Cited by 160Probiotics and Fermented FoodsEssential Oils and Antimicrobial ActivityFermentation and Sensory Analysis

Antifungal hydroxy fatty acids produced during sourdough fermentation: Microbial and enzymatic pathways, and antifungal activity in bread

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Black, Brenna A., Zannini, Emanuele, Curtis, Jonathan M., G�nzle, Michael G.·2013·Applied and Environmental Microbiology

Abstract

Lactobacilli convert linoleic acid to hydroxy fatty acids; however, this conversion has not been demonstrated in food fermentations and it remains unknown whether hydroxy fatty acids produced by lactobacilli have antifungal activity. This study aimed to determine whether lactobacilli convert linoleic acid to metabolites with antifungal activity and to assess whether this conversion can be employed to delay fungal growth on bread. Aqueous and organic extracts from seven strains of lactobacilli grown in modified De Man Rogosa Sharpe medium or sourdough were assayed for antifungal activity. Lactobacillus hammesii exhibited increased antifungal activity upon the addition of linoleic acid as a substrate. Bioassay-guided fractionation attributed the antifungal activity of L. hammesii to a monohydroxy C(18:1) fatty acid. Comparison of its antifungal activity to those of other hydroxy fatty acids revealed that the monohydroxy fraction from L. hammesii and coriolic (13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic) acid were the most active, with MICs of 0.1 to 0.7 g liter(-1). Ricinoleic (12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic) acid was active at a MIC of 2.4 g liter(-1). L. hammesii accumulated the monohydroxy C(18:1) fatty acid in sourdough to a concentration of 0.73 ± 0.03 g liter(-1) (mean ± standard deviation). Generation of hydroxy fatty acids in sourdough also occurred through enzymatic oxidation of linoleic acid to coriolic acid. The use of 20% sourdough fermented with L. hammesii or the use of 0.15% coriolic acid in bread making increased the mold-free shelf life by 2 to 3 days or from 2 to more than 6 days, respectively. In conclusion, L. hammesii converts linoleic acid in sourdough and the resulting monohydroxy octadecenoic acid exerts antifungal activity in bread.

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Crossref · 10.1128/aem.03784-12

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Authors
Black, B. A., Zannini, E., Curtis, J. M., & G�nzle, M. G.
Affiliations
  • University of Alberta (CA)
  • Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Venue
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
Published
2013-03-15
Volume
79
Issue
6
Pages
1866-1873
ISSN
  • 0099-2240 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5336
OpenAlex
W2016250792
Cited by
159
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5
FWCI
15.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Applied and Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Canada Research Chairs
  • Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
Keywords
hydroxy fatty acids, sourdough fermentation, lactobacilli, linoleic acid conversion, ricinoleic acid, antifungal activity, bread shelf life, mold inhibition, enzymatic oxidation, bioassay-guided fractionation
MeSH terms
Antifungal Agents, Biological Assay, Bread, Fatty Acids, Fermentation, Food Preservation, Fungi, Humans, Hydroxy Acids, Lactobacillus, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Time Factors

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