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Phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and health benefits of citrus peel
Abstract
Citrus peel (CP) forms around 40-50% of the total fruit mass but is generally thought to be a waste. However, it is a substantial source of naturally occurring health enhancing compounds, particularly phenolic compounds and carotenoids. Phenolic compounds in CP mainly comprise phenolic acids (primarily caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acid), flavanones (generally naringin and hesperidin) and polymethoxylated flavones (notably nobiletin and tangeretin). It has also been noted that CP's contain more amounts of these compounds than corresponding edible parts of the fruits. Phenolic compounds present in CP act as antioxidants (by either donation of protons or electrons) and protect cells against free radical damage as well as help in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases. Owing to the more abundance of polyphenols in CP's, their antioxidant activity is also higher than other edible fruit parts. Therefore, peels from citrus fruits can be used as sources of functional compounds and preservatives for the development of newer food products, that are not only safe but also have health-promoting activities. The present review provides in-depth knowledge about the phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and health benefits of CP.
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“These fractions are rich sources of many bioactive compounds, such as dietary fiber (pectin, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin), minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, and selenium), organic acids (citric, oxalic, and malic acids), vitamins (vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin), phenolic acids (chlorogenic, ferulic, and sinapic acids), flavonoids (hesperidin, narirutin, didymin, hespe”
From Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry (2023) · cites this paper as [168]
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“Currently, agricultural residues, such as citrus peel [16] and cocoa husk [17], are the focus of research because they may contain large amounts of bioactive compounds that are beneficial to human health and can be exploited instead of being wasted [18].”
BackgroundPlant Fortification of the Diet for Anti-Ageing Effects: A Review
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Value‐Added Products from Fruit and Vegetable Wastes: A Review
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“Future studies should aim to validate our findings and compare them to the flavonoid content within dried citrus peel extracts.”
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“aurantium albedo further improved the phenolic profile of fortified breads due to the enrichment with flavonoids such as naringin and neohesperidin exhibiting a number of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antidiabetic properties [29,87].”
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Lemon Oils Attenuate the Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Quorum Sensing Inhibition
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“These valuable by-products could be sources of preservatives and functional compounds and can be used to develop innovative food products that are safe and with health-promoting activities [3].”
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“In a recent review by Singh et al. (2020) highlighted the phenolic composition, antioxidant activity and higher contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the citrus peel including ferulic, sinapic and p-coumaric acid and polymethoxylated flavones (nobiletin and tangeretin).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, B., Singh, J. P., Kaur, A., & Singh, N.
- Affiliations
- Guru Nanak Dev University (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Kaur, Amritpal
- Venue
- Food Research International
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-06
- Volume
- 132
- Pages
- 109114
- ISSN
- 0963-9969 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3007656257
- Cited by
- 711
- References
- 165
- Citations by year
- 2026: 77 · 2025: 129 · 2024: 160 · 2023: 124 · 2022: 120 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 20
- FWCI
- 7.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Food Research International (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Science and Engineering Research Board
- University Grants Commission
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India (38(1419)/16/EMR-II)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Bioactive Compounds in Plants
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Agricultural and Biological Research
- Keywords
- citrus peel, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, phenolic acids, flavanones, naringin, hesperidin, nobiletin, tangeretin, carotenoids, free radical scavenging, functional food ingredients, food preservatives, health benefits, fruit waste valorization
- MeSH terms
- Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Citrus, Coumaric Acids, Fruit, Hesperidin, Phenols, Plant Extracts, Flavanones, Flavones, Polyphenols, Hydroxybenzoates
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