The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Mass transfer on and within a frost layer
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Na et al. [44] employed an exponential function of the dimensionless vapor pressure ( p v/ p v,sat) to estimate the ice-crystal growth rate, limiting the deviation in mass-transfer rate to within 25%.”
From A physics-informed quasi-steady frosting model with coupled heat–mass transfer for predicting frost layer growth (2026) · cites this paper as Na et al. [44]
In the citing paper
“Based on the suggestion of Brèque and Nemer [3], the 0-D model by Na and Webb [13] is used to model the frost formation process due to its adequate precision and simplicity for system modeling.”
From Model for cyclic frosting and defrosting of flat tube heat exchangers: Theoretical analysis and experimental validation (2023) · cites this paper as Na and Webb [13]
In the citing paper
“Previous published models describe the effects of frosting of a dry heat exchanger, neglecting the effects of water retained after defrosting.”
From Model for cyclic frosting and defrosting of flat tube heat exchangers: Theoretical analysis and experimental validation (2023) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Also, Na and Webb provide a simple equation for the supersaturation degree at the frost surface that was that predicted their experimental data.”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Na and Webb [15] showed that moderate uncertainty in the tortuosity factor has very small effect on the heat transfer rate through the frost layer and frost densification rate if one uses rational correlations for the mass diffusion prediction within the frost layer.”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Na and Webb [13-15] have shown that the air is supersaturated at the frost surface, as opposed to the previous assumptions that the water vapor is saturated at the frost surface.”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“The densification rate is related to the water vapor diffusion rate within the frost layer, which is related to the tortuosity [15].”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Na and Webb [15] showed that the assumption of the saturation at the frost surface overpredicts the mass transfer rate by the factor of 4-30 in their test range.”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“which is physically impossible as discussed in [15].”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“The over prediction of the saturation model is because it overpredicts the mass transfer rate from the air stream to the frost surface as discussed in [15].”
From New model for frost growth rate (2004) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“The model assumed that the humid air was saturated at the frost surface, while Webb and coworker [7,12] assumed that the humid air was supersaturated at the frost surface.”
From Numerical Simulation of Frosting on Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger Surfaces (2017) · cites this paper as [12]
Citations
Cites
Fletcher, N. H. (1970) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511735639 · Cited by 827
Diffusion in Gases and Porous Media
Cunningham, R. E., & Williams, R. J. J. (1980) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-4983-0 · Cited by 441
A one-dimensional model for frost formation on a cold flat surface
Lee, K.-S., Kim, W.-S., & Lee, T.-H. (1997) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/s0017-9310(97)00074-4 · Cited by 296
Neale, G. H., & Nader, W. K. (1973) · AIChE Journal · doi:10.1002/aic.690190116 · Cited by 238
A fundamental understanding of factors affecting frost nucleation
Na, B., & Webb, R. L. (2003) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/s0017-9310(03)00194-7 · Cited by 225
Self-citationNew model for frost growth rate
Na, B., & Webb, R. L. (2004) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2003.09.001 · Cited by 212
Self-citationA mathematical model for predicting the densification and growth of frost on a flat plate
Tao, Y.-X., Besant, R. W., & Rezkallah, K. S. (1993) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/0017-9310(93)80011-i · Cited by 183
Frost formation with varying environmental parameters
Jones, B. W., & Parker, J. D. (1975) · Journal of Heat Transfer · doi:10.1115/1.3450350 · Cited by 171
Modelling of frost growth and densification
Le Gall, R., Grillot, J. M., & Jallut, C. (1997) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/s0017-9310(96)00359-6 · Cited by 153
Equation of the growth rate of frost forming on cooled surfaces
Schneider, H. W. (1978) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/0017-9310(78)90098-4 · Cited by 148
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Brian, 1969, Cryogenic frost properties, Cryog. Technol., 5, 205
- Mao, 1999, Frost characteristics and heat transfer on a flat plate under freezer operating conditions, ASHRAE Trans., 231
- B. Na, Analysis of Frost Formation on an Evaporator, Ph.D. thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, 2003
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–129 of 129
A Unified Review of Physical Modeling of Heat and Mass Transfer Processes in Frosting and Icing
Balachandar, S., & Sherif, S. A. (2026) · ASME Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1115/1.4070930 · Cited by 1
Xu, Z., Redo, M. A., Wang, L., Llave, Y., Agui, H., Giannetti, N., Saito, K., & Watanabe, M. (2026) · Journal of Food Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2026.113040 · Cited by 1
Statistical framework for condensation frosting incipience on smooth and nanostructured surfaces
Liu, J., Faghihi, P., Yang, W., Yang, S., Ganesan, V., Gandhi, O., Zhang, J., Yang, W., & Miljkovic, N. (2026) · Droplet · doi:10.1002/dro2.70056 · Cited by 1
Frost Growth Simulation in Cryogenic Vertical Pipe Flow
Lee, K.-B., Kim, Y. H., Kim, H., Lee, W. G., Chai, K. I., Rhi, S. H., Kim, N. K., & Shin, D. R. (2012) · Advanced materials research · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.542-543.1074 · Cited by 1
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF FROST LAYER GROWTH IN A FIN-AND-TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
Lenić, K., Trp, A., & Franković, B. (2007) · Cited by 1
Numerical study on the condensed and frozen water vapor on a flat plate using an open source code
Park, S., Kihara, H., & Abe, K. (2018) · AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference · doi:10.2514/6.2018-3018 · Cited by 1
Park, S., Kihara, H., & Abe, K. (2022) · International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences · doi:10.1007/s42405-022-00464-5 · Cited by 1
“(5), we referred to a correlation defined in the literature [22, 27, 28]:”
BackgroundLin, Z.-M., Hou, Y.-F., Wu, L.-K., & Wang, L.-B. (2026) · International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.129176 · Cited by 1
Frost Formation Phenomenon in a Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchanger
Lenić, K., & Trp, A. (2008) · University of Zagreb University Computing Centre (SRCE)
Truster, N. L., Puleo, C. E., Caraballo, E. J., & Sommers, A. D. (2014) · Purdue e-Pubs (Purdue University System)
Reichl, C., Strehlow, A., Oltersdorf, T., Braungardt, S., Pröhl, M., Beňovský, P., Popovac, M., & Fleckl, T. (2015) · REHVA Annual Conference: Advanced HVAC and Natural Gas Technologies · doi:10.7250/rehvaconf.2015.015 · Cited by 2
Frost Growth and Densification on Flat Surfaces
ElCheikh, A., & Jacobi, A. M. (2012)
Development of scaffolds for oesophageal tissue engineering
Leong, M. F. (2009) · doi:10.32657/10356/47257
Numerical simulation of frost growth and densification using deformable and static grids
Bartrons, E. (2018) · UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) · doi:10.5821/dissertation-2117-123111
Moallem, E., Hong, T., & Cremaschi, L. (2012)
Liu, Y., & Kulacki, F. A. (2018) · SpringerBriefs in applied sciences and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-02616-5_2
Frost Formation over an Inclined Plate Under Natural Convection with Lattice–Boltzmann Method
Seddigh, G., & Tahavvor, A. R. (2024) · Heat Transfer Engineering · doi:10.1080/01457632.2024.2362541
“…and Webb [19] correlated supersaturation degree by the following empirical equation, which is used in present computational procedure, Also, local saturation vapor pressure, used in the above equation, correlated by the empirical relations as follows [19], For 123.15 Let’s go back to Equation (19).”
InfluentialPassarelli, A. F., Merlo, U., Pelella, F., Viscito, L., Filippini, S., & Mauro, A. W. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5390436
Numerical Analysis of Frost Formation on a Protruded Flat Surface
Abdusoglu, A., Demirhan, K., Yakut, E. M., Başol, A. M., & Arık, M. (2026) · Lecture notes in mechanical engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-16138-3_7
Yang, Z., Shi, F., Li, J., & Liu, S.-K. (2026) · Fluids · doi:10.3390/fluids11030074
Study of low temperature processes for non-reactive elimination of tars from the producer gas
Harb, R. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/431133d5ze9e6z46a0z8806z967ca3fb9a52
Numerical study of frost formation on an industrial food freezing system
Badri, D. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/18ef7f42z85f6z4cf0z901dzac4832053863
Jeong, J. (2024) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/3dee01e3z6bf0z47b1zb468z9bcc2a4243b5 · Cited by 1
Heat transfer characteristics of a protruded flat surface under frost formation
Abdusoglu, A., Demirhan, K., Yakut, E. M., Başol, A., & Arik, M. (2026) · International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer · doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.112473
Simulation of Frost Formation on Cylinders Under Natural Convection Using Lattice Boltzmann Method
Niazmand, G., Tahavvor, A. R., & Abarghoui, F. K. (2026) · Heat Transfer Engineering · doi:10.1080/01457632.2026.2676923
Naqvi, S. M. A., Zhang, X., Song, M., Zhang, L. Y., Jing, L., Shao, K., Munir, U., Rafique, F., Waqas, M., Bahrami, H., et al. (2026) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2026.117254
Mechanism of frost thickening and densification on louvered surfaces
Hu, B., Huang, S., Cao, Z., Wang, J., Chu, W., & Wang, Q. (2026) · International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow · doi:10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2026.110628
Metadata
- Authors
- Na, B., & Webb, R. L.
- Affiliations
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Webb, Ralph L.
- Venue
- International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2004-02
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 899-911
- ISSN
- 0017-9310 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082230330
- Cited by
- 129
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Heat Transfer and Optimization
- Keywords
- frost layer, frost formation, frost growth, surface supersaturation, concentration boundary layer, tortuosity factor, mass diffusion
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