Cited by 92Treatment of Major DepressionTryptophan and brain disordersNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Acute atorvastatin treatment exerts antidepressant-like effect in mice via the l-arginine–nitric oxide–cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway and increases BDNF levels

Ludka, Fabiana K., Zomkowski, Andréa D.E., Cunha, Mauricio P., Dal-Cim, Tharine, Zeni, Ana Lúcia B., Rodrigues, Ana Lúcia S., Tasca, Carla I.·2013·European Neuropsychopharmacology

Abstract

Atorvastatin is a synthetic and lipophilic statin that presents a good effect in decreasing cholesterol levels and is safe and well tolerated. Population-based studies have suggested a positive role of statins in reducing depression risk. This study aimed at investigating the atorvastatin effect in the tail suspension test (TST) and in the forced swimming test (FST). The participation of NMDA receptors and L-arginine-NO-cGMP in an atorvastatin antidepressant-like effect in the TST was evaluated. Acute atorvastatin administration (0.1-30 mg/kg) reduced the immobility time both in TST and FST. A similar effect was observed by using imipramine as a positive control in the TST and FST (1 and 0.1-1 mg/kg, p.o., respectively). An atorvastatin (0.1 mg/kg) antidepressant-like effect was prevented by the pretreatment of mice with NMDA (0.1 pmol/site, i.c.v.), L-arginine (750 mg/kg, i.p.) or sildenafil (5 mg/kg, i.p.). The administration of MK-801 (0.001 mg/kg, i.p.), ketamine (0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), 7-nitroindazole (50 mg/kg, i.p.), methylene blue (20 mg/kg, i.p.), or ODQ (30 pmol/site i.c.v.) in combination with a subeffective dose of atorvastatin (0.01 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the immobility time in the TST compared to drugs alone, showing the participation of the pathway L-arginine-NO-cGMP. The administration of drugs did not produce any significant alteration in locomotor activity in the open-field test. Acute atorvastatin treatment (0.1-10.0 mg/kg, v.o.) increased the hippocampal BDNF levels, which is an effect that has not been observed in imipramine-treated mice. These results demonstrate that atorvastatin exerts an antidepressant-like effect and point to dependence on the inhibition of NMDA receptors and NO-cGMP synthesis, and on the increase of hippocampal BDNF levels.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.05.005

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Authors
Ludka, F. K., Zomkowski, A. D. E., Cunha, M. P., Dal-Cim, T., Zeni, A. L. B., Rodrigues, A. L. S., & Tasca, C. I.
Affiliations
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BR)
Corresponding author
Tasca, Carla I.
Venue
European Neuropsychopharmacology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-05
Volume
23
Issue
5
Pages
400-412
ISSN
0924-977X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1999714210
Cited by
92
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI
6.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • European Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Keywords
atorvastatin, statins, antidepressant-like effects, depression, L-arginine, nitric oxide, cyclic GMP, NMDA receptor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, hippocampus, tail suspension test, forced swim test, imipramine, locomotor activity
MeSH terms
Atorvastatin, Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Arginine, Depression, Cyclic GMP, Heptanoic Acids, Male, Nitric Oxide, Pyrroles, Signal Transduction, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Mice

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