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The dual role of Reactive Oxygen Species in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: evidence from preclinical models

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Hoffmann, Markus H., Griffiths, Helen R.·2018·Free Radical Biology and Medicine

Abstract

ABSTRACT Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are created in cells during oxidative phosphorylation by the respiratory chain in the mitochondria or by the family of NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes. The first discovered and most studied of these complexes, NOX2, mediates the oxidative burst in phagocytes. ROS generated by NOX2 are dreadful weapons: while being essential to kill ingested pathogens they can also cause degenerative changes on tissue if production and release are not balanced by sufficient detoxification. In the last fifteen years evidence has been accumulating that ROS are also integral signaling molecules and are important for regulating autoimmunity and immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases. It seems that an accurate redox balance is necessary to sustain an immune state that both prevents the development of overt autoimmunity (the bright side of ROS) and minimizes collateral tissue damage (the dark side of ROS). Herein, we review studies from rodent models of arthritis, lupus, and neurodegenerative diseases that show that low NOX2‐derived ROS production is linked to disease and elaborate on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms and the translation of these results to disease in humans. HighlightsROS are created during oxidative phosphorylation and by NADPH oxidase complexes.ROS‐induced signaling regulates immune reactions and can prevent autoimmunity.Prolonged and uncontrolled ROS production can cause collateral tissue damage.Temporally and spatial balance of ROS levels is essential to sustain homeostasis.

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Metadata

Authors
Hoffmann, M. H., & Griffiths, H. R.
Venue
Free Radical Biology and Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-09
Volume
125
Pages
62-71
ISSN
0891-5849 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2791115506
Cited by
181
References
13
FWCI
7.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The dual role of Reactive Oxygen Species in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: evidence from preclinical models. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.016
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Hoffmann, M. H., & Griffiths, H. R. (2018). The dual role of Reactive Oxygen Species in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: evidence from preclinical models. Free Radical Biology and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.016

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