The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Molecular Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinase in Atherosclerotic Lesions
Open accessAbstract
Objectives This study sought to evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive detection of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in experimental atherosclerosis using technetium-99m-labeled broad matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor (MPI) and to determine the effect of dietary modification and statin treatment on MMP activity.Background The MMP activity in atherosclerotic lesions contributes to the vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques to rupture.Methods Atherosclerosis was produced in 34 New Zealand White rabbits by balloon de-endotheliazation of the abdominal aorta and a high-cholesterol diet. In addition, 12 unmanipulated rabbits were used as controls and 3 for blood clearance characteristics. In vivo micro-single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was performed after radiolabeled MPI administration. Subsequently, aortas were explanted to quantitatively measure percent injected dose per gram (%ID/g) MPI uptake. Histological and immunohistochemical characterization was performed and the extent of MMP activity was determined by gel zymography or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results The MPI uptake in atherosclerotic lesions (n = 18) was clearly visualized by micro-SPECT imaging; MPI uptake was markedly reduced by administration of unlabeled MPI before the radiotracer (n = 4). The MPI uptake was also significantly reduced after diet withdrawal (n = 6) and fluvastatin treatment (n = 6); no uptake was observed in normal control rabbits (n = 12). The %ID/g MPI uptake (0.10 +/- 0.03%) in the atherosclerotic lesions was significantly higher than the uptake in control aorta (0.016 +/- 0.004%, p < 0.0001). Uptake in fluvastatin (0.056 +/- 0.011%, p < 0.0005) and diet withdrawal groups (0.043 +/- 0.011%, p < 0.0001) was lower than the untreated group. The MPI uptake correlated with immunohistochemically verified macrophage infiltration (r = 0.643, p < 0.0001), and MMP-2 (r = 0.542, p < 0.0001) or MMP-9 (r = 0.578, p < 0.0001) expression in plaques.Conclusions The present data show the feasibility of noninvasive detection of MMP activity in atherosclerotic plaques, and confirm that dietary modification and statin therapy reduce MMP activity.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“To detect different aspects of atherosclerotic disease more specifically, various radioactive tracers have been developed145–147.”
From Perspectives and opportunities for nanomedicine in the management of atherosclerosis (2011) · cites this paper as [145]
Citations
Cites
Visse, R., & Nagase, H. (2003) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.0000070112.80711.3d · Cited by 4,575
Virmani, R., Kolodgie, F. D., Burke, A. P., Farb, A., & Schwartz, S. M. (2000) · Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.20.5.1262 · Cited by 4,084
Galis, Z. S., Sukhova, G. K., Lark, M. W., & Libby, P. (1994) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117619 · Cited by 2,537
Pathology of the Vulnerable Plaque
Virmani, R., BURKE, A. P., Farb, A. A., & Kolodgie, F. D. (2006) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2005.10.065 · Cited by 2,358
Davies, M. J., & Thomas, A. C. (1985) · Heart · doi:10.1136/hrt.53.4.363 · Cited by 1,985
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Vascular Remodeling and Atherogenesis
Galis, Z. S., & Khatri, J. J. (2002) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/res.90.3.251 · Cited by 1,965
van der Wal, A. C., Becker, A. E., van der Loos, C. M., & Das, P. K. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.89.1.36 · Cited by 1,921
Matrix metalloproteinases in vascular remodeling and atherogenesis: the good, the bad, and the ugly.
Galis, Z. S., & Khatri, J. J. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 1,787
Coronary Plaque Erosion Without Rupture Into a Lipid Core
Farb, A. A., BURKE, A. P., Tang, A. L., Liang, Y.-H., Mannan, P., Smialek, J. E., & Virmani, R. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.7.1354 · Cited by 1,272
Macrophage infiltration in acute coronary syndromes. Implications for plaque rupture.
Moreno, P., Falk, E., Palacios, I. F., Newell, J. B., Fuster, V., & Fallon, J. T. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.90.2.775 · Cited by 1,105
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Shah, 1995, Human monocyte-derived macrophage induce collagen breakdown in fibrous caps of atherosclerotic plaques, Circulation, 92, 1565
- Fujimoto, 2007, Molecular Imaging of matrix metalloproteinase in atherosclerotic lesions: resolution with dietary modification and statin therapy, Circulation, 116
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–133 of 133
Advances in positron emission tomography tracers related to vascular calcification
Yang, W., Zhong, Z., Feng, G., & Wang, Z. (2022) · Annals of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12149-022-01771-3 · Cited by 2
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Tawakol, A. A., Narula, J., Narula, J., Narula, J., Narula, J., & Jaffer, F. A. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5551-6_12 · Cited by 3
Self-citationCurrent Clinical Status of Vascular Non-Invasive Imaging Methodologies
Bragadeesh, T., & Tweddel, A. C. (2011) · Advances in bioinformatics and biomedical engineering book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-095-8.ch018 · Cited by 2
Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging
Morrison, A., Wu, J. C., & Sadeghi, M. M. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199392094.003.0029 · Cited by 2
The Difficulty of Determining Disease Activity in Large Artery Vasculitis
Olin, J. W., & Narula, N. (2017) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2016.10.010 · Cited by 2
Self-citationMolecular Imaging of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Vulnerable Plaque in Atherosclerosis
Ding, J., & Teng, G.-J. (2011) · Acta Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1260.2011.00312 · Cited by 1
Molecular Imaging of Vascular Inflammation, Atherosclerosis, and Thrombosis
Jane‐wit, D., & Sadeghi, M. M. (2012) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-906-8_5 · Cited by 1
Residual Risk and Biology of the Disease: Implications for Plaque Imaging
Kataoka, Y., & Nicholls, S. J. (2014) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0572-0_1 · Cited by 1
Carotid Plaque Imaging with SPECT/CT and PET/CT
Slart, R. H. J. A., Boersma, H. H., & Zeebregts, C. J. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53168-3_21 · Cited by 1
Self-citationOsborn, E. A., & Jaffer, F. A. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-386456-7.07606-1 · Cited by 1
Imaging of vulnerable plaque: Potential breakthrough or pipe dream?
Laitinen, I., & Knuuti, J. M. (2009) · Current Cardiovascular Imaging Reports · doi:10.1007/s12410-009-0021-x · Cited by 1
Imaging in Cardiovascular Research
Schäfers, M. A., Kuhlmann, M. T., Stegger, L., Schäfers, K. P., & Hermann, S. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-42202-2_27
Carotid Plaque Imaging with SPECT/CT and PET/CT
Slart, R. H. J. A., Boersma, H. H., & Zeebregts, C. J. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-54307-4_22
Self-citationJagat Narula, MD, PhD: A conversation with the editor
Narula, J., & Roberts, W. C. (2014) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.03.052
Self-citationTargeted Molecular Imaging to Detect Vascular Disease
Driessen, W. H. P., & Kee, P. H. (2010) · Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports · doi:10.1007/s12170-010-0116-6
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Kee, P., & Driessen, W. H. P. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7222-4_23
From myocardium to the atherosclerotic plaque: new perspectives in cardiologic imaging
Gargiulo, P., D’Amore, C., Dellegrottaglie, S., Leosco, D., Rengo, G., Musella, F., Pirozzi, E., Mosca, S., Casaretti, L., Formisano, R., et al. (2015) · Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease · doi:10.4081/monaldi.2011.190
Progress of Molecular Imaging in Vulnerable Atherosclerosis Plaque
Wang, Y., Wang, S., & Cao, F. (2011) · Acta Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1260.2011.00319
Radionuclide Imaging of Inflammation in Atheroma
Strausś, H. W., Verjans, J. W. H., Zaret, B. L., & Narula, J. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-05796-7.00076-x
Self-citationUltra-high-resolution quantitative multi-pinhole small-animal SPECT
Wu, C. (2013) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)
Imaging the vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque
Vancraeynest, D., & Vanoverschelde, J. (2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780198703341.003.0022
Gargiulo, P., Dellegrottaglie, S., Leosco, D., Rengo, G., Musella, F., Pirozzi, E., Mosca, S., Casaretti, L., Formisano, R., Bologna, A., et al. (2011)
Matusiak, N. (2015) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology)
de Haas, H. J., & Narula, J. (2017) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s12350-017-0850-y
Self-citationAdvances in cardiovascular imaging
Rollins, A. M. (2019) · Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.cobme.2019.05.001
Imaging in Cardiovascular Research
Schäfers, M. A., Tiemann, K., Kuhlmann, M. T., Stegger, L., Schäfers, K. P., & Hermann, S. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-12945-2_31
Molecular Imaging of Atherosclerosis
Osborn, E. A., Albaghdadi, M. S., Libby, P., & Jaffer, F. A. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00086-7
Paeng, J.-C. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0802-5_21
Fibrotic Disease: from Signaling Pathways and Biomarkers to Molecular Imaging
Ghazaiean, M., Riss, P. J., Mardanshahi, A., & Molavipordanjani, S. (2025) · Molecular Imaging and Biology · doi:10.1007/s11307-025-02038-9
Cardiovascular Nuclear Medicine: Beyond Perfusion
Malik, A. R., Malik, M. M. U. D., & Alqahtani, M. M. (2025) · BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS eBooks · doi:10.2174/9798898813543125010012
Intravascular position-sensitive positron-counting catheter for atherosclerotic plaques
Nakahara, T., Fujimoto, S., Narula, J., Strausś, H. W., Narula, N., Minamino, T., Daida, H., & Jinzaki, M. (2026) · EJNMMI Physics · doi:10.1186/s40658-026-00861-9
Self-citationApplications of Molecular Small-Animal Imaging in Cardiology
Marfatia, R., Tavakoli, S., & Sadeghi, M. M. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0894-3_20
Clinical Feasibility and Monitoring of the Effects of Anti-inflammatory Therapy in Atherosclerosis
Tahara, N., Tahara, A., & Yamagishi, S. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09268-3_16
Metadata
- Authors
- Fujimoto, S., Hartung, D., Ohshima, S., Edwards, D. S., Zhou, J., Yalamanchili, P., Azure, M., Fujimoto, A., Isobe, S., Matsumoto, Y., Boersma, H., Wong, N., Yamazaki, J., Narula, N., Petrov, A., & Narula, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Bristol-Myers Squibb (United States) (US)
- Toho University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Petrov, Artiom
- Venue
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-12
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 1847-1857
- ISSN
- 0735-1097 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2141910805
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 5.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of the American College of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL078681)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
- Keywords
- matrix metalloproteinases, atherosclerosis, MMP-2, MMP-9, plaque vulnerability, macrophage infiltration, fluvastatin, statin therapy, high-cholesterol diet, rabbit model, atherosclerotic plaque imaging, radiotracer clearance
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aorta, Abdominal, Combined Modality Therapy, Immunohistochemistry, Macrophages, Male, Models, Chemical, Rabbits, Technetium, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Atherosclerosis, Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
