Dynamic supply adjustment and banking under uncertainty in an emission trading scheme: The market stability reserve
Open accessAbstract
We study the impact of a supply management mechanism (SMM) similar to the Market Stability Reserve proposed in 2015 which preserve the overall emissions cap and we comment on the recent cap-changing amendments. We provide an analytical description of the conditions under which an SMM alters the emissions abatement paths, affecting the expected length of the banking period and its variability. While abatement strategies of risk neutral firms solely depend on the former, for risk-averse firms changes in the latter would lead to higher risk premia, accelerated depletion of the bank and, consequently, further reduction of abatement and allowance prices. Cancellation of part of the reserve could partially outweigh the effect on risk premia sustaining allowance prices.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The MSR reduces liquidity in the short run, increasing the risk that the nonborrowing constraint becomes binding, leading to an increase in short-run price volatility.
“The MSR reduces liquidity in the short run, thereby increasing the risk that the nonborrowing constraint becomes binding, leading to an increase in short-run price volatility.”
From The Market Stability Reserve in the EU Emissions Trading System: A Critical Review (2023) · cites this paper as Kollenberg & Taschini (2019)
Changes in the probabilistic distribution of the length of the banking period induced by a reserve mechanism may lead to higher price variability.
“Notably, Kollenberg & Taschini (2019) expand their analysis to risk-averse firms and show that changes in the probabilistic distribution of the length of the banking period induced by a reserve mechanism may lead to higher price variability.”
From The Market Stability Reserve in the EU Emissions Trading System: A Critical Review (2023) · cites this paper as Kollenberg & Taschini (2019)
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A Model of Intertemporal Emission Trading, Banking, and Borrowing
Rubin, J. (1996) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1006/jeem.1996.0044 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Market Anticipations of Government Policies and the Price of Gold
Salant, S. W., & Henderson, D. W. (1978) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260702 · Cited by 435 · see citing works
Schennach, S. M. (2000) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1006/jeem.1999.1122 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Time-Varying Risk Premium in Large Cross-Sectional Equity Data Sets
Gagliardini, P., Ossola, E., & Olivier Scaillet, B. (2016) · Econometrica · doi:10.3982/ecta11069 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
Procrastinating reform: The impact of the market stability reserve on the EU ETS
Perino, G., & Willner, M. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2016.09.006 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Soft and hard price collars in a cap-and-trade system: A comparative analysis
Fell, H. G., Burtraw, D., Morgenstern, R. D., & Palmer, K. L. (2011) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2011.11.004 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Emissions trading systems with cap adjustments
Kollenberg, S., & Taschini, L. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2016.09.003 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationAlternative Approaches to Cost Containment in a Cap-and-Trade System
Fell, H. G., & Morgenstern, R. D. (2010) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1007/s10640-010-9377-2 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Cap-and-trade properties under different hybrid scheme designs
Grüll, G., & Taschini, L. (2010) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2010.09.001 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat ails the European Union׳s emissions trading system?
Salant, S. W. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2016.06.001 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Newell, R. G., & Pizer, W. A. (2008) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2008.07.001 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
The Efficiency and Robustness of Allowance Banking in the U.S. Acid Rain Program
Ellerman, A. D., & Montero, J. (2007) · The Energy Journal · doi:10.5547/issn0195-6574-ej-vol28-no4-3 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
After monetary policy, climate policy: is delegation the key to EU ETS reform?
Grosjean, G., Acworth, W. W., Flachsland, C., & Marschinski, R. (2014) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2014.965657 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Soft and Hard Price Collars in a Cap-and-Trade System: A Comparative AnalysisPreprint
Fell, H. G., Burtraw, D., Morgenstern, R. D., Palmer, K., & Preonas, L. (2010) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1610271 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Prices versus quantities versus bankable quantities
Fell, H. G., MacKenzie, I. A., & Pizer, W. A. (2012) · Resource and Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.05.004 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Comparing policies to confront permit over-allocation
Fell, H. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2016.01.001 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The timeline of trading frictions in the European carbon market
Medina, V., Pardo, Á., & Pascual, R. (2014) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2014.01.008 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
An Analysis of Allowance Banking in the EU ETSPreprint
Ellerman, A. D., Valero, V., & Zaklan, A. (2015) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2631964 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Liquidity and transaction costs in the European carbon futures market
Frino, A., Kruk, J., & Andrew Lepone, B. (2010) · Journal of Derivatives & Hedge Funds · doi:10.1057/jdhf.2010.8 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Business cycles and emission trading with banking
Lintunen, J., & Kuusela, O.-P. (2017) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2017.10.015 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Cap-and-trade programs under delayed compliance: Consequences of interim injections of permits
Hasegawa, M., & Salant, S. W. (2014) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2014.07.006 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Output-based allocations in pollution markets with uncertainty and self-selection
Meunier, G., Montero, J., & Ponssard, J. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2017.10.001 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Neuhoff, K., Acworth, W. W., Betz, R., Burtraw, D., Cludius, J., Fell, H. G., Hepbrun, C., Holt, C. A., Jotzo, F., Kollenberg, S., et al. (2015) · Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften digital collection (Zurich University of Applied Sciences) · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Dynamics of Pollution Permits
Hasegawa, M., & Salant, S. W. (2015) · Annual Review of Resource Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-100913-012507 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Aldy, J.E. , Hafstead, M. , Metcalf, G.E. , Murray, B.C. , Pizer, W.A. , Reichert, C. , Williams III, R.C. , 2017. Resolving the inherent uncertainty of carbon taxes. In: Proceedings of the Symposium Essays -41. Harvard Environmental Law Review .
- Gagliardini, P. , Ossola, E. , Scaillet, O. , 2016. Time-varying risk premium in large cross-sectional equidity datasets. Econometrica 84 (3), 985-1046 .
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Flachsland, C., Pahle, M., Burtraw, D., Edenhofer, O., Elkerbout, M., Fischer, C., Tietjen, O., & Zetterberg, L. (2019) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2019.1682494 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
What ails the European Union׳s emissions trading system?
Salant, S. W. (2016) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2016.06.001 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
“Carbon pricing” special issue in the European economic review
Hepburn, C. J., Stern, N. H., & Stiglitz, J. E. (2020) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103440 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
COVID-19 Tests the Market Stability Reserve
Gerlagh, R., Heijmans, R. J. R. K., & Rosendahl, K. E. (2020) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1007/s10640-020-00441-0 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Reviewing the Market Stability Reserve in light of more ambitious EU ETS emission targets
Osorio, S., Tietjen, O., Pahle, M., Pietzcker, R. C., & Edenhofer, O. (2021) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112530 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The Market Stability Reserve in the EU Emissions Trading System: A Critical Review
Borghesi, S., Pahle, M., Perino, G., Quemin, S., & Willner, M. (2023) · Annual Review of Resource Economics · doi:10.1146/annurev-resource-111820-030145 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“Finally, Mauer et al. (2020), using a model with path-dependent 9 Kollenberg & Taschini (2019) also develop a stochastic model for a formal analysis that is less amenable to quantitative simulations.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialEmissions trading with rolling horizons
Quemin, S., & Trotignon, R. (2021) · Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control · doi:10.1016/j.jedc.2021.104099 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Financials threaten to undermine the functioning of emissions markets
Quemin, S., & Pahle, M. (2023) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01560-w · Cited by 49 · see citing works
National and Sub-national Policies and Institutions
Change, I. P. O. C. (2023) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009157926.015 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
An endogenous emissions cap produces a green paradox
Gerlagh, R., Heijmans, R. J. R. K., & Rosendahl, K. E. (2021) · Economic Policy · doi:10.1093/epolic/eiab011 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The emerging endgame: The EU ETS on the road towards climate neutrality
Pahle, M., Quemin, S., Osorio, S., Günther, C., & Pietzcker, R. (2025) · Resource and Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2024.101476 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Carbon price floors and low-carbon investment: A survey of German firms
Ohlendorf, N., Flachsland, C., Nemet, G. F., & Steckel, J. C. (2022) · Energy Policy · doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113187 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Business Cycles and Environmental Policy: A Primer
Annicchiarico, B., Carattini, S., Fischer, C., & Heutel, G. (2022) · Environmental and Energy Policy and the Economy · doi:10.1086/717222 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Endogenizing the Cap in a Cap-and-Trade System: Assessing the Agreement on EU ETS Phase 4
Beck, U., & Kruse-Andersen, P. K. (2020) · Environmental and Resource Economics · doi:10.1007/s10640-020-00518-w · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Raising climate ambition in emissions trading systems: The case of the EU ETS and the 2021 review
Quemin, S. (2022) · Resource and Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2022.101300 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Business Cycles and Environmental Policy: Literature Review and Policy Implications
Annicchiarico, B., Carattini, S., Fischer, C., & Heutel, G. (2021) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w29032 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Shifting concerns for the EU ETS: are carbon prices becoming too high?
Gerlagh, R., Heijmans, R. J. R. K., & Einar Rosendahl, K. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac63d6 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Emerging Endgame: The EU ETS on the Road Towards Climate NeutralityPreprint
Pahle, M., Quemin, S., Osorio, S., Günther, C., & Pietzcker, R. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4373443 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Tietjen, O., Lessmann, K., & Pahle, M. (2021) · Resource and Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.reseneeco.2020.101214 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Reply: EU ETS and the waterbed effect
Perino, G. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0580-z · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Optimal dynamic regulation of carbon emissions market
Aïd, R., & Biagini, S. (2022) · Mathematical Finance · doi:10.1111/mafi.12364 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Adjustable emissions caps and the price of pollution
Heijmans, R. J. R. K. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102793 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Global Spillovers of US Climate Policy Risk: Evidence from EU Carbon Emissions Futures
Fields, M., & Lindequist, D. (2022) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107931 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Overlapping efforts in the EU Emissions Trading System
Herweg, F. (2020) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109323 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Christoph Böhringer, A., & Fischer, C. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102816 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
A general equilibrium approach to carbon permit banking
Dubois, L., Sahuc, J.-G., & Vermandel, G. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Economics and Management · doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2024.103076 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A Conceptual Review of Emission Trading Schemes: Lessons for Iran’s Energy Market
Modirzadeh, S. A., Abolghasemzadeh, H., & Nasseri, M. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research · doi:10.1007/s41742-024-00709-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Inman, M., Mastrandrea, M. D., & Cullenward, D. (2020) · Climate Policy · doi:10.1080/14693062.2020.1760774 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Market Design for the Environment
Estelle Cantillon, Z., & Slechten, A. (2023) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w31987 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Pro-cyclical emissions, real externalities, and optimal monetary policy
Giovanardi, F., & Kaldorf, M. (2025) · European Economic Review · doi:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2025.105124 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
On Market Power, Permit Banking Borrowing, and Interactions with the Firm’s Production Market
Huang, L., Zhu, B., Jiang, M., Wang, P., & Chevallier, J. (2022) · Environmental Modeling & Assessment · doi:10.1007/s10666-021-09808-z · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Tietjen, O., Lessmann, K., & Pahle, M. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3436736 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Effectiveness of the MSR in Stabilizing EU ETS Market and Incentivizing Low-Carbon InvestmentPreprint
Wu, L., Gong, Y., Wang, C., & Tang, W. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2369229/v1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Emissions Trading with Supply Adjustment Mechanisms and Market PowerPreprint
Brinker, T., Quemin, S., & Schoch, N. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5354164 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Carbon Neutrality and Net-Zero Regulation
Biagini, S. (2025) · SIAM Journal on Financial Mathematics · doi:10.1137/24m1701149 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Optimal dynamic regulation of carbon emissions market: A variational approachPreprint
Aïd, R., & Biagini, S. (2021) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Time Horizons and Emissions TradingPreprint
Heijmans, R. J. R. K., & Engström, M. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4280682 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Time Horizons and Emissions TradingPreprint
Heijmans, R. J. R. K., & Engström, M. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4703701 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Emerging Endgame: The EU Ets on the Road Towards Climate NeutralityPreprint
Pahle, M., Quemin, S., Osorio, S., Günther, C., & Pietzcker, R. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4707860 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Greenhouse Gas Exposure and The Financial Stability of Global Banking SystemsPreprint
Trinh, H. H., & Tran, P.-T. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5155127 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Optimal dynamic regulation of carbon emissions market: A variational approachPreprint
Aïd, R., & Biagini, S. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3792384
Alagha, M., Taha, A. Z., & Ismail, M. N. (2023) · Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication · doi:10.1108/gkmc-02-2023-0053
Trading volume-based regulation in cap-and-trade programmes: numeric analysis in South Korea
Yu, J., & Kim, J. (2025) · Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/00036846.2025.2504729
Leverage and the low-carbon transition in EuropePreprint
Giuzio, M., Kapadia, S., Salakhova, D., & Vozian, K. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.6401051
Modeling EUA price dynamics: A multistage PDE framework with Market Stability Reserve mechanisms
Chen, T.-F., Chiu, H., & Shen, C. (2026) · International Review of Economics & Finance · doi:10.1016/j.iref.2026.105626
Green-investment implementation lags and the design of adaptive emissions-intensity taxation
Guerrini, L., & Ragni, S. (2026) · Environmental Economics and Policy Studies · doi:10.1007/s10018-026-00491-6
- Authors
- Kollenberg, S., & Taschini, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Duisburg-Essen (DE)
- University of Verona (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Taschini, Luca
- ORCID
- Taschini, Luca
- Venue
- European Economic Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 118
- Pages
- 213-226
- ISSN
- 0014-2921 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2293366514
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 8.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- European Economic Review (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (acceptedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, London School of Economics and Political Science
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Stochastic processes and financial applications
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Capital Investment and Risk Analysis
- Keywords
- emissions trading, Market Stability Reserve, emission caps, allowance prices, risk premium, risk-averse firms, abatement strategies, uncertainty, EU Emissions Trading System
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review