Candida albicans autophagy, no longer a bystander: Its role in tolerance to ER stress-related antifungal drugs
Abstract
Autophagy is a degradation process involved in pathogenicity of many pathogenic fungi. However, its roles in Candida albicans, the leading fungal pathogen in human beings, remain to be detailed. Most recently, we found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducing conditions led to transcriptional up-regulation of C. albicans autophagy-related (ATG) genes, implying a possible link between autophagy and ER stress response in this pathogen. Using a series of C. albicans ATG mutants and autophagy reporting systems, we found that both treatment of ER stress-related drugs and loss of the ER calcium pump Spf1 promoted autophagic flux of Atg8 and Lap41 (a homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ape1), indicating that these conditions induce autophagy. Moreover, deletion of ATG genes in the spf1Δ/Δ mutant rendered cells hypersensitive to these drugs and caused activation of UPR, revealing a role of autophagy in alleviating ER stress. In addition, only treatment of tunicamycin and loss of Spf1 in combination increased autophagic flux of the ER component Sec63, suggesting that most of the ER stress-related conditions cause non-selective autophagy rather than selective ER phagy. This study uncovers the important role of C. albicans autophagy in ER stress response and tolerance to antifungal drugs.
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Autophagy is important in the tolerance of pathogenic fungi to nutrient starvation.
“Autophagy is important in the tolerance of pathogenic fungi to nutrient starvation (31).”
From Combined Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis Reveals That the Potent Antifungal Pyrylium Salt Inhibits Mitochondrial Complex I in Candida albicans (2023) · cites this paper as [31]
Damage to membranes can induce cell lysis or autophagy.
“Damage to the membranes can induce cell lysis or autophagy, the latter being a self-degrading process that can be also be directly induced by some antifungals [92].”
From Antimicrobial Properties of Antidepressants and Antipsychotics—Possibilities and Implications (2021) · cites this paper as [92]
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- Authors
- Yu, Q., Jia, C., Dong, Y., Zhang, B., Xiao, C., Chen, Y., Wang, Y., Li, X., Wang, L., Zhang, B., & Li, M.
- Affiliations
- Nankai University (CN)
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Mingchun
- ORCID
- Venue
- Fungal Genetics and Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-08
- Volume
- 81
- Pages
- 238-249
- ISSN
- 1087-1845 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2004367369
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Fungal Genetics and Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, antifungal drug tolerance, unfolded protein response, autophagy-related genes, autophagic flux, ER-phagy, tunicamycin, SEC63
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Autophagy, Candida albicans, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Gene Deletion
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Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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