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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Drug-induced liver injury: Pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, and practical management

Björnsson, HK, Björnsson, ES·2022·European Journal of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.10.035
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Abstract

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an important but rare adverse event which can range from mild liver enzyme elevations to liver failure, transplantation or death. A large proportion of commonly used medications, in addition to herbal and dietary supplements, can cause liver injury. DILI has been categorized as direct or idiosyncratic but indirect liver injury has emerged as a third type of drug-induced liver injury. These types of liver injury may warrant different clinical approach and treatment. Associations of HLA genotypes and risk of DILI have highlighted the importance of the immune system in the pathogenesis of DILI. Furthermore, novel agents affecting the immune response can lead to liver injury, often associated with autoimmune features in serologic tests and liver biopsies. Overall, the diagnosis of DILI remains a challenge as it is requires detailed case evaluation in addition to reviewing the hepatotoxic potentials and clinical signatures of the implicated agents. Biochemical profiles vary between agents and although individual drugs tend to portray a consistent clinicopathologic signature, many drugs have multiple signatures. Thanks to multicenter prospective studies on DILI and websites in the public domain such as LiverTox, physicians are provided with tools to investigate suspected DILI cases to increase the likelihood of establishing adiagnosis. The pathogenesis of DILI, epidemiology and current challenges in the diagnosis and management of the disease are…

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.10.035

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4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • Idiosyncratic DILI is unpredictable, largely dose-independent, and symptoms may appear after a long latency period.

    “They are unpredictable, largely dose-independent, and symptoms may appear after a long latency period [7, 8].”

    From Drug-induced liver injury. Part I: Classification, diagnosis and treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [7]

  • Direct hepatotoxicity symptoms appear quickly, within hours or days after exposure, and their severity depends on the drug dose taken.

    “Symptoms appear quickly, within hours or days after exposure, and their severity depends on the drug dose taken.”

    From Drug-induced liver injury. Part I: Classification, diagnosis and treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [7]

  • Most DILIs are idiosyncratic.

    “Most DILIs are idiosyncratic.”

    From Drug-induced liver injury. Part I: Classification, diagnosis and treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [7]

  • Indirect DILI reactions are generally independent of the dose of drug administered and have a latency of weeks to months with varying clinical manifestations.

    “Like idiosyncratic DILI, indirect reactions are generally independent of the dose of drug administered and have a latency of weeks to months with varying clinical manifestations [7-9].”

    From Drug-induced liver injury. Part I: Classification, diagnosis and treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [7]

  • Some cases of DILI are due to direct reaction, which is predictable, dose-dependent and occurs in nearly all exposed individuals if a threshold dose or duration is exceeded.

    “Some cases of DILI are due to direct reaction, which is predictable, dose-dependent and occurs in nearly all exposed individuals if a threshold dose or duration is exceeded.”

    From Drug-induced liver injury. Part I: Classification, diagnosis and treatment (2025) · cites this paper as [7]

Citations

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Research works printed but not linked: 33

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Metadata

Authors
Björnsson, H., & Björnsson, E.
Venue
European Journal of Internal Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-03
Volume
97
Pages
26-31
ISSN
0953-6205
DOI
10.1016/j.ejim.2021.10.035
Cited by
212
References
4
Language
en
Licence
Funders
National Institutes of Health

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