV uninfected (36.4%) and current high consequence multidrug users (25.5%) were most prevalent among HIV-infected. While problems of obesity marked those not currently using drugs, current users experienced higher prevalences of medical or mental health disorders. Multimorbidity was highest among past and current multidrug users. HIV-infected participants were more likely than HIV-uninfected participants to be current low consequence primarily marijuana users. In this sample, active drug use and abuse were common. HIV-infected and uninfected Veterans differed on extent and patterns of drug use and on important characteristics within identified classes. Findings have the potential to inform screening and intervention efforts in aging drug users with and without HIV.
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People aging with HIV infection are more likely to continue substance use, including tobacco, alcohol, opioids, and other psychoactive substances.
“People aging with HIV infection are more likely to continue substance use (tobacco, alcohol, opioids, and other psychoactive substances) (14).”
From HIV and Aging: State of Knowledge and Areas of Critical Need for Research. A Report to the NIH Office of AIDS Research by the HIV and Aging Working Group (2012) · cites this paper as [14]
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- Authors
- Green, T. C., Kershaw, T., Lin, H., Heimer, R., Goulet, J. L., Kraemer, K. L., Gordon, A. J., Maisto, S. A., Day, N. L., Bryant, K., Fiellin, D. A., & Justice, A. C.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (US)
- Corresponding author
- Green, Traci C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 208-220
- ISSN
- 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3087206
- OpenAlex
- W2006412927
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 95
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U10AA013566)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (F31DA023862)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- drug use patterns, substance abuse, HIV infection, older adults, veterans, cannabis use, polydrug use, multimorbidity, obesity, mental illness, drug use consequences, Veterans Aging Cohort Study
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Marijuana Abuse, Computer Simulation, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Veterans, Cohort Studies, HIV Infections, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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