Bridging the “digital divide”: A comparison of use and effectiveness of an online intervention for depression between Baby Boomers and Millennials
Abstract
Background Psychological online interventions (POIs) for depression have demonstrated promising effects. However, there are fewer randomized controlled studies on POIs among older adults with depression. The goal of the present study was to compare the use and efficacy of Deprexis, an online intervention for depression, among Millennials (18-35 years) and Baby Boomers (50-65 years).Methods We completed a secondary data analysis on a subset (N = 577) of participants in the EVIDENT trial, a parallel-groups, pragmatic, randomized, controlled single-blind study, which compared a 12-week POI (Deprexis) to care as usual (CAU). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3 months (post-assessment) and 6 months (follow-up). The main outcome of interest was change on self-rated depression severity (PHQ-9).Results Compared to Millennials, Boomers used the intervention significantly more often (d = 0.45) and for a longer duration (d = 0.46), and endorsed more positive attitudes towards POIs (d = 0.14). There was no significant Age Group by Intervention Group interaction for change in PHQ-9. The post-assessment between-group effect size (intervention vs. CAU control) for Millennials and Boomers were d = 0.26 and d = 0.39, respectively, and were stable at follow-up (d = 0.37 and d = 0.39).Limitations Age-based dichotomization may not accurately represent participants' experiences with and use of technology.Conclusions The POI examined in this trial was superior to CAU and was comparably effective among groups of adults defined as Millennials and Baby Boomers. Adults of the Baby Boomer generation who participate in POIs may have more positive attitudes towards POIs compared to their younger counterparts.
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A total of 6 studies found that higher engagement was seen with adults aged ≥30 years.
“A total of 6 studies found that higher engagement was seen with adults aged ≥30 years [54,57,64,65,69-71].”
From Barriers to and facilitators of user engagement with digital mental health interventions: Systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as [70]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Schneider, B. C., Schröder, J., Berger, T., Hohagen, F., Meyer, B., Späth, C., Greiner, W., Hautzinger, M., Lutz, W., Rose, M., Vettorazzi, E., Moritz, S., & Klein, J. P.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- University of London (GB)
- Bielefeld University (DE)
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Universität Trier (DE)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schneider, Brooke C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 236
- Pages
- 243-251
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2801510332
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 3
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2018-12-01)
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BORIS (University Library Bern) (submittedVersion)
- PUB – Publications at Bielefeld University (Bielefeld University) (submittedVersion)
- Publikationen an der Universität Bielefeld (Universität Bielefeld) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- German Federal Ministry of Health (II A 5-2512 FSB 052)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- online psychological intervention, depression, digital divide, baby boomers, millennials, Deprexis, older adults, intervention use, age differences in technology use
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Online Systems, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Psychotherapy, Cohort Effect, Single-Blind Method, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Comparative Effectiveness Research, Pragmatic Clinical Trials as Topic, Digital Divide
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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