Cited by 117EEG and Brain-Computer InterfacesAttention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Neurofeedback: One of today's techniques in psychiatry?

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Arns, M., Batail, J.-M., Bioulac, S., Congedo, M., Daudet, C., Drapier, D., Fovet, T., Jardri, R. +6 more·2017·L'Encéphale

Abstract

Objectives Neurofeedback is a technique that aims to teach a subject to regulate a brain parameter measured by a technical interface to modulate his/her related brain and cognitive activities. However, the use of neurofeedback as a therapeutic tool for psychiatric disorders remains controversial. The aim of this review is to summarize and to comment the level of evidence of electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback and real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback for therapeutic application in psychiatry.Method Literature on neurofeedback and mental disorders but also on brain computer interfaces (BCI) used in the field of neurocognitive science has been considered by the group of expert of the Neurofeedback evaluation & training (NExT) section of the French Association of biological psychiatry and neuropsychopharmacology (AFPBN).Results Results show a potential efficacy of EEG-neurofeedback in the treatment of attentional-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, even if this is still debated. For other mental disorders, there is too limited research to warrant the use of EEG-neurofeedback in clinical practice. Regarding fMRI neurofeedback, the level of evidence remains too weak, for now, to justify clinical use. The literature review highlights various unclear points, such as indications (psychiatric disorders, pathophysiologic rationale), protocols (brain signals targeted, learning characteristics) and techniques (EEG, fMRI, signal processing).Conclusion The field of neurofeedback involves psychiatrists, neurophysiologists and researchers in the field of brain computer interfaces. Future studies should determine the criteria for optimizing neurofeedback sessions. A better understanding of the learning processes underpinning neurofeedback could be a key element to develop the use of this technique in clinical practice.

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Authors
Arns, M., Batail, J.-M., Bioulac, S., Congedo, M., Daudet, C., Drapier, D., Fovet, T., Jardri, R., Le-Van-Quyen, M., Lotte, F., Mehler, D., Micoulaud-Franchi, J.-A., Purper-Ouakil, D., & Vialatte, F.
Affiliations
  • Utrecht University (NL)
  • Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier (FR)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Université de Bordeaux (FR)
  • Centre Inria de l'université de Bordeaux (FR)
  • University of Münster (DE)
  • Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (FR)
Venue
L'Encéphale
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-04
Volume
43
Issue
2
Pages
135-145
ISSN
0013-7006 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2562701284
Cited by
117
References
123
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 4
FWCI
6.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Locations
  • L Encéphale (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-15-CE23-0013)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
neurofeedback, fMRI neurofeedback, brain-computer interface, mental illness, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, children, level of evidence, treatment efficacy, expert consensus recommendations, neuromodulation, cognitive modulation
MeSH terms
Mental Disorders, Brain, Brain Mapping, Electroencephalography, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychiatry, Neurofeedback

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