The epidemiological modelling of dysthymia: Application for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010
Abstract
Background In order to capture the differences in burden between the subtypes of depression, the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study for the first time estimated the burden of dysthymia and major depressive disorder separately from the previously used umbrella term 'unipolar depression'. A global summary of epidemiological parameters are necessary inputs in burden of disease calculations for 21 world regions, males and females and for the year 1990, 2005 and 2010. This paper reports findings from a systematic review of global epidemiological data and the subsequent development of an internally consistent epidemiological model of dysthymia.Methods A systematic search was conducted to identify data sources for the prevalence, incidence, remission and excess-mortality of dysthymia using Medline, PsycINFO and EMBASE electronic databases and grey literature. DisMod-MR, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was used to check the epidemiological parameters for internal consistency and to predict estimates for world regions with no or few data.Results The systematic review identified 38 studies meeting inclusion criteria which provided 147 data points for 30 countries in 13 of 21 world regions. Prevalence increases in the early ages, peaking at around 50 years. Females have higher prevalence of dysthymia than males. Global pooled prevalence remained constant across time points at 1.55% (95%CI 1.50-1.60). There was very little regional variation in prevalence estimates.Limitations There were eight GBD world regions for which we found no data for which DisMod-MR had to impute estimates.Conclusion The addition of internally consistent epidemiological estimates by world region, age, sex and year for dysthymia contributed to a more comprehensive estimate of mental health burden in GBD 2010.
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There were 106 million cases of dysthymia in 2010.
“This finding was driven by high prevalence estimates with 298 million MDD cases in 2010 [2] and 106 million cases of dysthymia [3].”
From Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
There was no evidence of deaths or excess mortality attributable to dysthymia.
“We found no evidence of deaths attributable to dysthymia; this was consistent with our investigations into the epidemiology of dysthymia, finding no excess mortality attributable to the disorder [3].”
From Burden of depressive disorders by country, sex, age, and year: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
A consistent pattern was found across countries and socio-demographic subgroups within countries: the association between depression and the decrement in perceived health was larger than for any of the four physical disorders considered (angina, arthritis, asthma, diabetes).
“A consistent pattern was found across countries and socio-demographic subgroups within countries: the association between depression and the decrement in perceived health was larger than for any of the four physical disorders considered (angina, arthritis, asthma, diabetes).”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [136]
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“Lifetime estimates were excluded as they are most likely influenced by recall bias (Kruijshaar et al., 2005; Moffitt et al., 2010; Simon and Vonkorff, 1995; Susser and Shrout, 2010).”
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- Authors
- Charlson, F. J., Ferrari, A. J., Flaxman, A. D., & Whiteford, H. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- University of Washington (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 151
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 111-120
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2166748277
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Keywords
- dysthymia, major depressive disorder, depression subtypes, global burden of disease, prevalence, incidence, remission, excess mortality, sex differences, age differences, epidemic modeling, Bayesian meta-regression, mental health burden
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Global Health, Models, Statistical, Incidence, Prevalence, Cost of Illness, Dysthymic Disorder, Young Adult
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