The digital clinic: Implementing technology and augmenting care for mental health
Open accessAbstract
Increasing both access to and quality of mental healthcare is a global priority. One solution is to integrate technologies such as smartphone apps and sensors directly into care. Acknowledging many prior attempts and barriers, we introduce the Digital Clinic which is an already functioning clinic using smartphone apps to augment and extend care today at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) in Boston, Massachusetts. In this piece, we outline the theoretical foundation of the Digital Clinic and its emphasis on the therapeutic alliance, measurement-based care, and shared decision making. We explore both workflow and engagement challenges as well as solutions including a new care team member, the Digital Navigator, and the customization of technology. Acknowledging that the Digital Clinic is an evolving program, we offer details on our implementation in order to allow others to replicate, expand on, and improve these initial efforts.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The Digital Clinic is a method of health care treatment that allows providers to use digital technology to augment all aspects of care.
“As outlined in previous publications, the Digital Clinic is a method of health care treatment that allows providers the ability to use digital technology to augment all aspects of care [22].”
From Technology enabled clinical care (TECC): Protocol for a prospective longitudinal cohort study of smartphone-augmented mental health treatment (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
The Introduction and Discussion describe the Digital Clinic as a mental-health care model that integrates digital technology into clinical workflows and uses it to supplement and extend care. The claim broadens that description to health care generally and says technology augments “all aspects of care,” which the paper does not establish. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Triple Aim: Care, Health, And Cost
Berwick, D. M., Nolan, T. W., & Whittington, J. (2008) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.27.3.759 · Cited by 5,136 · see citing works
Shared decision making — The pinnacle of patient-centered care
Barry, M. J., & Edgman-Levitan, S. (2012) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp1109283 · Cited by 3,433 · see citing works
The world health report 2001 - Mental health: new understanding, new hope
Sayers, J. (2001) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.1590/s0042-96862001001100014 · Cited by 3,307 · see citing works
Greenhalgh, T., Wherton, J., Papoutsi, C., Lynch, J., Hughes, G., A'Court, C., Hinder, S., Fahy, N., Procter, R., & Shaw, S. (2017) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.8775 · Cited by 2,887 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The popular non-adoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability framework for digital health notes that clinician champions are often the most critical contributor in enabling clinical adoption [16].”
The Working Alliance: Theory, Research, and Practice
Bogart, G. (1995) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1995.49.2.306 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Objective user engagement with mental health apps: systematic search and panel-based usage analysis
Baumel, A., Muench, F., Edan, S., & Kane, J. M. (2019) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/14567 · Cited by 965 · see citing works
Alegria, M. M., CANINO, G. J., Ríos, R. E., Vera, M., Calderón, J., Rusch, D. B., & Ortega, A. N. (2002) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.53.12.1547 · Cited by 768 · see citing works
Kilbourne, A. M., Neumann, M. S., Pincus, H. A., Bauer, M. S., & Stall, R. (2007) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/1748-5908-2-42 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
m-Health adoption by healthcare professionals: a systematic review
Gagnon, M.-P., Ngangue, P., Payne-Gagnon, J., & Desmartis, M. (2016) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocv052 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
County-level estimates of mental health professional shortage in the United States.
Thomas, K., Ellis, A. R., Konrad, T., Holzer, C., & Morrissey, J. (2009) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.2009.60.10.1323 · Cited by 589 · see citing works
Theory and research on the therapeutic working alliance: New directions.
Bordin, E. S. (1994) · Cited by 553 · see citing works
Reducing the treatment gap for mental disorders: a WPA survey
PATEL, V., MAJ, M., FLISHER, A. J., DE SILVA, M. J., KOSCHORKE, M., PRINCE, M., WPA Zonal and Member Society Representatives, Tempier, R., Riba, M., Sanchez, M., et al. (2010) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00305.x · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Pratap, A., Neto, E. C., Snyder, P., Stepnowsky, C., Elhadad, N., Grant, D., Mohebbi, M. H., Mooney, S., Suver, C., Wilbanks, J., et al. (2020) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-020-0224-8 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Mohr, D. C., Weingardt, K. R., Reddy, M., & Schueller, S. M. (2017) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201600541 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Firth, J., Cotter, J., Torous, J., Bucci, S., Firth, J. A., & Yung, A. R. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv132 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Self-citationJacob, C., Sanchez-Vazquez, A., & Ivory, C. (2020) · JMIR mHealth and uHealth · doi:10.2196/15935 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Brewster, L., Mountain, G. A., Wessels, B. A., Kelly, C. M., & Hawley, M. (2013) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12196 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Torous, J., Wisniewski, H., Bird, B., Carpenter, E., David, G., Elejalde, E., Fulford, D., Guimond, S., Hays, R., Henson, P., et al. (2019) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-019-00095-w · Cited by 202 · see citing works
Self-citationLipschitz, J., Miller, C. J., Hogan, T. P., Burdick, K. E., Lippin-Foster, R., Simon, S. R., & Burgess, J. (2019) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/11334 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Uscher-Pines, L., Sousa, J., Raja, P., Mehrotra, A., Barnett, M. L., & Huskamp, H. A. (2020) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.202000250 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Deriving a practical framework for the evaluation of health apps
Henson, P., David, G., Albright, K., & Torous, J. B. (2019) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(19)30013-5 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationDigital mental health apps and the therapeutic alliance: initial review
Henson, P., Wisniewski, H., Hollis, C., Keshavan, M., & Torous, J. (2019) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2018.86 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Self-citationGega, L., Marks, I., & Mataix‐Cols, D. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.10241 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Digital navigators to implement smartphone and digital tools in care
Wisniewski, H., & Torous, J. B. (2020) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.13149 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Self-citationChanges in attitudes toward seeking mental health services: A 40-year cross-temporal meta-analysis
Mackenzie, C. S., Erickson, J., Deane, F. P., & Wright, M. (2014) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2013.12.001 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Empowering the digital therapeutic relationship: virtual clinics for digital health interventions
Torous, J. B., & Hsin, H. (2018) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-018-0028-2 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationLattie, E. G., Nicholas, J., Knapp, A. A., Skerl, J. J., Kaiser, S. M., & Mohr, D. C. (2019) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-019-00979-2 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Editorial: Digital Interventions in Mental Health: Current Status and Future Directions
Aboujaoude, E. N., Gega, L., Parish, M. B., & Hilty, D. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00111 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Missed Opportunity? Leveraging Mobile Technology to Reduce Racial Health Disparities
Ray, R., Sewell, A. A., Gilbert, K. L., & Roberts, J. D. (2017) · Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law · doi:10.1215/03616878-3940477 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Vaidyam, A. N., Halamka, J. D., & Torous, J. B. (2019) · mHealth · doi:10.21037/mhealth.2019.07.04 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationGenerating value with mental health apps
Powell, A. C., Torous, J. B., Firth, J., & Kaufman, K. R. (2020) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2019.98 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationIt feels different from real life
de Alva, F. E. M., Wadley, G., & Lederman, R. (2015) · Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (OzCHI) · doi:10.1145/2838739.2838806 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Smartphones for Smarter Care? Self-Management in Schizophrenia
Sandoval, L. R., Torous, J. B., & Keshavan, M. S. (2017) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.16090990 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationTorous, J. B., & Vaidyam, A. N. (2020) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796020000013 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationStrudwick, G., Zhang, T., Inglis, F., Sockalingam, S., Munnery, M., Lo, B., Takhar, S. S., Charow, R., & Wiljer, D. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027989 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Digital Interventions in Mental Health: Current Status and Future Directions
(2020) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-88963-635-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Torous, J., Bucci, S., Bell, I. H., Kessing, L. V., Faurholt‐Jepsen, M., Whelan, P., Carvalho, A. F., Keshavan, M., Linardon, J., & Firth, J. (2021) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20883 · Cited by 1,199 · see citing works
Self-citationDesigning and scaling up integrated youth mental health care
McGorry, P. D., Mei, C., Chanen, A., Hodges, C., Alvarez‐Jimenez, M., & Killackey, E. (2022) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20938 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Standardising the role of a digital navigator in behavioural health: a systematic review
Perret, S., Alon, N., Carpenter-Song, E. A., Myrick, K. J., Thompson, K., Li, S., Sharma, K., & Torous, J. B. (2023) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(23)00152-8 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationVaidyam, A. N., Halamka, J. D., & Torous, J. B. (2022) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/30557 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationDigital Phenotyping for Stress, Anxiety, and Mild Depression: Systematic Literature Review
Choi, A., Ooi, A., & Lottridge, D. M. (2023) · JMIR mhealth and uhealth · doi:10.2196/40689 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Rodriguez-Villa, E., Naslund, J. A., Keshavan, M. S., Patel, V., & Torous, J. B. (2020) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102433 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Self-citationMelcher, J., Lavoie, J., Hays, R., D’Mello, R., Rauseo-Ricupero, N., Camacho, E., Rodriguez-Villa, E., Wisniewski, H., Lagan, S., Vaidyam, A. N., et al. (2021) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2021.1905650 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationOlaye, I. M., & Seixas, A. A. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/32962 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Digital phenotyping correlations in larger mental health samples: analysis and replication
Currey, D., & Torous, J. (2022) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.507 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationRauseo-Ricupero, N., Henson, P., Agate-Mays, M., & Torous, J. B. (2021) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2020.1859465 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationMarketplace and Literature Review of Spanish Language Mental Health Apps
Muñoz, A. O., Camacho, E., & Torous, J. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2021.615366 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationAn integrated early care pathway for autism
Green, J., Leadbitter, K., Ainsworth, J. D., & Bucci, S. (2022) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(22)00037-2 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mouchabac, S., Conejero, I., Lakhlifi, C., Msellek, I., Malandain, L., Adrien, V., Ferreri, F., Millet, B., Bonnot, O., Bourla, A., et al. (2021) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/19585969.2022.2042165 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Iorfino, F., Piper, S. E., Prodan, A., LaMonica, H. M., Davenport, T. A., Lee, G. Y., Capon, W., Scott, E. M., Occhipinti, J., & Hickie, I. B. (2021) · Frontiers in Health Services · doi:10.3389/frhs.2021.745456 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Glass, J. E., Tiffany, B., Matson, T. E., Lim, C. Y., Gundersen, G., Kimbel, K. J., Hartzler, A. L., Curran, G. M., McWethy, A. G., Caldeiro, R. M., et al. (2022) · Implementation Research and Practice · doi:10.1177/26334895221135264 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Kodish, T., Schueller, S. M., & Lau, A. S. (2023) · Journal of Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.jbct.2022.12.002 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A call for open data to develop mental health digital biomarkers
Adler, D. A., Wang, F., Mohr, D. C., Estrin, D., Livesey, C., & Choudhury, T. (2022) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2022.28 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The Urgent Need for an Evidence-Based Digital Mental Health Practice Model of Care for Youth
Ridout, B., Forsyth, R., Amon, K. L., Navarro, P., & Campbell, A. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/48441 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Moghimi, E., Knyahnytska, Y., Omrani, M., Nikjoo, N., Stephenson, C., Layzell, G., Simpson, A. I. F., & Alavi, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.921527 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ethical Dimensions of Digital Phenotyping Within the Context of Mental Healthcare
D’Alfonso, S., Coghlan, S., Schmidt, S., & Mangelsdorf, S. N. (2024) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-024-00423-9 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Adapting and Implementing Apps for Mental Healthcare
Zielasek, J., Reinhardt, I., Schmidt, L., & Gouzoulis‐Mayfrank, E. (2022) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-022-01350-3 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Zou, B., Zhang, X., Xiao, L., Bai, R., Li, X., Liang, H., Ma, H., & Wang, G. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnsre.2023.3260301 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Digital technological interventions in mental health care
Srivastava, K., Chaudhury, S., Dhamija, S., Prakash, J., & Chatterjee, K. (2020) · Industrial Psychiatry Journal · doi:10.4103/ipj.ipj_32_21 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Deriving symptom networks from digital phenotyping data in serious mental illness
Hays, R., Keshavan, M. S., Wisniewski, H., & Torous, J. B. (2020) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2020.94 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationDigital Technology in Psychiatry: Survey Study of Clinicians
Sterling, W. A., Sobolev, M., Meter, A. V., Guinart, D., Birnbaum, M. L., Rubio, J. M., & Kane, J. M. (2022) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/33676 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Kim, K. K., & Backonja, U. (2024) · Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocae020 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Digital Intervention for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Manchanda, N., Aggarwal, A., Setya, S., & Talegaonkar, S. (2022) · Current Alzheimer Research · doi:10.2174/1567205020666230206124155 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Rodriguez-Villa, E., Camacho, E., & Torous, J. B. (2021) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2021.100366 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationTransdiagnostic-focused apps for depression and anxiety: a meta-analysis
Linardon, J., Anderson, C., Messer, M., Liu, C., & Torous, J. B. (2025) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-025-01860-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationClinician perspectives on how digital phenotyping can inform client treatment
Schmidt, S., & D’Alfonso, S. (2023) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103886 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Gorban, C., McKenna, S., Chong, M. K., Capon, W., Battisti, R. A., Crowley, A., Whitwell, B. G., Ottavio, A., Scott, E. M., Hickie, I. B., et al. (2024) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/58068 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Wang, S. B., van Genugten, R. D. I., Yacoby, Y., Pan, W., Bentley, K. H., Bird, S., Buonopane, R. J., Christie, A., Daniel, M., DeMarco, D., et al. (2024) · Nature Mental Health · doi:10.1038/s44220-024-00335-w · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Global Collaboration Around Digital Mental Health: The LAMP Consortium
Bilden, R. C., & Torous, J. B. (2022) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-022-00240-y · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationLangholm, C., Kowatsch, T., Bucci, S., Cipriani, A., & Torous, J. B. (2023) · Digital Biomarkers · doi:10.1159/000530698 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationIntegrated Care’s New Protagonist: The Expanding Role of Digital Health
Gray, C. S. (2021) · International Journal of Integrated Care · doi:10.5334/ijic.6437 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Westheimer, J. L., Moukaddam, N. J., Lindsay, J. A., Sabharwal, A., Najafi, B., Iacobelli, P. A., BOLAND, R. J., & Patriquin, M. A. (2023) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/40429 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
McKenna, S., Piper, S., Capon, W., Crowley, A., Lira, L., LaMonica, H. M., Chong, M. K., Scott, E. M., Hickie, I. B., & Iorfino, F. (2023) · JMIR Human Factors · doi:10.2196/42993 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Emerson, M. R., Dinkel, D. M., Watanabe‐Galloway, S., Torous, J. B., & Johnson, D. J. (2023) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1093/tbm/ibad016 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationDigital Conversational Agents for the Mental Health of Treatment-Seeking Youth: Scoping Review
Hawke, L. D., Hou, J., Nguyen, A. T. P., Phi, T., Gibson, J., Ritchie, B., Strudwick, G., Rodak, T., & Gallagher, L. (2025) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/77098 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lo, B., Charow, R., Laberge, S., Bakas, V., Williams, L., & Wiljer, D. (2022) · Journal of Patient Experience · doi:10.1177/23743735221112216 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Taha, B. A., Addie, A. J., Haider, A. J., & Arsad, N. (2025) · BioNanoScience · doi:10.1007/s12668-025-01876-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Lo, B., Durocher, K., Charow, R., Kimball, S., Phạm, Q., Sockalingam, S., Wiljer, D., & Strudwick, G. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/67820 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Orsolini, L., Appignanesi, C., Pompili, S., & Volpe, U. (2022) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540261.2022.2118521 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Rauseo-Ricupero, N., & Torous, J. (2021) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/23771 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“As outlined in previous publications, the Digital Clinic is a method of health care treatment that allows providers the ability to use digital technology to augment all aspects of care [22].”
Self-citationDigitale Technologien zur Verbesserung der psychischen Gesundheit
Fuhr, D. C., Wolf‐Ostermann, K., Hoel, V., & Zeeb, H. (2024) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-024-03842-4 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Bifftu, B. B., Thomas, S. J., & Win, K. T. (2025) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2025.110080 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Richardson, S., Sinha, A., Vahia, I. V., Dawson, W. D., Kaye, J. A., Reynolds, C. F., Smith, E., Cummings, J. L., Berk, M., Lavretsky, H., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2020.11.010 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Alfaro, A. J., Sakai, E. Y., Carlson, C., Mehta, P. S., Anderson, J. R., Wynn, M. J., & Gould, C. E. (2022) · Clinical Gerontologist · doi:10.1080/07317115.2022.2115433 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Integration of Sensor-Based Technology in Mental Healthcare: A Systematic Scoping Review
Bosch, R., Noordzij, M. L., Westerhof, G. J., & Bohlmeijer, E. T. (2024) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-024-00427-5 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Cavero, V., Toyama, M., Castro, H. C. M., Couto, M. T., Brandt, L., Quayle, J., Menezes, P. R., Mohr, D. C., Araya, R., Miranda, J. J., et al. (2022) · Discover Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s44192-022-00015-0 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Piccirillo, M. L., Enkema, M. C., & Foster, K. T. (2023) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2023.2184284 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kornfield, R., Lattie, E. G., Nicholas, J., Knapp, A. A., Mohr, D. C., & Reddy, M. C. (2023) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3610093 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Lewis, S. W., Carter, L., Chen, X., Zhou, J., Wang, X., & Bucci, S. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076231222097 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hews‐Girard, J., Bright, K. S., Barker, M., Bassi, E. M., Iorfino, F., LaMonica, H. M., Moskovic, K., Fersovitch, M., Stamp, L., Gondziola, J., et al. (2024) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076241289179 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
AI Integration in Behavioral Healthcare: A Practical Framework for Clinicians
Sadeh‐Sharvit, S., & Hollon, S. D. (2025) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-025-00532-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Allen, V., Lottridge, D. M., Merry, S., & Stasiak, K. (2024) · Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science · doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2024.100762 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Lu, M., Crooks, R., Pricop, D. F., Cox, E., Anghelescu, B. A.-M., Hamilton, M. G., Martino, D., Bruno, V. A., Josephson, C. B., Patten, S. B., et al. (2023) · Health and Technology · doi:10.1007/s12553-023-00754-2 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Leveraging AI-based digital systems in psychological interventions: a research opinion
Panduwiyasa, H. (2025) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2025.1693504 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Shin, H. D., Kemp, J., Kassam, I., Pape, C., Goonasekera, S., Modha, V., Rodak, T., Torous, J. B., Kidd, S. A., & Strudwick, G. (2026) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-026-02647-w · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationLo, B., Phạm, Q., Sockalingam, S., Wiljer, D., & Strudwick, G. (2022) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076221129059 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Rosenfeld, L. C., Tepper, M. C., Leff, H. S., Wang, D., Zhang, A., Tian, L., Huttlin, E. A., Fulwiler, C., Aldis, R., Wang, P., et al. (2024) · Learning Health Systems · doi:10.1002/lrh2.10472 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
An mHealth Platform for Augmenting Behavioral Health in Primary Care: Longitudinal Feasibility Study
Moon, K. C., Sobolev, M., Grella, M., Alvarado, G., Sapra, M., & Ball, T. (2022) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/36021 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Mobile mental health: Bridging psychiatry and neurology through engaging innovations
Torous, J. B., & Huffman, J. C. (2021) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.05.008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationKnights, J., Bangieva, V., Passoni, M., Donegan, M. L., Shen, J., Klein, A. A., Baker, J. T., & Dubois, H. C. (2023) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-023-00581-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Analysis of Mental Health Disorders from Survey Reports using Time Series based Linear Regression
Mishra, A., Singh, A., Singh, A. P., Chauhan, M., & Kamboj, D. (2024) · International Conference on Networking, Embedded and Wireless Systems (ICNEWS) · doi:10.1109/icnews60873.2024.10730817 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Digitale Phänotypisierung: Segen oder Fluch?
Steinert, T., & Thoma, S. (2021) · Psychiatrische Praxis · doi:10.1055/a-1347-3349 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Schmid, A., & Kurpicz-Briki, M. (2022) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/shti220322 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Borgnolo, L. J., McKenna, S., Hickie, I. B., Varidel, M., Turner, A., Gorban, C., LaMonica, H. M., Chong, M. K., Capon, W., Dimitropoulos, G., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/67597 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Yirmiya, K., Refoua, E., Truscott, A., Reeve, H. M., Fonagy, P., & Elyoseph, Z. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-47934-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lim, K., Bodner, R., Ledley, K. T., Wang, S., Scheuer, L., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · Journal of Participatory Medicine · doi:10.2196/90255 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationMeyerhoff, J., Kruzan, K. P., Reddy, M. C., Mohr, D. C., & Lattie, E. G. (2023) · SAGE Open Nursing · doi:10.1177/23779608231173279 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Lewis, S. W., Carter, L., & Bucci, S. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/45170 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Minen, M. T., Waire, E. K., Torous, J. B., Fishman, J., Lipton, R. B., & Powers, S. W. (2025) · NPP—Digital Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s44277-024-00021-w · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationFuchs, T. A. E. (2021) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-021-01188-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Dawn of Digital Psychiatry
Zimerman, A., Montezano, B. B., Vecchia, G. F. D., Kapczinski, F. P., & Passos, I. C. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-10698-9_1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Revolutionizing Mental Health Care: An AI-Driven, Multimodal, And Culturally Sensitive Approach
Thillairam, A., Prabhu, S., Nithiya, M., Dinesh, S., Dina Prasanth, R., & Sathyaprakash, T. (2024) · International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews · doi:10.55248/gengpi.5.0424.0903 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Adler, D. A., & Choudhury, T. (2024) · ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp) · doi:10.1145/3675094.3678372 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Gardea‐Resendez, M., Breitinger, S. A., Walker, A., Harper, L., Xiong, A. E., Stoppel, C. J., Volety, R., Raman, J., Byun, J. S., Langholm, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000820 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationBorghouts, J. W., Eikey, E. V., Leon, C. D., Schueller, S. M., Schneider, M. L., Stadnick, N. A., Zheng, K., Mukamel, D. B., & Sorkin, D. H. (2023) · doi:10.2196/preprints.53161
Adolescent Mental Health Care: Time for Revolution
Marini, S., D’Agostino, L., Ciamarra, C., LenaMara, R. D., Giacomodonato, M., Molinero, M., Corsi, L., Gentile, A., & Acciavatti, T. (2024) · Juniper Online Journal of Case Studies · doi:10.19080/jojcs.2024.14.555891
Knights, J., Bangieva, V., Passoni, M., Donegan, M. L., Shen, J., Klein, A. A., Baker, J., & Dubois, H. C. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26602207
Knights, J., Bangieva, V., Passoni, M., Donegan, M. L., Shen, J., Klein, A. A., Baker, J., & Dubois, H. C. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26602198
Knights, J., Bangieva, V., Passoni, M., Donegan, M. L., Shen, J., Klein, A. A., Baker, J., & Dubois, H. C. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26602201
Knights, J., Bangieva, V., Passoni, M., Donegan, M. L., Shen, J., Klein, A. A., Baker, J., & Dubois, H. C. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26602204
Transforming Digital Mental Health Care and Access: Digital Health Navigator Training (Preprint)Preprint
Granof, M., Ledley, K. T., Gorban, C., Bantjes, J. R., Schwarz, J., Emerson, M. R., Choudhary, S., Strudwick, G., Ospina‐Pinillos, L., Patriquin, M. A., et al. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.91776
Self-citationKim, K. W., Byun, A. J. S., Castillo, J., Youn, Y. C., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000453
Self-citationNotsu, H., Bodner, R., Lim, K., Shi, C., Myrick, K. J., Ilagan, G. S., Neumann, A., Lisowski, V., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/preprints.95555
Self-citationSchwientek, A.-K., Drüge, M., Terhorst, Y., Kabrel, M., Sahan, F., & Apolinário-Hagen, J. (2026) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-6872-7_29
Bifftu, B. B., Thomas, S. J., & Win, K. T. (2026) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14897-1
Notsu, H., Ledley, K. T., Pinto, J., Walker, D., Perez-Lirio, G., Hau, C., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2026.06.001
Self-citationAnnala, E., Pellikka, T., Korpi, H., Nadav, J., Kaihlanen, A., Torkki, P. M., & Laukka, E. (2026) · Communications in computer and information science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-28812-7_20
Lim, K., Bodner, R., Cong, S., Notsu, H., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.104499
Self-citationCan digital navigators help reduce inequities in healthcare? A systematic review
Ornellas, G., de Albuquerque, M. V., & Catapan, S. D. C. (2026) · Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare · doi:10.1177/1357633x261457758
Rouleaux, M., de Looff, P. C., Bouwmeester, S., Mevissen, L., Peters-Scheffer, N. C., Lindauer, R., & Didden, R. (2026) · European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2026.100719
Granof, M., Ledley, K. T., Gorban, C., Bantjes, J. R., Schwarz, J., Emerson, M. R., Choudhary, S., Strudwick, G., Ospina‐Pinillos, L., Patriquin, M. A., et al. (2026) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/91776 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationNetwork Analysis in Digital Phenotyping for Mental Health: A Scoping Review (Preprint)Preprint
Cong, S., Calvert, E., Lim, K., & Torous, J. B. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.111852
Self-citation
- Authors
- Rodriguez-Villa, E., Rauseo-Ricupero, N., Camacho, E., Wisniewski, H., Keshavan, M., & Torous, J.
- Affiliations
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Torous, John
- ORCID
- Venue
- General Hospital Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-09
- Volume
- 66
- Pages
- 59-66
- ISSN
- 0163-8343 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7324929
- OpenAlex
- W3038416215
- Cited by
- 97
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 11.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- General Hospital Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- digital mental health, mobile application, access to mental health care, therapeutic relationship, measurement-based care, shared decision-making, digital navigators, care teams, implementation barriers, patient engagement
- MeSH terms
- Smartphone, Therapeutic Alliance, Humans, Mental Health Services, Telemedicine, Mobile Applications
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
