CYP2E1 and oxidative liver injury by alcohol
Open accessAbstract
Ethanol-induced oxidative stress seems to play a major role in mechanisms by which ethanol causes liver injury. Many pathways have been suggested to contribute to the ability of ethanol to induce a state of oxidative stress. One central pathway seems to be the induction of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) by ethanol. CYP2E1 metabolizes and activates many toxicological substrates, including ethanol, to more reactive, toxic products. Levels of CYP2E1 are elevated under a variety of physiological and pathophysiological conditions and after acute and chronic alcohol treatment. CYP2E1 is also an effective generator of reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide and, in the presence of iron catalysts, produces powerful oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical. This review article summarizes some of the biochemical and toxicological properties of CYP2E1 and briefly describes the use of cell lines developed to constitutively express CYP2E1 and CYP2E1 knockout mice in assessing the actions of CYP2E1. Possible therapeutic implications for treatment of alcoholic liver injury by inhibition of CYP2E1 or CYP2E1-dependent oxidative stress will be discussed, followed by some future directions which may help us to understand the actions of CYP2E1 and its role in alcoholic liver injury.
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Activated CYP2E1 promotes the production of acetaldehyde through the formation of ROS.
“Activated CYP2E1 promotes the production of acetaldehyde through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [29,30].”
From Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
Excess alcohol consumption increases the expression and activity of CYP2E1, not ADH.
“Excess alcohol consumption increases the expression and activity of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), not ADH.”
From Pathophysiological Aspects of Alcohol Metabolism in the Liver (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Lu, Y., & Cederbaum, A. I.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cederbaum, Arthur I.
- ORCID
- Lu, Yongke
- Venue
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 723-738
- ISSN
- 0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2268632
- OpenAlex
- W2062366543
- Cited by
- 805
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 48 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 45
- FWCI
- 3.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Free Radical Biology and Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA014132, R56AA003312, R01AA006610)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Protection
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacogenetics and Drug Metabolism
- Keywords
- CYP2E1, alcoholic liver injury, ethanol, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, CYP2E1 inhibition
- MeSH terms
- Ethanol, Animals, Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Liver, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic, Oxidative Stress, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1
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