Cited by 87Probiotics and Fermented FoodsMicrobial Community Ecology and PhysiologyFermentation and Sensory Analysis

Characterization of the bacterial biodiversity in Pico cheese (an artisanal Azorean food)

Riquelme, Cristina, Câmara, Sandra, Enes Dapkevicius, Maria de Lurdes N., Vinuesa, Pablo, da Silva, Célia Costa Gomes, Malcata, F. Xavier, Rego, Oldemiro A.·2015·International Journal of Food Microbiology

Abstract

This work presents the first study on the bacterial communities in Pico cheese, a traditional cheese of the Azores (Portugal), made from raw cow's milk. Pyrosequencing of tagged amplicons of the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rDNA and Operational Taxonomic Unit-based (OTU-based) analysis were applied to obtain an overall idea of the microbiota in Pico cheese and to elucidate possible differences between cheese-makers (A, B and C) and maturation times. Pyrosequencing revealed a high bacterial diversity in Pico cheese. Four phyla (Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes) and 54 genera were identified. The predominant genus was Lactococcus (77% of the sequences). Sequences belonging to major cheese-borne pathogens were not found. Staphylococcus accounted for 0.5% of the sequences. Significant differences in bacterial community composition were observed between cheese-maker B and the other two units that participated in the study. However, OTU analysis identified a set of taxa (Lactococcus, Streptococcus, Acinetobacter, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Rothia, Pantoea and unclassified genera belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family) that would represent the core components of artisanal Pico cheese microbiota. A diverse bacterial community was present at early maturation, with an increase in the number of phylotypes up to 2 weeks, followed by a decrease at the end of ripening. The most remarkable trend in abundance patterns throughout ripening was an increase in the number of sequences belonging to the Lactobacillus genus, with a concomitant decrease in Acinetobacter, and Stenotrophomonas. Microbial rank abundance curves showed that Pico cheese's bacterial communities are characterized by a few dominant taxa and many low-abundance, highly diverse taxa that integrate the so-called "rare biosphere".

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.09.031

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  • In some artisanal cheeses, indigenous LAB from milk are used for acid production in the first steps of cheese making without added starter cultures.

    “In some artisanal cheeses, indigenous LAB from milk are used for the production of acid in the first steps of cheese making, without the need to add starter cultures [11].”

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Authors
Riquelme, C., Câmara, S., Enes Dapkevicius, M. D. L. N., Vinuesa, P., da Silva, C. C. G., Malcata, F. X., & Rego, O. A.
Affiliations
  • Universidade dos Açores (PT)
  • Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
  • Universidade do Porto (PT)
Venue
International Journal of Food Microbiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-01
Volume
192
Pages
86-94
ISSN
0168-1605 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2034620101
Cited by
87
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 4
FWCI
9.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • International Journal of Food Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Regional Directorate for Science and Technology of the Regional Government of the Autonomous Region of the Azores (M2.1.2/028/2008-RTF/1)
  • Foundation for Science and Technology (PTDC/AGR-ALI/104385/2008)
  • Regional Fund for Science and Technology and Pro-Emprego program of the Regional Government of the Azores (M3.1.2/F/008/2011, M3.1.7/F/013/2011)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Keywords
cheese microbiota, bacterial diversity, artisanal cheese, cheese ripening, Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, rare biosphere
MeSH terms
Animals, Azores, Bacteria, Cattle, Cheese, Food Microbiology, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Biodiversity

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