Cited by 24Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

Infant Brain Development and Vulnerability to Later Internalizing Difficulties: The Generation R Study

Open access
Herba, Catherine M., Roza, Sabine J., Govaert, Paul, van Rossum, Joram, Hofman, Albert, Jaddoe, Vincent, Verhulst, Frank C., Tiemeier, Henning·2010·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry

Abstract

Objective Although clinical studies have demonstrated smaller subcortical volumes in structures such as the amygdala, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, and thalamus in adults and adolescents with depressive disorders and anxiety, no study has assessed such structures in babies, long before the development of the disorders. This study examined whether the size of the "gangliothalamic ovoid" (encompassing the basal ganglia and thalamus) assessed during infancy is associated with increased internalizing problems in early childhood.Method Cranial ultrasounds were used to assess gangliothalamic ovoid diameter and ventricular volume at 6 weeks of postnatal age; moreover, head circumference was measured. Outcome data included ratings of internalizing and externalizing problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (reported by mothers and fathers) at 18 and/or 36 months. Analyses were based on a total of 651 children.Results Smaller gangliothalamic diameter was associated with higher Child Behavior Checklist Internalizing scores at ages 18 and 36 months. Results remained significant after correcting for head circumference and were evident for the DSM-oriented subscales of anxiety problems and affective problems. Total ventricular volume was not consistently associated with Internalizing scores.Conclusions Findings associating infant brain measurements with Child Behavior Checklist mother and father reports at two time points are consistent with previous cross-sectional reports of smaller subcortical volumes in depression. Results were not simply reflective of overall brain development, because the pattern held after adjustment for head circumference. This is the first study to point toward a biological vulnerability evident in infancy, involved in the development of internalizing problems in childhood.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.jaac.2010.07.003

Cites

58 of 58 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Rauh H, Steinhausen H, eds. Psychobiology and Early Develop- ment. Oxford: North-Holland; 1987:49-70.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Herba, C. M., Roza, S. J., Govaert, P., van Rossum, J., Hofman, A., Jaddoe, V., Verhulst, F. C., & Tiemeier, H.
Affiliations
  • CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center (CA)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
Corresponding author
Tiemeier, Henning
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2010-10
Volume
49
Issue
10
Pages
1053-1063
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2077831469
Cited by
24
References
58
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
FWCI
2.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords
infant brain development, basal ganglia, thalamus, subcortical volume, ventricular volume, head circumference, internalizing problems, anxiety, emotional problems, biological vulnerability, early childhood, cranial ultrasound, Generation R Study
MeSH terms
Affective Symptoms, Basal Ganglia, Cephalometry, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Echoencephalography, Female, Humans, Infant, Internal-External Control, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Nerve Net, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Risk Factors, Statistics as Topic, Temperament, Thalamus, Cohort Studies, Checklist

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review