Cited by 346Diabetes and associated disordersT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyDiabetes Management and Research

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Prediction and Pathogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes

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Ziegler, Anette-G., Nepom, Gerald T.·2010·Immunity

DOI 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.03.018PMC PMC2861716

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Abstract

A combination of genetic and immunological features is useful for prediction of autoimmune diabetes. Patterns of immune response correspond to the progression from a preclinical phase of disease to end-stage islet damage, with biomarkers indicating transition from susceptibility to active autoimmunity, and to a final loss of immune regulation. Here, we review the markers that provide evidence for immunological checkpoint failure and that also provide tools for assessment of individualized disease risk. When viewed in the context of genetic variation that influences immune response thresholds, progression from susceptibility to overt disease displays predictable modalities of clinical presentation resulting from a sequential series of failed homeostatic checkpoints for selection and activation of immunity.

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Authors: Ziegler, A.-G., & Nepom, G. T.
Affiliations: TUM Klinikum (DE)
Benaroya Research Institute (US)
Corresponding author: Ziegler, Anette-G.
Nepom, Gerald T.
ORCID: Ziegler, Anette-G.
Nepom, Gerald T.
Venue: Immunity
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-04
Volume: 32
Issue: 4
Pages: 468-478
ISSN: 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2010.03.018
PMC: PMC2861716
OpenAlex: W2047768051
Cited by: 346
References: 101
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 3.08
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1239 d)
Locations: Immunity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
Funders: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
National Institutes of Health
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: type 1 diabetes, autoimmune diabetes, disease prediction, pathogenesis, genetic susceptibility, immune response, biomarkers, immune checkpoint, immune regulation, islet autoimmunity, disease risk assessment, preclinical stage, immune homeostasis
MeSH terms: Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Humans, Risk Factors, Genetic Variation, Biomarkers, Genetic Predisposition to Disease

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Prediction and Pathogenesis in Type 1 Diabetes

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