Exercise training protects against aging-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in mouse skeletal muscle in a PGC-1α dependent manner
Abstract
Aging is associated with impaired mitochondrial function, whereas exercise training enhances mitochondrial content and function in part through activation of PGC-1α. Mitochondria form dynamic networks regulated by fission and fusion with profound effects on mitochondrial functions, yet the effects of aging and exercise training on mitochondrial network structure remain unclear. This study examined the effects of aging and exercise training on mitochondrial network structure using confocal microscopy on mitochondria-specific stains in single muscle fibers from PGC-1α KO and WT mice. Hyperfragmentation of mitochondrial networks was observed in aged relative to young animals while exercise training normalized mitochondrial network structure in WT, but not in PGC-1α KO. Mitochondrial fission protein content (FIS1 and DRP1) relative to mitochondrial content was increased with aging in both WT and PGC-1α KO mice, while exercise training lowered mitochondrial fission protein content relative to mitochondrial content only in WT. Mitochondrial fusion protein content (MFN1/2 and OPA1) was unaffected by aging and lifelong exercise training in both PGC-1α KO and WT mice. The present results provide evidence that exercise training rescues aging-induced mitochondrial fragmentation in skeletal muscle by suppressing mitochondrial fission protein expression in a PGC-1α dependent manner.
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Age-related declines in MFN2, together with mitochondrial fragmentation and fission machinery in muscle, indicate inefficient mitophagic flux in aging muscle.
“Age-related declines in MFN2 (mitofusin 2), which is associated with macroautophagy and mitophagy [492], together with mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial fission machinery in muscle, indicate inefficient mitophagic flux in aging muscle [493].”
From Autophagy and ALS: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications (2022) · cites this paper as [493]
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Miro1 mediates skeletal muscle insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes
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- Authors
- Halling, J. F., Ringholm, S., Olesen, J., Prats, C., & Pilegaard, H.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Halling, Jens Frey
- Venue
- Experimental Gerontology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-10
- Volume
- 96
- Pages
- 1-6
- ISSN
- 0531-5565 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2621035150
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Experimental Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Sundhed og Sygdom, Det Frie Forskningsråd (4181-00078)
- Danish Diabetes Academy
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (7825)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- exercise training, aging, mitochondrial fragmentation, mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial fusion, PGC-1α, skeletal muscle, Fis1, Drp1, OPA1
- MeSH terms
- Autophagy-Related Proteins, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha, Aging, Animals, Female, Mitochondria, Muscle, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Mice, Knockout, Mitochondrial Proteins, Mitochondrial Diseases
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