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Cited by 52Environmental and Social Impact AssessmentsEnvironmental Justice and Health DisparitiesPublic Health and Social Inequalities

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.

Health impact assessment and health equity in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review

Open access
Leuenberger, Andrea, Farnham, Andrea, Azevedo, Sophie, Cossa, Herminio, Dietler, Dominik, Nimako, Belinda, Adongo, Philip B., Merten, Sonja, Utzinger, Jürg, Winkler, Mirko S.·2019·Environmental Impact Assessment Review
DOI 10.1016/j.eiar.2019.106288
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Abstract

Natural resource extraction projects can have positive but also negative effects on the health of affected communities, governed by demographic, economic, environmental, physical and social changes. Negative effects often prevail and these might widen existing health inequities. Health impact assessment (HIA) is a decision-support tool that aims at maximizing benefits and minimizing negative impacts on people's health. A core value of HIA is equity; yet, little is known about health equity in the frame of HIA, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a scoping review to determine whether and to what extent HIA in sub-Saharan Africa addresses health equity. We included peer-reviewed publications and guidelines pertaining to HIA, environmental impact assessment (EIA) and social impact assessment (SIA). Health equity was investigated by identifying (i) how health considerations were addressed and (ii) whether health was stratified by subgroups of the community. Out of 1′640 raw hits, we identified 62 articles (16 HIA, 36 EIA, one SIA and nine integrated assessments), 32 of which specifically addressed health. While 20 articles focused on a specific health topic, 12 articles used a more comprehensive approach to address health. In 15 articles there were specific subgroup analyses (e.g. mothers, children or marginalized groups) as a measure of health equity. Another 12 papers referred to the community in a more general way (e.g. affected). Without exception, health was an integral part of the nine included guidelines. HIA guidelines addressed health systematically through environmental health areas, risk assessment matrix or key performance indicators. We found evidence that previously conducted HIA in sub-Saharan Africa and current guidelines address health equity. However, there is a need to stratify community subgroups more systematically in order to determine health differentials better. Future HIA should consider community heterogeneity in an effort to reduce health inequities by “leaving no one behind”, as suggested by the Sustainable Development Goals.

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  • In low-income countries, HIAs, driven by international institutions and lending organizations, concern large development projects (agricultural or natural resource extraction) and urban transport projects; they are generally integrated into other forms of evaluation.

    “Dans les pays à faibles revenus, les EIS, impulsées par les institutions internationales et organismes de prêt concernent les grands projets de développement, qu'il s'agisse de projets agricoles ou de projets d'extraction de ressources naturelles, et les projets de transports urbains ; elles sont généralement intégrées à d'autres formes d'évaluation [19,20].”

    From L’évaluation d’impact sur la santé pour scruter et sculpter les politiques (2021) · cites this paper as [19]

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Authors
Leuenberger, A., Farnham, A., Azevedo, S., Cossa, H., Dietler, D., Nimako, B., Adongo, P. B., Merten, S., Utzinger, J., & Winkler, M. S.
Affiliations
  • Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (CH)
  • University of Ghana (GH)
Corresponding author
Leuenberger, Andrea
ORCID
Venue
Environmental Impact Assessment Review
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-11
Volume
79
Pages
106288
ISSN
0195-9255 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.eiar.2019.106288
OpenAlex
W2967013475
Cited by
52
References
63
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1
FWCI
10.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Environmental Impact Assessment Review (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • edoc (University of Basel) (acceptedVersion)
  • Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • ETH Zürich Research Collection (cc-by)
Funders
  • Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute
  • Medical Library of the University of Basel
  • Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
  • Swiss National Science Foundation (169461)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Environmental and Social Impact Assessments
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Environmental Justice and Health Disparities
  • Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Keywords
health impact assessment, health equity, sub-Saharan Africa, resource extraction, environmental impact assessment, social impact assessment, health stratification, marginalized communities, Sustainable Development Goals, community health

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