Biomass and oil production by Chlorella vulgaris and four other microalgae—Effects of salinity and other factors
Abstract
Five nominally freshwater microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Choricystis minor, Neochloris sp., Pseudococcomyxa simplex, Scenedesmus sp.) with a known ability to produce high-levels of lipids for possible use as fuel oils were evaluated for their ability to thrive and produce lipids in seawater and brackish water. Only C. vulgaris was found to thrive and produce lipids in full strength seawater. Seawater tolerant strains of C. vulgaris are unusual. Lipid productivity in nutrient sufficient seawater exceeded 37mgL-1 d-1 and was nearly 2-fold greater than in freshwater. Although other microalgae such as C. minor had higher lipid productivities (e.g. 45mgL-1 d-1), they did not thrive in seawater. The lipid content of the C. vulgaris biomass was nearly 16% by dry weight. The calorific value of the seawater-grown C. vulgaris biomass exceeded 25kJg-1. Compared to continuously illuminated cultures, a 12/12h light-dark cycle reduced lipid productivity of C. vulgaris by ∼30%, but did not affect the lipid content of the biomass. Biomass yield on phosphate was nearly 27% higher in seawater compared to in freshwater. While C. vulgaris has been extensively studied in freshwater, it has not been examined to any detail in full strength seawater. Studies in seawater are essential for any future large scale production of algal oils for biofuels: seawater is available cheaply and in large amounts whereas there is a global shortage of freshwater.
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Microalgae grow in fresh or saltwater, but also in extreme conditions.
“Microalgae grow in fresh or saltwater [7], but also in extreme conditions [5].”
From The Perspective of Large-Scale Production of Algae Biodiesel (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
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- Authors
- Luangpipat, T., & Chisti, Y.
- Affiliations
- Massey University (NZ)
- Venue
- Journal of Biotechnology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 257
- Pages
- 47-57
- ISSN
- 0168-1656 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2559113542
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 0.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Biotechnology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Neste Oil Corporation, Porvoo, Finland
- Nakhon Sawan Rajabhat University, Nakhonsawan, Thailand
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Keywords
- Chlorella vulgaris, microalgae, lipid production, seawater tolerance, brackish water, algal biofuels, Scenedesmus, light-dark cycle, biomass yield, phosphate, calorific value, salinity
- MeSH terms
- Culture Media, Freeze Drying, Fresh Water, Fuel Oils, Kinetics, Lipids, Models, Biological, Nitrates, Phosphates, Seawater, Biomass, Bioreactors, Scenedesmus, Chlorella vulgaris, Salinity, Biofuels, Microalgae
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