The DOI matches its Crossref record; 15 of the 15 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The limitations of model fit in comparing the bi-factor versus higher-order models of human cognitive ability structure
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Comparative fit indexes in structural models.
Bentler, P. M. (1990) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238 · Cited by 25,266
Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach
Steiger, J. H. (1990) · Multivariate Behavioral Research · doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4 · Cited by 7,408
A Reliability Coefficient for Maximum Likelihood Factor Analysis
Tucker, L. R., & Lewis, C. (1973) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02291170 · Cited by 7,330
Analysis of Incomplete Multivariate Data
Schafer, J. L. (1997) · doi:10.1201/9781439821862 · Cited by 6,012
Akaike, H. (1987) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02294359 · Cited by 5,264
Akaike, H. (1987) · Springer Series in Statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-1694-0_29 · Cited by 4,027
Determining the number of components from the matrix of partial correlations
Velicer, W. F. (1976) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02293557 · Cited by 2,438
Reporting practices in confirmatory factor analysis: an overview and some recommendations
Jackson, D. L., Gillaspy, J. A., & Purc-Stephenson, R. (2009) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0014694 · Cited by 2,242
Vrieze, S. I. (2012) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/a0027127 · Cited by 1,948
Sources of human psychological differences: the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart
Bouchard, T. J., Lykken, D. T., McGue, M., Segal, N. L., & Tellegen, A. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2218526 · Cited by 1,373
Cited by
Morin, A. J. S., Arens, A. K., & Marsh, H. W. (2016) · Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.961800 · Cited by 836
Progress in achieving quantitative classification of psychopathology
Krueger, R. F., Kotov, R., Watson, D., Forbes, M. K., Eaton, N. R., Ruggero, C. J., Simms, L. J., Widiger, T. A., Achenbach, T. M., Bach, B., et al. (2018) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/wps.20566 · Cited by 490
The Development and Validation of the State Self-Compassion Scale (Long- and Short Form)
Neff, K. D., Tóth-Király, I., Knox, M. C., Kuchar, A., & Davidson, O. (2021) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-020-01505-4 · Cited by 309
Howard, J. L., Gagné, M., Morin, A. J. S., & Forest, J. (2018) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206316645653 · Cited by 258
García-Batista, Z. E., Guerra-Peña, K., Cano-Vindel, A., Herrera-Martínez, S. X., & Medrano, L. A. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0199750 · Cited by 240
Metadata
- Authors
- Murray, A. L., & Johnson, W.
- Venue
- Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 407-422
- ISSN
- 0160-2896 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1973144881
- Cited by
- 300
- References
- 15
- FWCI
- 22.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The limitations of model fit in comparing the bi-factor versus higher-order models of human cognitive ability structure. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.intell.2013.06.004
- The paper
- Murray, A. L., & Johnson, W. (2013). The limitations of model fit in comparing the bi-factor versus higher-order models of human cognitive ability structure. Intelligence. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2013.06.004
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
