COVID-19: Reducing the risk of infection might increase the risk of intimate partner violence
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The ongoing pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the causal agent of the acute respiratory distress syndrome COVID-19, is placing unprecedented stress on healthcare systems and societies as a whole. The rapid spread of the virus in the absence of targeted therapies or a vaccine, is forcing countries to respond with strong preventative measures ranging from mitigation to containment. In extreme cases, quarantines are being imposed, limiting mobility to varying degrees.
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Lockdown conditions provide fertile ground for the exercise of coercive control by encouraging people to stay at home, limiting social interactions to household members, reducing mobility and enabling perpetrators to closely monitor their partner's movements.
“Lockdown conditions provide fertile ground for the exercise of coercive control by encouraging people to stay at home, limiting social interactions to household members, reducing mobility and enabling perpetrators to closely monitor their partner's movements.”
From COVID-19 lockdowns, intimate partner violence and coercive control. (2021) · cites this paper as van Gelder et al., 2020
Studies examining connections between the COVID-19 outbreak and IPV are scarce.
“However, studies examining connections between the COVID-19 outbreak and IPV are skim.5,6”
From Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration among U.S. Adults during COVID-19: A Brief Report (2020) · cites this paper as [5]
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“No cenário da pandemia e isolamento social os fatores econômicos, instabilidade emocional e falta de apoio ou suporte social(24) aumentam as chances de violência doméstica, de ameaças e de outros comportamentos violentos como agressão física, psíquica, sexual(24-27).”
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BackgroundStephenson, R. B., Chavanduka, T., Rosso, M. T., Sullivan, S. P., Pitter, R., Hunter, A. S., & Rogers, E. Q. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260521997454 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“The additional stressors created by the need to stay home and socially isolate (e.g., economic stress and stress associated with additional childcare responsibilities) may act as triggers to IPV (van Gelder et al., 2020).”
BackgroundHan, L., Zhan, Y., Li, W., Xu, Y., Xu, Y., & Zhao, J. (2021) · JMIR Public Health and Surveillance · doi:10.2196/31052 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
COVID-19 and violence: a research call to action
Evans, D. (2020) · BMC Women's Health · doi:10.1186/s12905-020-01115-1 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Gregory, A. C., & Williamson, E. (2021) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-021-00292-3 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Domestic violence against women during the Covid-19 pandemic: A scoping review
Santos, D. D. S., Bittencourt, E. A., Malinverni, A. C. D. M., Kisberi, J. B., Vilaça, S. D. F., & Iwamura, E. S. M. (2022) · Forensic Science International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.fsir.2022.100276 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Loneliness and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications for Intimate Partner Violence Survivors
Goodman, L. A., & Epstein, D. (2020) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-020-00215-8 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Physical distancing polices, combined with the dramatic rise in unemployment, have trapped victims at home with their abusive partners during a period of extreme stress and resource scarcity, leaving them highly vulnerable to heightened coercive control and violence (Van Gelder et al. 2020).”
BackgroundTing-Chun, Y., Huang, H., Yeh, T., Huang, W., Huang, H., Chang, Y., & Chen, W. (2020) · Geriatrics and gerontology international/Geriatrics & gerontology international · doi:10.1111/ggi.14022 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Morgan, R., Davies, S. E., Feng, H., Gan, C. C. R., Grépin, K. A., Harman, S., Herten-Crabb, A., Smith, J., & Wenham, C. (2021) · Health Policy and Planning · doi:10.1093/heapol/czab149 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Barbàra, G., Viero, A., Pellizzone, I., Buggio, L., Facchin, F., Cattaneo, C., D’Amico, M. E., Vercellini, P., & Kustermann, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19094973 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Kimber, M., McTavish, J. R., Vanstone, M. G., Stewart, D. E., & MacMillan, H. L. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104743 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Italians on the Age of COVID-19: The Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms Through Web-Based Survey
Balsamo, M., & Carlucci, L. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.569276 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
It takes a curfew: The effect of Covid-19 on female homicides
Aşık, G. A., & Özen, E. N. (2021) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2021.109761 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Existence theory: Outline for a theory of social behaviour
Baert, P., Morgan, M., & Ushiyama, R. (2021) · Journal of Classical Sociology · doi:10.1177/1468795x21998247 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Intimate Partner Violence Experiences During COVID-19 Among Male Couples
Walsh, A. R., Sullivan, S. P., & Stephenson, R. B. (2021) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605211005135 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“…contact information and this new partner was then sent an Walsh et al. NP14169Walsh et al. 3 the fear of acquiring and/or transmitting the virus, have increased the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) and decreased IPV resource availability (Evans et al., 2020; van Gelder et al., 2020).”
Intimate Partner Violence and Mental Health during Lockdown of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Glowacz, F., Dziewa, A., & Schmits, É. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052535 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Maleitzke, T., Pumberger, M., Gerlach, U. A., Herrmann, C., Slagman, A. C., Henriksen, L. S., von Mauchenheim, F., Hüttermann, N., Santos, A. N., Fleckenstein, F. N., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0246956 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Investigating Public Discourses Around Gender and COVID-19: a Social Media Analysis of Twitter Data
Al‐Rawi, A., Grépin, K. A., Li, X., Morgan, R., Wenham, C., & Smith, J. (2021) · Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research · doi:10.1007/s41666-021-00102-x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Lebni, J. Y., Irandoost, S. F., Xosravi, T., Ahmadi, S., Ziapour, A., Soofizad, G., & SoleimanvandiAzar, N. (2021) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455065211063291 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Muldoon, K. A., Denize, K. M., Talarico, R., Boisvert, C., Frank, O., Dingwall‐Harvey, A. L. J., White, R. R., Fell, D. B., O’Hare-Gordon, M. A., Guo, Y., et al. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049295 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Safer If Connected? Mobile Technology and Intimate Partner Violence
Pesando, L. M. (2022) · Demography · doi:10.1215/00703370-9774978 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
How Does COVID-19 Affect the Neurobiology of Suicide?
Conejero, I., Nobile, B., Olié, É., & Courtet, P. (2021) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-021-01227-x · Cited by 85 · see citing works
van Gelder, N. E., van Haalen, D. L., Ekker, K., Ligthart, S. A., & Oertelt‐Prigione, S. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06674-z · Cited by 34 · see citing works
“With the implementation of lockdowns across the world, worries emerged about a rise in domestic violence and abuse (DVA) cases [11, 12].”
BackgroundSelf-citationWomen's Substance Use and Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Devoto, A., Himelein-Wachowiak, M., Liu, T., & Curtis, B. L. (2022) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2022.01.004 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
- Authors
- van Gelder, N., Peterman, A., Potts, A., O'Donnell, M., Thompson, K., Shah, N., & Oertelt-Prigione, S.
- Affiliations
- United Nations Children's Fund (US)
- George Washington University (US)
- Center for Global Development (US)
- United States Agency for International Development (US)
- Venue
- EClinicalMedicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-04
- Volume
- 21
- Pages
- 100348
- ISSN
- 2589-5370 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7151425
- OpenAlex
- W3015481426
- Cited by
- 488
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 119 · 2021: 119 · 2020: 103
- FWCI
- 56.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- EClinicalMedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- UNC Libraries
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, intimate partner violence, infection control, quarantine, lockdown, SARS-CoV-2, public health measures
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