Cited by 94Treatment of Major DepressionNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Involvement of NMDA receptors and l-arginine-nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway in the antidepressant-like effects of escitalopram in the forced swimming test

Zomkowski, Andréa D.E., Engel, Daiane, Gabilan, Nelson H., Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S.·2010·European Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

Escitalopram is a serotonin reuptake inhibitor used in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. This study investigated the effect of escitalopram in forced swimming test (FST) and in the tail suspension test (TST) in mice, and tested the hypothesis that the inhibition of NMDA receptors and NO-cGMP synthesis is implicated in its mechanism of action in the FST. Escitalopram administered by i.p. route reduced the immobility time both in the FST (0.3-10 mg/kg) and in the TST (0.1-10 mg/kg). Administration of escitalopram by p.o route (0.3-10 mg/kg) also reduced the immobility time in the FST. The antidepressant-like effect of escitalopram (3mg/kg, p.o.) in the FST was prevented by the pretreatment of mice with NMDA (0.1 pmol/site, i.c.v.), l-arginine (750 mg/kg, i.p., a substrate for nitric oxide synthase) or sildenafil (5mg/kg, i.p., a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor). The administration of 7-nitroindazole (50 mg/kg, i.p., a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), methylene blue (20 mg/kg, i.p., an inhibitor of both nitric oxide synthase and soluble guanylate cyclase) or ODQ (30 pmol/site i.c.v., a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor) in combination with a subeffective dose of escitalopram (0.1 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the immobility time in the FST as compared with either drug alone. None of the drugs produced significant effects on the locomotor activity in the open-field test. Altogether, our data suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of escitalopram is dependent on inhibition of either NMDA receptors or NO-cGMP synthesis. The results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the antidepressant-like effect of escitalopram and reinforce the role of NMDA receptors and l-arginine-NO-GMP pathway in the mechanism of action of antidepressant agents.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.07.011

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Authors
Zomkowski, A. D. E., Engel, D., Gabilan, N. H., & Rodrigues, A. L. S.
Affiliations
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BR)
Corresponding author
Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S.
Venue
European Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-11
Volume
20
Issue
11
Pages
793-801
ISSN
0924-977X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2017540151
Cited by
94
References
59
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 17
FWCI
7.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
escitalopram, antidepressant mechanism, NMDA receptor, nitric oxide, L-arginine, NO-cGMP pathway, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, depression, forced swim test, tail suspension test, 7-nitroindazole, sildenafil, methylene blue, ODQ, locomotor activity
MeSH terms
Animals, Arginine, Depression, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Cyclic GMP, Nitric Oxide, Swimming, Citalopram, Signal Transduction, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation, Hindlimb Suspension, Mice

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