The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Financial viability of electric vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling
Open accessAbstract
Economically viable electric vehicle lithium-ion battery recycling is increasingly needed; however routes to profitability are still unclear. We present a comprehensive, holistic techno-economic model as a framework to directly compare recycling locations and processes, providing a key tool for recycling cost optimization in an international battery recycling economy. We show that recycling can be economically viable, with cost/profit ranging from (−21.43 - +21.91) $·kWh −1 but strongly depends on transport distances, wages, pack design and recycling method. Comparing commercial battery packs, the Tesla Model S emerges as the most profitable, having low disassembly costs and high revenues for its cobalt. In-country recycling is suggested, to lower emissions and transportation costs and secure the materials supply chain. Our model thus enables identification of strategies for recycling profitability.
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Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles
Harper, G., Sommerville, R., Kendrick, E., Driscoll, L., Slater, P., Stolkin, R., Walton, A., Christensen, P., Heidrich, O., Lambert, S., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1682-5 · Cited by 3,890
Self-citationSustainable Recycling Technology for Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond: Challenges and Future Prospects
Fan, E., Li, L., Wang, Z., Lin, J., Huang, Y., Yao, Y., Chen, R., & Wu, F. (2020) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00535 · Cited by 2,020
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Recycling End-of-Life Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Batteries
Chen, M., Ma, X., Chen, B., Arsenault, R., Karlson, P., Simon, N., & Wang, Y. (2019) · Joule · doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.09.014 · Cited by 1,316
Examining different recycling processes for lithium-ion batteries
Ciez, R. E., & Whitacre, J. F. (2019) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-019-0222-5 · Cited by 965
Recycling of lithium-ion batteries: Recent advances and perspectives
Huang, B., Pan, Z., Su, X., & An, L. (2018) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.07.116 · Cited by 945
Mineral Commodity Summaries 1997
(1997) · doi:10.3133/mineral1997 · Cited by 807
Circular economy strategies for electric vehicle batteries reduce reliance on raw materials
Baars, J., Domenech, T., Bleischwitz, R., Melin, H. E., & Heidrich, O. (2020) · Nature Sustainability · doi:10.1038/s41893-020-00607-0 · Cited by 641
Self-citationTransport: A roadblock to climate change mitigation?
Creutzig, F., Jochem, P., Edelenbosch, O. Y., Mattauch, L., Vuuren, D. P. V., McCollum, D., & Minx, J. (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aac8033 · Cited by 576
A review on the growing concern and potential management strategies of waste lithium-ion batteries
Winslow, K. M., Laux, S. J., & Townsend, T. G. (2018) · Resources, Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.11.001 · Cited by 568
Cited by
Environmental impacts, pollution sources and pathways of spent lithium-ion batteries
Mrozik, W., Rajaeifar, M. A., Heidrich, O., & Christensen, P. (2021) · Energy & Environmental Science · doi:10.1039/d1ee00691f · Cited by 1,028
Self-citationLithium-Ion Battery Recycling─Overview of Techniques and Trends
Baum, Z. J., Bird, R. E., Yu, X., & Ma, J. (2022) · ACS Energy Letters · doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02602 · Cited by 747
Lai, X., Chen, Q., Tang, X., Zhou, Y., Gao, F., Guo, Y., Bhagat, R., & Zheng, Y. (2022) · eTransportation · doi:10.1016/j.etran.2022.100169 · Cited by 566
Ji, G., Wang, J., Liang, Z., Jia, K., Ma, J., Zhuang, Z., Zhou, G., & Cheng, H.-M. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-36197-6 · Cited by 518
A Perspective on the Sustainability of Cathode Materials used in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Murdock, B. E., Toghill, K. E., & Tapia‐Ruiz, N. (2021) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.202102028 · Cited by 462
Metadata
- Authors
- Lander, L., Cleaver, T., Rajaeifar, M. A., Nguyen-Tien, V., Elliott, R. J. R., Heidrich, O., Kendrick, E., Edge, J. S., & Offer, G.
- Venue
- iScience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-07
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 102787
- ISSN
- 2589-0042 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3173281103
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 41
- FWCI
- 17.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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