Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,007

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon emissions: Challenges faced by an EU candidate member

Open access
Soytas, Ugur, Sari, Ramazan·2009·Ecological Economics
DOI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.06.014
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This paper investigates the long run Granger causality relationship between economic growth, carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption in Turkey, controlling for gross fixed capital formation and labor. The most interesting result is that carbon emissions seem to Granger cause energy consumption, but the reverse is not true. The lack of a long run causal link between income and emissions may be implying that to reduce carbon emissions, Turkey does not have to forgo economic growth.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.06.014

Cites

2 of 2 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 2 references

Research works printed but not linked: 65

  1. Abosedra, 1989, New evidence on the causal relationship between United States energy consumption and gross national product, Journal of Energy and Development, 14, 285
  2. Akarca, 1980, On the relationship between energy and GNP: a reexamination, Journal of Energy and Development, 5, 326
  3. Altinay, 2004, Structural break, unit root, and the causality between energy consumption and GDP in Turkey, Energy Economics, 26, 985, 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.07.001 · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2004.07.001
  4. Asafu-Adjaye, 2000, The relationship between energy consumption, energy prices and economic growth: time series evidence from Asian developing countries, Energy Economics, 22, 615, 10.1016/S0140-9883(00)00050-5 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Bentzen, 1993, Short- and long-run elasticities in energy demand, Energy Economics, 15, 9, 10.1016/0140-9883(93)90037-R · DOI
  6. Brock, 2005, Economic growth and the environment: a review of theory and empirics, vol. 1B, 1749
  7. Canas, 2003, A new environmental Kuznets curve? Relationship between direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries, Ecological Economics, 46, 217, 10.1016/S0921-8009(03)00123-X · DOI
  8. Coondoo, 2002, Causality between income and emission: a country group-specific econometric analysis, Ecological Economics, 40, 351, 10.1016/S0921-8009(01)00280-4 · DOI · Paper page
  9. de Bruyn, 1997, Developments in the throughput-income relationship: theoretical and empirical observations, Ecological Economics, 20, 255, 10.1016/S0921-8009(96)00086-9 · DOI · Paper page
  10. de Bruyn, 1998, Economic growth and emissions: reconsidering the empirical basis of environmental Kuznets curves, Ecological Economics, 25, 161, 10.1016/S0921-8009(97)00178-X · DOI · Paper page
  11. Dickey, 1979, Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root, Journal of the American Statistical Society, 75, 427
  12. Dinda, 2004, Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: a survey, Ecological Economics, 49, 431, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.02.011 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Dinda, 2006, Income and emission: a panel-data based cointegration analysis, Ecological Economics, 57, 167, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.03.028 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Dudek, 2003, Ancillary benefits of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in transitional economies, World Development, 31, 1759, 10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00139-6 · doi:10.1016/s0305-750x(03)00139-6
  15. Elliott, 1996, Efficient tests for an autoregressive unit root, Econometrica, 64, 813, 10.2307/2171846 · DOI · Paper page
  16. Erol, 1987, On the causal relationship between energy and income for industrialized countries, Journal of Energy and Development, 13, 113
  17. Friedl, 2003, Determinants of CO2 emissions in a small open economy, Ecological Economics, 45, 133, 10.1016/S0921-8009(03)00008-9 · DOI · Paper page
  18. Ghali, 2004, Energy use and output growth in Canada: a multivariate cointegration analysis, Energy Economics, 26, 225, 10.1016/S0140-9883(03)00056-2 · DOI · Paper page
  19. Glasure, 2002, Energy and national income in Korea: further evidence on the role of omitted variables, Energy Economics, 24, 355, 10.1016/S0140-9883(02)00036-1 · DOI
  20. Glasure, 1997, Cointegration, error-correction, and the relationship between GDP and energy: the case of South Korea and Singapore, Resource and Energy Economics, 20, 17, 10.1016/S0928-7655(96)00016-4 · DOI · Paper page
  21. Han, 1997, Impacts of growth and structural change on CO2, emissions of developing countries, World Development, 25, 395, 10.1016/S0305-750X(96)00110-6 · DOI
  22. Heil, 1999, Panel stationarity with structural breaks: carbon emissions and GDP, Applied Economics Letters, 6, 223, 10.1080/135048599353384 · DOI
  23. Hill, 2002, An exploration of the conceptual and empirical basis of the environmental Kuznets curve, Australian Economic Papers, 42, 239, 10.1111/1467-8454.00162 · DOI
  24. Holtz-Eakin, 1995, Stoking the fires? CO2 emissions and economic growth, Journal of Public Economics, 57, 85, 10.1016/0047-2727(94)01449-X · DOI · Paper page
  25. Hwang, 1992, The causal relationship between energy and GNP: the case of Taiwan, The Journal of Energy and Development, 16, 219
  26. Jones, 2005, Neoclassical models of endogenous growth: the effects of fiscal policy, innovation and fluctuations, vol. 1A, 13
  27. Jorgenson, 1993, Energy, the environment, and economic growth, vol. 3, 1267
  28. Kolstad, 1993, Natural resource use and the environment, vol. 3, 1219
  29. Koop, 1996, Impulse response analysis in nonlinear multivariate models, Journal of Econometrics, 74, 119, 10.1016/0304-4076(95)01753-4 · DOI · Paper page
  30. Kraft, 1978, On the relationship between energy and GNP, Journal of Energy and Development, 3, 401
  31. Kumbaroglu, 2003, Environmental taxation and economic effects: a computable general equilibrium analysis for Turkey, Journal of Policy Modeling, 25, 795, 10.1016/S0161-8938(03)00076-0 · DOI
  32. Lee, 2005, Energy consumption and GDP in developing countries: a cointegrated panel analysis, Energy Economics, 27, 415, 10.1016/j.eneco.2005.03.003 · DOI · Paper page
  33. Lee, 2006, The causality relationship between energy consumption and GDP in G-11 countries revisited, Energy Policy, 34, 1086, 10.1016/j.enpol.2005.04.023 · DOI · Paper page
  34. Lise, 2006, Decomposition of CO2 emissions over 1980–2003 in Turkey, Energy Policy, 34, 1841, 10.1016/j.enpol.2004.12.021 · DOI
  35. Masih, 1996, Energy consumption, real income and temporal causality: results from a multi-country study based on cointegration and error-correction modeling techniques, Energy Economics, 18, 165, 10.1016/0140-9883(96)00009-6 · DOI · Paper page
  36. Masih, 1997, On the temporal causal relationship between energy consumption, real income, and prices: some new evidence from Asian-energy dependent NICs based on a multivariate cointegration/vector error-correction approach, Journal of Policy Modeling, 19, 417, 10.1016/S0161-8938(96)00063-4 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Masih, 1998, A multivariate cointegrated modeling approach in testing temporal causality between energy consumption, real income and prices with an application to two Asian LDCs, Applied Economics, 30, 1287, 10.1080/000368498324904 · DOI
  38. Moomaw, 1997, Are environmental Kuznets curves misleading us? The case of CO2 emissions, Environment and Development Economics, 2, 451, 10.1017/S1355770X97000247 · DOI · Paper page
  39. Narayan, 2005, Electricity consumption, employment and real income in Australia: evidence from multivariate Granger causality tests, Energy Policy, 33, 1109, 10.1016/j.enpol.2003.11.010 · DOI · Paper page
  40. Ng, 2001, Lag length selection and the construction of unit root tests with good size and power, Econometrica, 69, 1519, 10.1111/1468-0262.00256 · DOI · Paper page
  41. Nordhaus, 1992, An optimal transition path for controlling greenhouse gases, Science, 258, 1315, 10.1126/science.258.5086.1315 · DOI · Paper page
  42. Oh, 2004, Causal relationship between energy consumption and GDP revisited: the case of Korea 1970–1999, Energy Economics, 26, 51, 10.1016/S0140-9883(03)00030-6 · DOI · Paper page
  43. Pesaran, 1998, Generalized impulse response analysis in linear multivariate models, Economics Letters, 58, 17, 10.1016/S0165-1765(97)00214-0 · DOI · Paper page
  44. Phillips, 1988, Testing for a unit root in time series regressions, Biometrica, 75, 335, 10.1093/biomet/75.2.335 · DOI · Paper page
  45. Ricci, 2007, Channels of transmission of environmental policy to economic growth: a survey of the theory, Ecological Economics, 60, 688, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.11.014 · DOI
  46. Roberts, 1997, Carbon intensity and economic development 1962–1991: a brief exploration of the environmental Kuznets curve, World Development, 25, 191, 10.1016/S0305-750X(96)00104-0 · DOI · Paper page
  47. Rothman, 1998, Probing into the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, Ecological Economics, 25, 143
  48. Sari, 2004, Disaggregate energy consumption, employment, and income in Turkey, Energy Economics, 26, 335, 10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.014 · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2004.04.014
  49. Say, 2006, Energy consumption and CO2 emissions in Turkey: empirical analysis and future projection based on an economic growth, Energy Policy, 34, 3870, 10.1016/j.enpol.2005.08.024 · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2005.08.024
  50. Shafik, 1994, Economic development and environmental quality: an econometric analysis, Oxford Economic Papers, 46, 757, 10.1093/oep/46.Supplement_1.757 · DOI · Paper page
  51. Soytas, 2003, Energy consumption and GDP: causality relationship in G-7 countries and emerging markets, Energy Economics, 25, 33, 10.1016/S0140-9883(02)00009-9 · DOI · Paper page
  52. Soytas, 2006, Energy consumption and income in G-7 countries, Journal of Policy Modeling, 28, 739, 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2006.02.003 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Soytas, 2006, Can China contribute more to the fight against global warming?, Journal of Policy Modeling, 28, 837, 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2006.06.016 · DOI
  54. Soytas, 2007, Energy consumption, income, and carbon emissions in the United States, Ecological Economics, 62, 482, 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.07.009 · DOI · Paper page
  55. Stern, 1993, Energy use and economic growth in the USA: a multivariate approach, Energy Economics, 15, 137, 10.1016/0140-9883(93)90033-N · DOI · Paper page
  56. Stern, 2000, A multivariate cointegration analysis of the role of energy in the US macroeconomy, Energy Economics, 22, 267, 10.1016/S0140-9883(99)00028-6 · DOI · Paper page
  57. Toda, 1995, Statistical inference in vector autoregression with possibly integrated processes, Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225, 10.1016/0304-4076(94)01616-8 · DOI · Paper page
  58. Tunç, 2007, CO2 emissions vs. CO2 responsibility: an input–output approach for the Turkish economy, Energy Policy, 35, 855, 10.1016/j.enpol.2006.02.012 · DOI
  59. Wolde-Rufael, 2004, Disaggregated energy consumption and GDP, the experience of Shanghai 1952–1999, Energy Economics, 26, 69, 10.1016/S0140-9883(03)00032-X · DOI · Paper page
  60. Wolde-Rufael, 2005, Energy demand and economic growth: the African experience 19 countries, Journal of Policy Modeling, 27, 891, 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2005.06.003 · DOI · Paper page
  61. Xepapadeas, 2005, Economic growth and the environment, vol. 3, 1219
  62. Yang, 2000, A note on the causal relationship between energy and GDP in Taiwan, Energy Economics, 22, 309, 10.1016/S0140-9883(99)00044-4 · DOI · Paper page
  63. Yu, 1984, The relationship between energy and GNP: further results, Energy Economics, 6, 186, 10.1016/0140-9883(84)90015-X · DOI · Paper page
  64. Yu, 1985, The causal relationship between energy and GNP: an international comparison, Journal of Energy and Development, 10, 249
  65. Zaim, 2000, A Kuznets curve in environmental efficiency: an application on OECD countries, Environmental and Resource Economics, 17, 21, 10.1023/A:1008318605976 · DOI

Cited by

Metadata

Authors
Soytas, U., & Sari, R.
Venue
Ecological Economics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2009-04
Volume
68
Issue
6
Pages
1667-1675
ISSN
0921-8009 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.06.014
OpenAlex
W2139700718
Cited by
1,007
References
2
FWCI
31.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.