Contribution of volatiles to the antifungal effect of Lactobacillus paracasei in defined medium and yogurt
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria with antifungal properties can be used to control spoilage of food and feed. Previously, most of the identified metabolites have been isolated from cell-free fermentate of lactic acid bacteria with methods suboptimal for detecting possible contribution from volatiles to the antifungal activity. The role of volatile compounds in the antifungal activity of Lactobacillus paracasei DGCC 2132 in a chemically defined interaction medium (CDIM) and yogurt was therefore investigated with a sampling technique minimizing volatile loss. Diacetyl was identified as the major volatile produced by L. paracasei DGCC 2132 in CDIM. When the strain was added to a yogurt medium diacetyl as well as other volatiles also increased but the metabolome was more complex. Removal of L. paracasei DGCC 2132 cells from CDIM fermentate resulted in loss of both volatiles, including diacetyl, and the antifungal activity towards two strains of Penicillium spp. When adding diacetyl to CDIM or yogurt without L. paracasei DGCC 2132, marked inhibition was observed. Besides diacetyl, the antifungal properties of acetoin were examined, but no antifungal activity was observed. Overall, the results demonstrate the contribution of diacetyl in the antifungal effect of L. paracasei DGCC 2132 and indicate that the importance of volatiles may have been previously underestimated.
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Diacetyl has been shown to exert antifungal and antibacterial effects at low pH.
“Diacetyl has been shown to exert antifungal and antibacterial effects at low pH [167,168].”
From Lactic Acid Bacteria in Raw-Milk Cheeses: From Starter Cultures to Probiotic Functions (2022) · cites this paper as [167]
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- Authors
- Aunsbjerg, S. D., Honoré, A. H., Marcussen, J., Ebrahimi, P., Vogensen, F. K., Benfeldt, C., Skov, T., & Knøchel, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- DuPont (Denmark) (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Knøchel, S.
- Venue
- International Journal of Food Microbiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2015-02
- Volume
- 194
- Pages
- 46-53
- ISSN
- 0168-1605 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2094327787
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 8.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Food Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Copenhagen (692886, FI 10-084173)
- Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
- Keywords
- Lactobacillus paracasei, antifungal activity, volatile compounds, diacetyl, acetoin, Penicillium, yogurt, lactic acid bacteria, food spoilage control, metabolomics
- MeSH terms
- Acetoin, Antifungal Agents, Culture Media, Diacetyl, Food Microbiology, Lactobacillus, Penicillium, Yogurt
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