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Cited by 212Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementVitamin D Research StudiesNeonatal Health and Biochemistry

Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Poel, Y.H.M., Hummel, P., Lips, P., Stam, F., van der Ploeg, T., Simsek, S.·2012·European Journal of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.ejim.2012.01.007
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Abstract

Background Conflicting results currently exists on the association between vitamin D and glucose metabolism. The role of maternal vitamin D status in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is not clear. This meta-analysis aimed to examine this role in women with GDM compared with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE database, the Cochrane library and Uptodate® Online for English-language literature up to September 2011. Summary odds ratios were calculated using a random-effects model meta-analysis. Results Seven observational studies were eligible for the meta-analysis, including 2146 participants of whom 433 were diagnosed with GDM. Four studies reported a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women (>50%). Overall vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD)<50 nmol/l) in pregnancy was significantly related to the incidence of GDM with an odds ratio of 1.61 (95% CI 1.19-2.17; p=0.002). Serum 25OHD was significant lower in participants with GDM than in those with NGT (-5.33 nmol/l (95% CI -9.73 to -0.93; p=0.018). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicates a significant inverse relation of serum 25OHD and the incidence of GDM. However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal due to the observational study design of the studies. Clinical trials are needed to examine whether vitamin D supplementation will improve glycemic control in women with GDM.

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  • Because vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent among obese women-who already have a higher incidence of gestational diabetes-it is difficult to clearly determine a direct causal relationship between vitamin D status and GDM.

    “However, because vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent among obese women—who already have a higher incidence of gestational diabetes—it is difficult to clearly determine a direct causal relationship between vitamin D status and GDM [135,137,138,139].”

    From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [139]

  • Current evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may act as a contributing factor that increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes.

    “Current evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may act as a contributing factor that increases the risk of developing gestational diabetes.”

    From Maternal Overnutrition and Fetal Programming: Long-Term Metabolic, Cognitive, and Epigenetic Consequences (2026) · cites this paper as [139]

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Authors
Poel, Y. H. M., Hummel, P., Lips, P., Stam, F., van der Ploeg, T., & Simsek, S.
Affiliations
  • Medisch Centrum Alkmaar (NL)
  • Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID
Lips, P.
Venue
European Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-07
Volume
23
Issue
5
Pages
465-469
ISSN
0953-6205 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.ejim.2012.01.007
OpenAlex
W2035514750
Cited by
211
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 25
FWCI
3.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • European Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
  • VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
  • Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Neonatal Health and Biochemistry
Keywords
vitamin D, gestational diabetes mellitus, vitamin D deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, pregnancy, glucose metabolism, maternal vitamin D status, vitamin D supplementation
MeSH terms
Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Vitamin D, Vitamin D Deficiency, Vitamins, Diabetes, Gestational

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