Food safety-related perspectives and practices of consumers and vendors in Ethiopia: A scoping review.

Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.

The MMAT allows for simultaneous quality appraisal of multiple study types including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies and hence is considered appropriate for this review.

“The MMAT allows for simultaneous quality appraisal of multiple study types including qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies and hence is considered appropriate for this review.”

• cites Hong et al., 2018 sourceSupported

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

The review followed the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), further developed by Levac et al. (2010), and integrates aspects of a full systematic review to improve replicability and comprehensiveness.

“It followed the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), further developed by Levac et al. (2010), and integrates aspects of a full systematic review to improve replicability and comprehensiveness.”

• cites Arksey and O'Malley (2005) sourceSupported
• cites Levac et al. (2010) sourceSupported

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

This scoping review is aligned with the PRISMA-ScR checklist and guidelines to ensure robust and replicable process.

“This scoping review is aligned with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) (Tricco et al., 2018) checklist and guidelines to ensure robust and replicable process.”

• cites Tricco et al., 2018 sourceSupported

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Articles published in national or international journals were appraised for methodological quality independently by two reviewers using MMAT, 2018 version.

“Articles published in national or international journals were appraised for methodological quality independently by two reviewers using MMAT, 2018 version (Hong et al., 2018).”

• cites Hong et al., 2018 sourceSupported

It may state two separate claims as one.

Two studies explored consumer willingness-to-pay for quality and safety attributes, and four studies assessed how perceptions influence practices.

“Two studies explored consumer willingness-to-pay for quality and safety attributes, and four studies (consumer-focused: n = 2; consumers and vendors: n= 2) assessed how perceptions influence practices (Amenu et al., 2019;Ayza & Yilma, 2014;Tolosa et al., 2016;Trübswasser et al., 2020).”

• cites Amenu et al., 2019 sourceSupported
• cites Ayza & Yilma, 2014Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

• cites Tolosa et al., 2016 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

It may state two separate claims as one.

Street food establishments and restaurants have been labelled as high risk for occurrences of foodborne illness in Sub-Saharan Africa and in high-income countries such as the United States.

“these common outlets for ready-to-eat foods have been labelled as high risk for occurrences of foodborne illness in Sub-Saharan Africa (Morse, Masuku, Rippon, & Kubwalo, 2018) as well as in high-income countries such as the United States (Insfran-Rivarola et al., 2020).”

• cites Morse, Masuku, Rippon, & Kubwalo, 2018 sourcePartly supported

  In the section on responsibilities for food premises (page unavailable), the paper lists restaurants among premises that are potentially high risk in its Malawi analysis. Section 4.2 also links informal markets to foodborne-disease concerns, but it does not specifically label street-food establishments as high risk or establish that classification across Sub-Saharan Africa. The United States portion of the sentence is attributed to a different source. (LLM, conf=0.85)

  Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
• cites Insfran-Rivarola et al., 2020 sourcePartly supported

  The Discussion (§4.1; page unavailable) describes restaurants as a recurrent source of foodborne illness outbreaks, supporting the restaurant-risk point. It does not locate that finding in the United States or label street food establishments as high-risk for outbreaks. The Sub-Saharan Africa portion is attributed to a different citation, not this source. (LLM, conf=0.85)

  Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

It may state two separate claims as one.

The reviewed studies suggest a congruence in consumers' and vendors' understanding of food choice motives, the use of physical attributes for assessing quality and safety of animal-source foods, and applying practices that eliminated or reduced the risk or level of concern they had about food safety.

“Interestingly, the reviewed studies also suggest a congruence in consumers' and vendors' understanding of food choice motives, the use of physical attributes for assessing quality and safety of animal-source foods, and applying practices that eliminated or reduced the risk or level of concern they had about food safety (Amenu et al., 2019;Dewe, 2014;Melesse et al., 2019).”

• cites Amenu et al., 2019 sourcePartly supported

  Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

  Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
• cites Dewe, 2014 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source
• cites Melesse et al., 2019Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Four studies featured multiple territories.

“One hundred twelve studies examined a sample within just one Ethiopian regional state or chartered city, and four studies featured multiple territories.”

Probably not a substantial claim.

116 relevant studies were identified through a well-defined search.

“116 relevant studies were identified through a well-defined search.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

A total of 4704 records were identified, of which 116 studies were included in the data synthesis.

“A total of 4704 records were identified, of which 116 studies were included in the data synthesis (Figure 1)( Supplementary Table 2).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Twenty-eight studies, with a particular focus on vendors, isolated a range of intestinal pathogens from food handlers, with Salmonella typhi, Salmonella spp, Shigella, Escherichia coli, Entaemoeba histolytica/dispar, and Ascaris lumbricoides being the most frequently isolated.

“Twenty-eight studies, with a particular focus on vendors, isolated a range of intestinal pathogens from food handlers, with Salmonella typhi, Salmonella spp, Shigella, Escherichia coli, Entaemoeba histolytica/dispar, and Ascaris lumbricoides being the most frequently isolated.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Training also seemed to positively affect adoption of most practices but only in short term.

“Training also seemed to positively affect adoption of most practices but only in short term.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Two studies focused on adulteration, and one study each focused on aflatoxin contamination, zoonotic disease (brucellosis), and fungal pathogens.

“Two studies focused on adulteration, and one study each focused on aflatoxin contamination, zoonotic disease (brucellosis), and fungal pathogens.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

While attitude seemed to improve post-training, this change was not sustained over time, and training was unable to address attitudes that had deep cultural roots.

“In contrast, while attitude seemed to improve post-training, this change was not sustained over time, and training was unable to address attitudes that had deep cultural roots -such as the local belief that milk should be boiled before feeding to children to prevent milk curd forming in their stomachs.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Thirty-four studies sought to assess an association between microbial contamination, intestinal parasites or enteropathogens, and practices and identified one or more significant associations.

“Thirty-four studies sought to assess an association between microbial contamination, intestinal parasites or enteropathogens, and practices and identified one or more significant associations.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Six studies explored factors associated with food safety practices and found a positive association with better knowledge (n = 2), positive attitude (n = 1), food safety training (n = 2), regular medical check-ups (n = 3), sanitation inspection (n = 1), and education (n = 2).

“Six studies explored factors associated with food safety practices and found a positive association with better knowledge (n = 2), positive attitude (n = 1), food safety training (n = 2), regular medical check-ups (n = 3), sanitation inspection (n = 1), and education (n = 2).”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

Mixed-methods were employed by three studies, using methods and measures used by the quantitative-only and qualitative-only studies.

“Mixed-methods were employed by three studies, using methods and measures used by the quantitative-only and qualitative-only studies.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Twenty-nine studies investigated the carriage of foodborne hazards by food handlers via stool analysis, and three studies used swab analysis for hands and/or clothes.

“Twenty-nine studies investigated the carriage of foodborne hazards by food handlers via stool analysis, and three studies used swab analysis for hands and/or clothes.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Three studies reported food handlers carrying Shigella, Salmonella, or Escherichia coli in their hands and/or clothes, while three studies reported contamination of the food handling equipment such as knives, chopping boards, or scales.

“Three studies reported food handlers carrying Shigella, Salmonella, or Escherichia coli in their hands and/or clothes, while three studies reported contamination of the food handling equipment such as knives, chopping boards, or scales.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

More than half the studies (n = 67) included a combination of practice with knowledge (n = 48) or attitude (n = 19), whereas only a few studies (n = 20) examined the triad of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP).

“More than half the studies (n = 67) included a combination of practice with knowledge (n = 48) or attitude (n = 19), whereas only a few studies (n = 20) examined the triad of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

On the whole, the quality of the research was rated as low, with only nine studies assessed to be of high quality and eight as above-average quality.

“On the whole, the quality of the research was rated as low, with only nine studies assessed to be of high quality and eight as above-average quality (Supplementary Table 6).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Most studies used similar themes as those in the studies focused solely on vendors or and consumers and reported comparable concerns for food safety.

“Most studies used similar themes as those in the studies focused solely on vendors or and consumers and reported comparable concerns for food safety.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Dewe et al. (2014) revealed that producers and vendors used sensorial physical attributes (such as color, smell, and consistency) to assess quality and safety of meat and milk and considered people who bought their products to have similar quality and safety perceptions.

“Dewe et al. (2014) revealed that producers and vendors used sensorial physical attributes (such as color, smell, and consistency) to assess quality and safety of meat and milk and considered people who bought their products to have similar quality and safety perceptions.”

• cites Dewe et al. (2014) sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

It may state two separate claims as one.

While there were differences in consumer views on price as an indicator of quality and safety for meat, milk, and butter, the researchers concluded that most consumers were willing to pay up to 15% more for safe and quality food.

“While there were differences in consumer views on price as an indicator of quality and safety for meat, milk, and butter, the researchers concluded that most consumers were willing to pay up to 15% more for safe and quality food.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Food service establishments (such as cafeterias, restaurants, hotels, and juice bars) were the most examined outlets (n = 41), followed by abattoirs and butcher shops (n = 16), university cafeterias (n = 15), local markets (n = 13), and street vending sites (n = 11).

“Food service establishments (such as cafeterias, restaurants, hotels, and juice bars) were the most examined outlets (n = 41), followed by abattoirs and butcher shops (n = 16), university cafeterias (n = 15), local markets (n = 13), and street vending sites (n = 11).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Of these, 34 studies assessed microbial quality of foods, with a focus on animal-source foods (n=16), fruits and vegetables (n=10), and ready-to-eat foods (n=8).

“Of these, 34 studies assessed microbial quality of foods, with a focus on animal-source foods (n=16), fruits and vegetables (n=10), and ready-to-eat foods (n=8).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The most-examined food safety hazards or issues were generic foodborne illness, food pathogens, or food poisoning (n = 46); microbial contamination with bacteria and parasites (n=36); and oral-fecal parasites (n = 8).

“The most-examined food safety hazards or issues were generic foodborne illness, food pathogens, or food poisoning (n = 46); microbial contamination with bacteria and parasites (n=36); and oral-fecal parasites (n = 8).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Overall, awareness about foodborne diseases and zoonotic diseases and concerns about chemical contamination or adulteration were relatively low.

“Overall, awareness about foodborne diseases and zoonotic diseases and concerns about chemical contamination or adulteration were relatively low.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Fifty-three studies examined food safety-related knowledge or awareness while 19 studies examined attitudes or beliefs.

“Fifty-three studies examined food safety-related knowledge or awareness while 19 studies examined attitudes or beliefs.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Of the 76 studies reporting gender, 72 included both men and women, three included only women, and one included only men.

“Of these, 72 studies included both men and women, three included only women, and one included only men.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The populations in consumer studies varied widely and included students (n = 2), mothers (n = 2), and households (n = 3).

“The populations varied widely and included students (n = 2), mothers (n = 2), and households, with no further descriptors provided for the respondents (n = 3).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The existing body of work points to a clear recognition of poor microbial quality of foods in Ethiopia, with most studies focusing on animal-source foods (predominantly milk and meat).

“The existing body of work points to a clear recognition of poor microbial quality of foods in Ethiopia, with most studies focusing on animal-source foods (predominantly milk and meat).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Practices related to food safety featured prominently in the studies (n = 102) and included aspects such as personal and environmental hygiene (n = 68), sanitation (n = 12), and food handling (n = 17).

“Practices related to food safety featured prominently in the studies (n = 102) and included aspects such as personal and environmental hygiene (n = 68), sanitation (n = 12), and food handling (n = 17).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

All the articles featured cross-sectional study designs and used at least two measurement methods: questionnaire-based surveys, face-to-face structured interviews, direct observations or observation checklists, and objective measures.

“All the articles featured cross-sectional study designs and used at least two measurement methods: questionnaire-based surveys, face-to-face structured interviews, direct observations or observation checklists, and objective measures.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Two studies examined food handlers' hands and clothes as well as food handling equipment and confirmed the high level of contamination.

“Two studies examined food handlers' hands and clothes as well as food handling equipment and confirmed the high level of contamination.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The remaining two consumer studies assessed consumer perceptions of the safety or quality of animal-source foods, milk, and meat, milk, and butter; lack of quality control, inspection, and regulated standards were cited as reasons for adulteration or unsafe foods.

“The remaining two studies assessed consumer perceptions of the safety or quality of animal-source foods, milk, and meat, milk, and butter; lack of quality control, inspection, and regulated standards were cited as reasons for adulteration or unsafe foods.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Half of the included studies examined multiple outlet types, while five studies did not mention any specific focus.

“Half of the included studies examined multiple outlet types, while five studies did not mention any specific focus.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The review of microbial quality of animal-source foods (n = 16), fruits and vegetables (n = 10), and ready-to-eat foods (n = 8) identified high levels of bacterial contamination, with Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus most frequently isolated.

“The review of microbial quality of animal-source foods (n = 16), fruits and vegetables (n = 10), and ready-to-eat foods (n = 8) identified high levels of bacterial contamination, with Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus most frequently isolated.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Four studies used qualitative descriptive methods to investigate food safety and employed a combination of approaches, including semi-structured interviews, structured in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal, informal discussions, direct observation, or the photovoice method.

“Four studies used qualitative descriptive methods to investigate food safety and employed a combination of approaches, including semi-structured interviews, structured in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal, informal discussions, direct observation, or the photovoice method.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Seventy-six studies reported on the gender of the study participants.

“Seventy-six studies reported on the gender of the study participants.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Nearly all studies reported on practices (n = 91), while 38 studies reported on knowledge and 11 studies reported on attitudes related to food safety.

“Nearly all studies reported on practices (n = 91), while 38 studies reported on knowledge and 11 studies reported on attitudes related to food safety.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

While detailed analysis based on gender was lacking, there appeared to be distinctive gender roles associated with food handling: males dominated food handling in abattoirs and butcher shops, while all other outlets had predominantly female food handlers/vendors.

“While detailed analysis based on gender was lacking, there appeared to be distinctive gender roles associated with food handling.Males dominated food handling in abattoirs and butcher shops, while all other outlets had predominantly female food handlers/ vendors.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Fifteen studies examined food safety perspectives and practices among both consumers and vendors, using quantitative descriptive methods (n=10), qualitative designs (n = 2), and mixed-methods approach (n = 3).

“Fifteen studies examined food safety perspectives and practices among both consumers and vendors, using quantitative descriptive methods (n=10), qualitative designs (n = 2), and mixedmethods approach (n = 3).”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Overall, the studies measured a wide range of outcome indicators and metrics and had several methodological constraints: unclear research questions, unclear sampling strategy or representativeness of samples, instruments and/or methods not pre-tested or standardized/ validated, missing information on response rates and potential sources of bias, unclear analysis approach, and insufficiently subst

“Overall, the studies measured a wide range of outcome indicators and metrics and had several methodological constraints: unclear research questions, unclear sampling strategy or representativeness of samples, instruments and/or methods not pre-tested or standardized/ validated, missing information on response rates and potential sources of bias, unclear analysis approach, and insufficiently subst”

It may state two separate claims as one.

A face-to-face training that delivered locally tailored content improved the knowledge of pastoral women, an effect that was also present after six months, suggesting that knowledge can be sustained at least in the medium term.

“The authors found that a face-to-face training that delivered locally tailored content improved the knowledge of pastoral women, an effect that was also present after six months, suggesting that knowledge can be sustained at least in the medium term.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.

This scoping review highlights a rapidly growing body of food safety literature in Ethiopia.

“This scoping review highlights a rapidly growing body of food safety literature in Ethiopia.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The studies included in this review also lacked theoretical underpinning and simply reported knowledge, attitudes, and/or practices of the populations under study.

“The studies included in this review also lacked theoretical underpinning and simply reported knowledge, attitudes, and/or practices of the populations under study.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Lack of adequate training, lack of water and sanitation facilities, lack of equipment/resources, lack of incentives, and insufficient supervision and compliance checks were repeatedly reported by the studies reviewed.

“Lack of adequate training, lack of water and sanitation facilities, lack of equipment/ resources, lack of incentives, and insufficient supervision and compliance checks were repeatedly reported by the studies reviewed here.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

Significant associations were derived from studies on vendors (n=33) and vendors and consumers (n=1).

“Based on significant associations derived from studies on vendors (n=33), and vendors and consumers (n=1).”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Articles were published from January 2007 to July 2021.

“Articles were published from January 2007 to July 2021”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.

This is the first scoping review focusing exclusively on the food safety-related perspectives and practices of consumers and vendors in Ethiopia.

“This is the first scoping review focusing exclusively on the food safety-related perspectives and practices of consumers and vendors in Ethiopia.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The included studies comprised 116 studies: 94 on vendors, 7 on consumers, and 15 on both.

“Number | 116 | 94 | 7 | 15”

It may state two separate claims as one.

The majority of the studies reviewed utilized a cross-sectional survey design, often using a variety of questionnaires, which did not appear to be pre-tested, validated, or tested for reliability prior to use.

“The majority of the studies reviewed utilized a cross-sectional survey design, often using a variety of questionnaires, which did not appear to be pre-tested, validated, or tested for reliability prior to use.”

Probably not a substantial claim.

Many of the studies the review uncovered were not of high quality.

“as many of the studies the review uncovered were not of high quality”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

For all eligible studies, information was extracted in a standardized review form by both reviewers.

“For all eligible studies, information was extracted in a standardized review form by both reviewers with a focus on population(s), specific food(s), specific retail outlet(s), aspects assessed, and main results related to consumer and/or vendor populations.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Quality scores were not used to include or exclude studies but rather to describe the quality of available evidence as part of the mapping component of this review.

“Quality scores were not used to include or exclude studies but rather to describe the quality of available evidence as part of the mapping component of this review.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

These forms were piloted by the reviewers on five articles and refined, in consultation with the third reviewer, to ensure all the relevant data were adequately captured.

“These forms were piloted by the reviewers on five articles and refined, in consultation with the third reviewer, to ensure all the relevant data were adequately captured.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

A third reviewer was consulted in case of lack of consensus between the reviewers.

“A third reviewer was consulted in case of lack of consensus between the reviewers.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

Both reviewers discussed the appraisal scores, and, in case of difference, the question was rated as 'no' (2) or 'can't tell' (3).

“Both reviewers discussed the appraisal scores, and, in case of difference, the question was rated as 'no' (2) or 'can't tell' (3).”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

The screening for all identified studies was done by two independent researchers, and conflicts were adjudicated by the third reviewer.

“The screening for all identified studies was done by two independent researchers, and conflicts were adjudicated by the third reviewer.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review protocol is registered and published on Open Science Framework (OSF): DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/7JEMA.

“The review protocol is registered and published on Open Science Framework (OSF): DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/7JEMA (available at https://osf.io/7jema/).”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.

Searches were carried out by two independent researchers, in consultation with a third researcher.

“Searches were carried out by two independent researchers, in consultation with a third researcher.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

A virtual consultation workshop was organized with two Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) stakeholders in Ethiopia to share the preliminary findings of this scoping review.

“a virtual consultation workshop was organized with two Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) stakeholders in Ethiopia to share the preliminary findings of this scoping review.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The screening protocol was piloted on five articles to ensure consistency.

“The screening protocol was piloted on five articles to ensure consistency.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

Many LMICs have failed to effectively engage consumers on food safety and to empower or incentivize the private sector to deliver safer food.

“many LMICs have failed to effectively engage consumers on food safety and to empower or incentivize the private sector to deliver safer food (Jaffee et al., 2018).”

• cites Jaffee et al., 2018Not matched

  Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

It may state two separate claims as one.

While correlative, evidence also suggests that practices of food handlers across the post-farm value chain are related to increased contamination of foods, which can put consumers at increased risk of foodborne diseases.

“While correlative, evidence also suggests that practices of food handlers across the post-farm value chain are related to increased contamination of foods, which can put consumers at increased risk of foodborne diseases.”

It may state two separate claims as one.

A global review of vendor research found that most had no significant difference between knowledge and practice-primarily because both knowledge and practices were found to be poor-but that where a difference existed, it favored knowledge.

“A global review of vendor research found that most had no significant difference between knowledge and practice -primarily because both knowledge and practices were found to be poor -but that where a difference existed, it favored knowledge (Wallace et al., 2022).”

• cites Wallace et al., 2022 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

It may state two separate claims as one.

Food safety knowledge or attitudes were found to be adequate or satisfactory, suggesting a gap in translation of knowledge and attitudes into practice, possibly from bias due to social desirability.

“Food safety knowledge or attitudes were found to be adequate or satisfactory, suggesting a gap in translation of knowledge and attitudes into practice, possibly from bias due to social desirability (tendency to underreport socially undesirable attitudes and practices, and to over report more desirable attributes) (Jespersen, MacLaurin, & Vlerick, 2017).”

• cites Jespersen, MacLaurin, & Vlerick, 2017 sourceNot checked — no full text of the source

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The 116 articles included in this scoping review constitute an active and growing body of research on consumer and vendor perspectives and practices related to food safety in Ethiopia.

“The 116 articles included in this scoping review constitute an active and growing body of research on consumer and vendor perspectives and practices related to food safety in Ethiopia.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

Websites of FAO, IFPRI, WHO, World Bank, ILRI, WTO, and EC were also searched using the same key search terms.

“Websites of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), World Health Organization, The World Bank, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), World Trade Organization (WTO), and European Commission (EC) were also searched using the same key search terms.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review consulted local experts to contextualize and translate findings into actionable recommendations.

“consultation with local experts to contextualize and translate findings into actionable recommendations”

Probably not a substantial claim.

Another drawback of the (structured) survey designs employed by majority of the studies here is that it is constrained in its ability to provide deep insights into the beliefs, barriers, and motivations/incentives that can influence the translation of knowledge to practice.

“Another drawback of the (structured) survey designs employed by majority of the studies here is that it is constrained in its ability to provide deep insights into the beliefs, barriers, and motivations/ incentives that can influence the translation of knowledge to practice.”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review conducted design-specific quality appraisal of the included articles.

“design-specific quality appraisal of the included articles”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review used the PRISMA-ScR guidelines to ensure a robust and replicable process.

“the use of the PRISMA-ScR guidelines to ensure a robust and replicable process”

Probably not a substantial claim.

The review included and compared quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods articles.

“the inclusion and comparison of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods articles”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review set English language as a limit for its search.

“we set English language as a limit for our search”

Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.

The review used three electronic databases supplemented with grey literature from high-quality institutions to capture the breadth and depth of publications.

“the use of three electronic databases supplemented with grey literature from high-quality institutions to capture the breadth and depth of (peer-reviewed) publications”