Longitudinal associations between neighborhood-level street network with walking, bicycling, and jogging: The CARDIA study
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Objective To investigate the differential association between neighborhood-level street network with walking, bicycling, and jogging by urbanicity and gender.Methods We used prospective data from 4 repeated exams on 5115 young adults recruited in 1985-1986, followed through 2000-2001, with self-reported walking, bicycling, and jogging. Using a Geographic Information System, we spatially and temporally linked time-varying residential locations to street network data within a 1 km Euclidean buffer. Two-part marginal effect modeling assessed longitudinal associations between neighborhood-level street network with walking, bicycling, and jogging, by urbanicity and gender, controlling for time-varying individual- and census-level covariates.Results Neighborhood street density was positively associated with walking, bicycling, and jogging in low urbanicity areas, but in middle and high urbanicity areas, these associations became null (men) or inverse (women).Conclusion Characteristics of neighborhood streets may influence adult residents' walking, bicycling, and jogging, particularly in less urban areas. This research may inform policy efforts to encourage physical activity.
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Among 5115 US young adults, neighborhood street density was positively associated with walking, bicycling, and jogging in low-urbanicity areas but not in middle- or high-urbanicity areas.
“Among 5115 US young adults, neighborhood street density was positively associated with walking, bicycling, and jogging in low-urbanicity areas but not in middle- or high-urbanicity areas.”
From Population Approaches to Improve Diet, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2012) · cites this paper as [365]
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- Authors
- Hou, N., Popkin, B. M., Jacobs Jr., D. R., Song, Y., Guilkey, D., Lewis, C. E., & Gordon-Larsen, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Venue
- Health & Place
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1206-1215
- ISSN
- 1353-8292 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2962449
- OpenAlex
- W2139840811
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 14.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Health & Place (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hc95095-66-0-1, 2r24hd050924-06, n01hc48050-59-0-1, n01hc48048-58-0-1, n01hc48047-55-0-1, n01hc005187-000, n01hc48049-61-0-1, 5r01ca012115-25)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01HC48050, N01 HC 95095, N01 HC048048, N01-HC05187, N01-HC-048049, N01 HC095095, N01 HC048050, N01-HC48048, N01 HC005187, N01-HC-48-049, N01 HC048047, N01-HC-480-47, R01HL078972)
- National Cancer Institute (R01 CA12115, R01CA121152, R01CA109831)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK056350)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES10126), P30ES010126)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K01HD044263, R24 HD-050924)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Transportation › Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Urban Green Space and Health
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Keywords
- street density, walking, cycling, jogging, physical activity, urbanicity, gender differences, young adults, CARDIA study, built environment, place of residence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bicycling, Environment Design, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prospective Studies, Residence Characteristics, Running, United States, Urban Population, Walking, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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