Gut microbiota, obesity and diabetes
Open accessAbstract
The central role of the intestinal microbiota in the progression and, equally, prevention of metabolic dysfunction is becoming abundantly apparent. The symbiotic relationship between intestinal microbiota and host ensures appropriate development of the metabolic system in humans. However, disturbances in composition and, in turn, functionality of the intestinal microbiota can disrupt gut barrier function, a trip switch for metabolic endotoxemia. This low-grade chronic inflammation, brought about by the influx of inflammatory bacterial fragments into circulation through a malfunctioning gut barrier, has considerable knock-on effects for host adiposity and insulin resistance. Conversely, recent evidence suggests that there are certain bacterial species that may interact with host metabolism through metabolite-mediated stimulation of enteric hormones and other systems outside of the gastrointestinal tract, such as the endocannabinoid system. When the abundance of these keystone species begins to decline, we see a collapse of the symbiosis, reflected in a deterioration of host metabolic health. This review will investigate the intricate axis between the microbiota and host metabolism, while also addressing the promising and novel field of probiotics as metabolic therapies.
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Studies indicate that probiotics can contribute to weight loss and improvement in cardiometabolic parameters.
“with studies indicating that probiotics can contribute to weight loss and an improvement in cardiometabolic parameters.”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [136]
Gut microbiomes play a fundamental role in appetite regulation and have an effect on obesity.
“For this reason, the fundamental role of gut microbiomes in appetite regulation and the resulting effect on obesity is now clear [136]”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [136]
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Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., et al. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2018 · Cited by 5,286 · see citing works
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Gut microbiota modulate neurobehavior through changes in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolism
Soto, M., Herzog, C., Pacheco, J. A., Fujisaka, S., Bullock, K., Clish, C. B., & Kahn, C. R. (2018) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0086-5 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
- Authors
- Patterson, E., Ryan, P. M., Cryan, J. F., Dinan, T. G., Ross, R. P., Fitzgerald, G. F., & Stanton, C.
- Affiliations
- Teagasc - The Irish Agriculture and Food Development Authority (IE)
- University College Cork (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Stanton, Catherine
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2016-02-24
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 1087
- Pages
- 286-300
- ISSN
- 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-0756
- OpenAlex
- W2298848525
- Cited by
- 552
- References
- 233
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 83 · 2023: 86 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 2.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- T-Stór (Teagasc) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI/12/RC/, 12/RC/2273, 12/RC/, SFI/12/RC/2273.)
- Teagasc
- APC Microbiome Institute (SFI/12/RC/2273)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, obesity, diabetes mellitus, intestinal barrier, endotoxemia, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, adiposity, bacterial metabolites, endocannabinoid system, probiotics, metabolic therapy, host-microbe symbiosis
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Disease Progression, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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