The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 17 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic—evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Purpose The aim of this review was to estimate the effect of COVID-19-related restrictions (i.e., stay at home orders, lockdown orders) on reported incidents of domestic violence. Methods A systematic review of articles was conducted in various databases and a meta-analysis was also performed. The search was carried out based on conventional scientific standards that are outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and studies needed to meet certain criteria. Results Analyses were conducted with a random effects restricted maximum likelihood model. Eighteen empirical studies (and 37 estimates) that met the general inclusion criteria were used. Results showed that most study estimates were indicative of an increase in domestic violence post-lockdowns. The overall mean effect size was 0.66 (CI: 0.08–1.24). The effects were stronger when only US studies were considered. Conclusion Incidents of domestic violence increased in response to stay-at-home/lockdown orders, a finding that is based on several studies from different cities, states, and several countries around the world.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
15 Not checked yet · 15 Own result · 11 Own interpretation · 3 Own method · 2 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results showed that most study estimates were indicative of an increase in domestic violence post-lockdowns.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“29 study estimates that reported an increase in domestic violence during the post-COVID-19 pandemic's emergence and post-COVID-19-related restrictions”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · boosted
“the results of which showed an overwhelming increase (pre-post) in reports of domestic violence.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Abstract > Results
boostedcorrelationaln = 18- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“If we were to calculate an overall pre−/post- percentage difference, our results would indicate that the average of the 37 positive and negative %-changes amounts to a 7.86% increase in domestic violence.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
hedgeddirectn = 18- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While this systematic review provides strong evidence of increased officially reported domestic violence as a consequence of the COVID-19 stay-at-home and lockdown orders, the exact nature and context of the increase remains unknown.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Fig. 2b reports these same results but for only the US-based studies and the result %-change in domestic violence indicates that the average of 31 positive and negative %-changes equates to an 8.10% increase in domestic violence.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
hedgeddirectn = 12- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“all of the studies were either published in 2020 or 2021, in press/forthcoming in 2021, or in progress in 2020/2021 (non-peer-reviewed, unpublished manuscripts).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The overall mean effect size was 0.66 (CI: 0.08–1.24).”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“The overall mean effect size generated from a random effects restricted maximum likelihood model was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.08–1.24; z = 2.24, p < .05)”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“showed an overall medium effect size of 0.66.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The effect sizes from the included studies are comparable enough to be pooled in a meta-analysis.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The effects were stronger when only US studies were considered.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“Among only the US-based studies (7 studies, 12 effect sizes), the mean effect size increases to 0.87 (95% CI: 0.14–1.59).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Abstract > Results
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Specifically, 29 of the 37 study estimates showed a significant increase.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the domestic violence pre-post COVID-19-related restrictions data was derived from administrative/official records from police crime/incident reports, police calls for service, domestic violence hotline registries, or health records.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Eighteen empirical studies (and 37 estimates) that met the general inclusion criteria were used.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“the penultimate (for study analyses) search yielded 18 empirical studies that met the general inclusion criteria”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“we ended with 18 studies that were included in the systematic review”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Abstract > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
- Probably not a substantial claim. 15
- It may state two separate claims as one. 19
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“much of the early work that has focused on crime changes in response to the pandemic-related lockdown orders relies on short windows of observations, a few weeks or months.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There was a wide geographic representation among the studies, with 12 studies being based in the United States”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“other study sites representing countries around the world including Mexico (de la Miyar et al., 2021), Italy (Campedelli et al., 2021), Sweden (Gerell et al., 2021), Australia (Payne & Morgan, 2020), Argentina (Perez-Vincent et al., 2020), and India (Ravindran & Shah, 2020).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Fig. 3a provides a forest plot illustrating the distribution of the effect sizes with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals and related weights for the 12 studies (17 effect sizes).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the majority of the effect sizes are positive (15 out of 17) and significant (12 out of 17)”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Beginning with over 22,000 records identified at the outset of the search”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“our initial research started with over 22,000 records identified through database searches”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The 18 studies frequently focused on a short time frame (i.e., weeks or months) for the pre- and post-COVID-related restrictions domestic violence outcome data, although many studies included pre-COVID-related restrictions data from the prior year or years (i.e., pre-2020)”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Eighteen empirical studies (and 37 estimates) that met the general inclusion criteria were used.”
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
“According to the 37 %-change estimates available from the 18 included studies”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · plain
“These 18 studies yielded a total of 37 estimates”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Abstract > Results
plainn = 18- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Also stated in: § Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“eight of the study estimates reported a decrease in domestic violence (range = −0.28% to −77.0%) compared to the 29 study estimates that reported an increase in domestic violence during the post-COVID-19 pandemic's emergence and post-COVID-19-related restrictions (range = +0.60% to +75.0%).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
plainn = 18- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“our work relies on official records, which suffer from a variety of problems.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
In the paper
“Research has already demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among parents and children with respect to social isolation, loneliness, and depression.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Patrick et al. (2020) source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Chandan et al. (2020) note that the selection bias associated with police, healthcare, and other administrative datasets consistently underestimate the extent and impact of domestic violence, a well-established finding in research before the pandemic.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Chandan et al. (2020) source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“As Phelps and Sperry (2020) note, for many children, schools are their only option for mental health services and trauma-informed care and support—not to mention adequate nutrition.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Phelps and Sperry (2020)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“This systematic search of the extant literature was carried out based on conventional scientific standards that are outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P; Moher et al., 2015; Shamseer et al., 2015)”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Systematic search strategy
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The stay-at-home measures have placed those most vulnerable to violence and abuse in close proximity to their potential abuser, and this may lead to a continued increase in the risk factors associated with domestic violence.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Moreover, the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on unemployment among women, which is estimated to be four times greater for women as compared to men (Sasser Modestino, 2020; Tappe, 2020), along with their increasing responsibility for childcare and home-schooling, will exacerbate the financial challenges of women trying to navigate leaving violent relationships.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Sasser Modestino, 2020
- Not checked yetcites Tappe, 2020
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“publication bias/small study effects were formally evaluated with the Begg test (Begg & Mazumdar, 1994),5 and the result from this test did not detect any significant publication bias/small study effects (Begg: z = −0.37, p = .77).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Begg & Mazumdar, 1994 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In addition, the gendered impacts of the pandemic will be far-reaching and in need of sustained research and policy attention (Wenhma, Smith, & Morgan, 2020), especially those programs and policies that are the intersection between women and children such as income transfer programs.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Wenhma, Smith, & Morgan, 2020 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“They conclude that without ongoing data collection and surveillance, it will not be possible to estimate the total burden of domestic violence both during and after the pandemic.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Chandan et al. (2020) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pandemic may have also served as the catalyst for those who were victims prior to the pandemic to report their experiences due to the increased incidence and severity of violence by their previously abusive partners.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The governor of Puerto Rico recently declared a state of emergency related to gender-based violence, noting it to be a serious social and public health problem that has gotten worse as a function of the territory's economic turmoil, Hurricane Maria, and now the COVID-19 pandemic (Florido, 2021).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Florido, 2021
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The financial stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic has been unprecedented and is likely to disproportionately impact victims and survivors of domestic violence in the long-term.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“There is strong evidence to suggest that women's physical and mental health, including the risk of first-time or escalating domestic violence, is connected to the consequences of natural disasters and epidemics, including social isolation, economic instability, and increasing relationship and family conflict (Campbell & Jones, 2016; Parkinson, 2019).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Campbell & Jones, 2016
- Not checked yetcites Parkinson, 2019 source
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“while our results rely on the available research that met our inclusion criteria that exists at this time, it remains a sampling of the work that is being done and not yet known.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Increased reporting to the police, emergency rooms, and other healthcare settings may be a function of an increased number of victimizations, but also an increase in the decisions by some victims to call the police and seek criminal justice interventions.”
- Also stated in: § Conclusion and policy implications · plain
“That is, changes in official reporting rates reflect both a change in extent of victimization experiences, but also the help-seeking decisions of those who were victims of domestic violence prior to and during the pandemic.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Conclusion and policy implications · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“and it is certainly possible that these effects are magnified for women and children of color, immigrants or refugees, and/or households that speak a language other than English.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Research by Patrick et al. (2020) finds that in the year since the beginning of the pandemic, a quarter of parents reported worsening mental health for themselves and a 14% worsening in the behavioral health of their children.”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Conclusion and policy implications
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Patrick et al. (2020) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
The observed changes in domestic violence are attributable to COVID-19-related restrictions rather than other concurrent pandemic-related factors.
“Incidents of domestic violence increased in response to stay-at-home/lockdown orders”
“the evidence is strong that incidents of domestic violence increased in response to stay-at-home/lockdown orders”
The paper relies on this without support.
Stay-at-home orders and the economic impact of the pandemic heightened factors associated with domestic violence, such as male unemployment, childcare stress, financial insecurity, and maladaptive coping.
“Combined, the stay-at-home orders as well as the economic impact of the pandemic heightened the factors that tend to be associated with domestic violence: increased male unemployment, the stress of childcare and homeschooling, increased financial insecurity, and maladaptive coping strategies.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Official or administrative records are a valid measure of changes in domestic violence incidence.
“the domestic violence data must have been derived from administrative/official pre-post records (i.e., not retrospective self-reports; see e.g., Hamadani et al. (2020) and Morgan and Boxall (2020)).”
“our work relies on official records, which suffer from a variety of problems.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The effect sizes from the included studies are comparable enough to be pooled in a meta-analysis.
“effect sizes were generated for those included studies that reported sufficient information for an effect size to be calculated”
“The overall mean effect size generated from a random effects restricted maximum likelihood model was 0.66”
The paper relies on this without support.
The COVID-19 pandemic and related restrictions can be treated as a single treatment for meta-analysis.
“indicating that “the treatment” (i.e., the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19-related restrictions) increased domestic violence.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Factors generally linked to domestic violence—such as isolation, financial strain, marital conflict, and substance use—are and will remain more common during the pandemic.
“but that have and will continue to be more prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Many women remain at risk of new or ongoing domestic violence because they depend financially on male partners.
“Women's economic dependence on male partners will continue to place many women at risk for new and continued domestic violence.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Women faced an epidemic of domestic violence alongside the COVID-19 pandemic, as confirmed in several meta-analyses.”
From The Lancet Commission on lessons for the future from the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as [301]
Statistics that don’t add up
Each reported p-value recomputed from its test statistic and degrees of freedom.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
“z = −0.37, p = .77”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
Reported p = .77 · recomputed p = .711
Statistics recomputed
Every reported test result, recomputed from its test statistic and degrees of freedom. A result shows as not adding up only once an independent check has confirmed it.
- Doesn’t add upz = -0.37reported p = .77 · recomputed p = .711
“z = −0.37, p = .77”
- Consistentz = 2.24reported p < .05 · recomputed p = .025
“z = 2.24, p < .05”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
“| 18 | Rhodes et al. | 2020 | Trauma Center in South Carolina, USA |”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > References
“*Rhodes H.X. Petersen K. Lunsford L. Biswas S. COVID-19 resilience for survival: occurrence of domestic violence during lockdown at a rural American college of surgeons verified level one trauma center Cureus 12 8 2021 in press”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
“6 studies were in progress in 2021 (Bullinger, Carr, & Packham, 2020; Leslie & Wilson, 2020; McLay, 2021; Payne & Morgan, 2020; Perez-Vincent, Carreras, Gibbons, Murphy, & Rossi, 2020; Ravindran & Shah, 2020).”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
“| 15 | Perez-Vincent et al. | In progress, 2020 | Buenos Aires, Argentina |”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
“including Mexico (de la Miyar et al., 2021), Italy (Campedelli et al., 2021), Sweden (Gerell et al., 2021)”
§ Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis > Results
“| 3 | Campedelli et al. | In press, 2021 | Los Angeles, CA, USA |”
Citations
Cites
PRISMA-P Group, Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., & Stewart, L. A. (2015) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/2046-4053-4-1 · Cited by 26,223
Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias
Begg, C. B., & Mazumdar, M. (1994) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2533446 · Cited by 16,955
Shamseer, L., Moher, D., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., Shekelle, P., Stewart, L. A., & the PRISMA-P Group (2015) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.g7647 · Cited by 13,120
Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1562 · Cited by 2,089
Widom, C. S. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2704995 · Cited by 1,976
COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak
Wenham, C., Smith, J., & Morgan, R. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30526-2 · Cited by 1,701
Well-being of parents and children during the COVID-19 pandemic: A national survey
Patrick, S. W., Henkhaus, L. E., Zickafoose, J. S., Lovell, K., Halvorson, A., Loch, S., Letterie, M., & Davis, M. M. (2020) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2020-016824 · Cited by 1,200 · cited 2×
“Research by Patrick et al. (2020) finds that in the year since the beginning of the pandemic, a quarter of parents re-ported worsening mental health for themselves and a 14% worsening in the behavioral health of their children.”
Alarming trends in US domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic
Boserup, B., McKenney, M. G., & Elkbuli, A. (2020) · The American Journal of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2020.04.077 · Cited by 774
Sheltering in place and domestic violence: Evidence from calls for service during COVID-19
Leslie, E., & Wilson, R. (2020) · Journal of Public Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104241 · Cited by 528
Hamadani, J. D., Hasan, M. I., Baldi, A., Hossain, S. J., Shiraji, S., Bhuiyan, M. S. A., Mehrin, S. F., Fisher, J., Tofail, F., Tipu, S. M. M. U., et al. (2020) · The Lancet Global Health · doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30366-1 · Cited by 479
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Campbell, 2016, An innovative response to family violence after the Canterbury earthquake events: Canterbury family violence collaboration’s achievements, successes, and challenges, Australasian Journal of Disaster and Trauma Studies, 20, 89
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 756
de Beurs, E., Rademacher, C., Blankers, M., Peen, J., Dekker, J., & Goudriaan, A. E. (2023) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15184 · Cited by 3
Female empowerment and crime patterns in Malaysia: A non-linear analysis
Shaari, M. S., Abidin, N. Z., Majekodunmi, T. B., Rani, M. J. A., Ridzuan, A. R., & Handayani, B. D. (2023) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100798 · Cited by 3
Downes, L., & Barbosa, E. C. (2024) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-023-02203-5 · Cited by 3
Kruisbergen, E. W., Haas, M., Moolenaar, D. E. G., van Es, L., Snijders, J., Houwing, L., & Stickle, B. (2024) · European Journal of Criminology · doi:10.1177/14773708241226541 · Cited by 3
Hamedanian, F. (2024) · Dignity A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence · doi:10.23860/dignity.2024.09.01.01 · Cited by 2
Narvey, C. S., Kaukinen, C. E., Piquero, N. L., & Piquero, A. R. (2024) · Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/10439862241245880 · Cited by 3
Self-citationZhang, B. (2024) · Victims & Offenders · doi:10.1080/15564886.2024.2410343 · Cited by 6
Latif, H., Timmer, A., Tessler, H., Iesue, L. T., & Jawaid, A. (2024) · International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology · doi:10.1177/0306624x241288967 · Cited by 3
Opening the Black Box of Police Operations and Crime During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Koper, C. S., Lum, C. M., Wu, X., & Khatchatourian, H. (2024) · Police Quarterly · doi:10.1177/10986111241297933 · Cited by 3
The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Family Violence: A Meta-Analytical Investigation
Haddadou, M., Dellazizzo, L., Simoes-Gomes, T., Giguère, C., & Dumais, A. (2025) · COVID · doi:10.3390/covid5020013 · Cited by 3
Five Years After the COVID-19 Pandemic: Old Problems and New Challenges in Forensic Pathology
Chisari, M. G., Francaviglia, M., Franco, S., Volonnino, G., Rinaldi, R., Fazio, N. D., & Mauro, L. D. (2025) · Forensic Sciences · doi:10.3390/forensicsci5020020 · Cited by 3
Sexual and intimate citizenship in a Time of Pandemic
Ashby, D., Banerjea, N., Baker, P., Borisa, D., Browne, K., Feliciantonio, C. D., Feghali, Z., Kerrigan, D., McAuliffe, M., Neary, A., et al. (2022) · LIAS Working Paper Series · doi:10.29311/lwps.202274079 · Cited by 3
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on education and society
Dagdia, Z. C., & Silva, A. C. S. E. (2022) · STEM Education · doi:10.3934/steme.2022013 · Cited by 4
Moore, B. C., Clements, C. M., & Turton, E. (2023) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012231182413 · Cited by 2
Murphy, E. J., Svob, C., van Dijk, M. T., Gameroff, M. J., Yangchen, T., WICKRAMARATNE, P. J., Weissman, M. M., & Talati, A. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.009 · Cited by 2
Ukoji, V. U., & Ukoji, V. N. (2024) · BMJ Public Health · doi:10.1136/bmjph-2023-000633 · Cited by 2
Jackson, K. T., Mantler, T., Davidson, C. A., & Siwik, E. (2024) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-024-03973-9 · Cited by 3
Yarandi, R. B., Biglarian, A., Nejad, F. N., Roshanfekr, P., & Behboudi‐Gandevani, S. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/60963 · Cited by 2
Suicidal behavior in patients with severe mental disorders prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Mittendorfer‐Rutz, E., Bergström, J., Josefsson, P., Taipale, H. T., Sijbrandij, M., Witteveen, A. B., Compagnoni, M. M., Lora, A., Félez-Nóbrega, M., Haro, J. M., et al. (2024) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s003329172400299x · Cited by 2
Domestic violence and the spatial-moral order of home in calls to police
Tennent, E., & Richardson, E. (2025) · Journal of Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1108/jcp-12-2024-0136 · Cited by 2
The gendered effects of COVID-19 on well-being: a household perspective
Patzina, A., Collischon, M., & Kroh, J. (2025) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcaf022 · Cited by 2
Anxiety disorders in the Middle East and North Africa region; 1990 to 2021
Aletaha, R., Kolahi, A., Mousavi, Z. A., Sullman, M. J. M., & Safiri, S. (2025) · Acta Neuropsychiatrica · doi:10.1017/neu.2025.10023 · Cited by 3
McDonald, H. S., Lambdin, B. H., Lattimore, P. K., Silver, I. A., Pope, M., Wire, S. E., & Kral, A. H. (2025) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2025.104932 · Cited by 2
Hot tempers: Differential effects of heat and drought on domestic violence
Rizzotto, J. S., Sims, K. M., & Gibbs, H. (2025) · Review of Economics of the Household · doi:10.1007/s11150-025-09806-0 · Cited by 2
Han, M.-H., Chae, S., & Lee, S. (2025) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2025.104577 · Cited by 2
Crime, Criminal Justice System, and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ivković, S. K., & Maskály, J. (2022) · International Criminology · doi:10.1007/s43576-022-00053-2 · Cited by 2
Yazdy, N. S., Talaeı, A., Ebrahimi, M., Ivari, A. G., Pouriran, M. A., Farıdhosseını, F., & Ardabili, H. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.954602 · Cited by 2
Al-Rantisi, A. M., & Faraj, O. U. (2022) · The Journal of Adult Protection · doi:10.1108/jap-07-2022-0014 · Cited by 2
Ravi, K. E., Cronley, C. C., Lawler, A., & Held, M. L. (2023) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-023-00499-6 · Cited by 2
Domestic violence and mental health during COVID ‐19
Keynejad, R. C. (2023) · Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/pnp.783 · Cited by 3
Pribitkin, T. (2023) · Frontiers research topics · doi:10.3389/978-2-8325-3354-3 · Cited by 3
Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma ve Eğitim Yolculuğu: Öğretmenlerle Birlikte Geleceği Şekillendirme
YÜZBAŞIOĞLU, M. K. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub303.c1380 · Cited by 2
Eğitimde Dijital Dönüşüm: Makine Öğrenmesi
Mermer, Ş. E. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub303.c1379 · Cited by 2
Hohl, K. (2023) · Criminology & Criminal Justice · doi:10.1177/17488958231212407 · Cited by 2
Choi, J. Y., Delger, N., & Randall, H. (2023) · Leadership and Policy in Schools · doi:10.1080/15700763.2023.2284338 · Cited by 4
Identifying Pregnant Patients With Suspected Intimate Partner Violence
McGing, M., Ashbrook, M. J., Cheng, V. C., Matsuo, K., Schellenberg, M. A., Martin, M. J., Inaba, K., & Matsushima, K. (2024) · The American Surgeon · doi:10.1177/00031348241248799 · Cited by 2
Lawson, M., Weston, R., Simon, M., & Baker, M. D. (2024) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2024.107622 · Cited by 2
Schellhammer, S. K., Starnes, J. R., Mudhune, S. A., Goore, L., Marlar, L., Oyugi, S. O., Wamae, J., Shumba, C. S., Rogers, A., Mbeya, J., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Global Women s Health · doi:10.3389/fgwh.2024.1345153 · Cited by 3
News Media and Violence against Women: Understanding Framings of Stigma
Mittal, S., Foriest, J. C., Horne, B. D., & Choudhury, M. D. (2024) · Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media · doi:10.1609/icwsm.v18i1.31373 · Cited by 5
Johnson, L. (2024) · Violence and Victims · doi:10.1891/vv-2024-0070 · Cited by 2
Comparing in Person to Telehealth Delivery of a Family Violence Intervention
Stover, C. S., Holland, M. L., Martin, E., Modanesi, E., Fish, M. C., & Beebe, R. (2024) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.3034 · Cited by 2
Gross, L. A., Thulin, J., Denvall, V., Kjellgren, C., & Skillmark, M. (2024) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012241270267 · Cited by 2
Paramasivan, K., Jaiswal, S., Subburaj, R., & Sudarsanam, N. (2024) · Crime Science · doi:10.1186/s40163-024-00222-w · Cited by 2
Treves-Kagan, S., Le, V. D., Berra, L., Ray, C. M., Ruvalcaba, Y., Wood, L., D’Angelo, D. V., Vera, T. M., & Estefan, L. F. (2024) · Public Health Reports · doi:10.1177/00333549241279101 · Cited by 2
Effects of Pandemic Response Measures on Crime Counts in English and Welsh Local Authorities
Sefidi, N. P., Nejad, A. S., & Mooney, P. (2024) · Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1007/s12061-024-09614-6 · Cited by 2
Shariati, A., & Irvin-Erickson, Y. (2024) · American Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1007/s12103-024-09789-1 · Cited by 2
Physical violence and its associations: Insights from nationally representative data in India
Monisha Mary, P., Jacob, A. M., & Shetty, A. K. (2025) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057241310633 · Cited by 3
Traumatic Brain Injury in Intimate Partner Violence
Callaway, C. C. M., & Ch’ang, J. H. (2025) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-024-01324-5 · Cited by 2
Kafafian, M., de Vries, I., Farrell, A. S., Asiedu, C., & Bouchard, E. (2025) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/10775595251327745 · Cited by 2
Yakubovich, A. R., Steele, B., Cullum, J., Johnson, C. P., Parker, L. N., Wilson, S. J., Green, R. S., Fashan, S., Burgess, S., & Rose, A. E. (2025) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103058 · Cited by 2
GÖNÜLTAŞ, B. M., Öztürk, M., Başcıllar, M., AYDEMİR, İ., Temiz, S., Erkoç, B. H., Ervüz, C., & Türk, A. (2025) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/00332747.2025.2503005 · Cited by 2
Jurek, P., Bosson, J. K., Olech, M., Young, R. T., & Kosakowska‐Berezecka, N. (2025) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000924 · Cited by 2
The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on domestic violence: review of international research
Казун, А. П. (2022) · Woman in Russian society · doi:10.21064/winrs.2022.1.6 · Cited by 2
Online Legal Help-Seeking for Victims of Intimate Partner Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Walker, C. S. (2022) · Dignity A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence · doi:10.23860/dignity.2022.07.02.06 · Cited by 2
Zoonosis of Public Health Interest
Bastidas, G. (2022) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.100934 · Cited by 2
Domestic Violence against Women and COVID-19 Quarantine: A Systematic Review Study
Alamolhoda, S. H., Zare, E., Doulabi, M. A., & Mirabi, P. (2023) · Current Women s Health Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573404820666230221141754 · Cited by 2
Investigation of the effect of COVID-19 on attitudes of university students towards family violence
Karakoç, S., & Doğan, R. A. (2023) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-023-01856-x · Cited by 2
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Impacts on Families
Charton, L., Labrecque, L., & Lévy, J. J. (2023) · Enfances Familles Générations · doi:10.7202/1096375ar · Cited by 2
Shah, A., Arstein‐Kerslake, O., Darling, M., Morgan, T., Torea, A. V., Laines, H., Joshi, B., Pena, K., & Young, J. G. (2023) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.1215 · Cited by 2
Kim, B., & Son, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1152693 · Cited by 2
Perfil de utilização de psicofármacos durante a pandemia de COVID-19 em Minas Gerais, Brasil
Barros, J. C., & Silva, S. N. (2023) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720230059.2 · Cited by 2
FitzPatrick, K. M., Brown, S., Hegarty, K. L., Mensah, F. K., & Gartland, D. (2024) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081382 · Cited by 3
Steele, B., Shastri, P., Moses, C. K., Tremblay, E., Arcenal, M., O'Campo, P. J., Masón, R., Mont, J. D., Hujbregts, M., Sim, A. L., et al. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.17269/s41997-024-00904-7 · Cited by 2
Translating Scientific Knowledge About Trauma into Action
DePrince, A. P. (2022) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299732.2022.2041225 · Cited by 2
Torrente, F. M., Ailán, D., Cerro, E. D., Negro, J. D., Gorodetzky, B., Slonimschik, D., Cetkovich, M., & López, P. L. (2023) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2023.02.18.23286126 · Cited by 2
Gathering, Evaluating, and Aggregating Social Scientific ModelsPreprint
Golden, M. A., Slough, T. L., Zhai, H., Scacco, A., Humphreys, M., Vivalt, E., Díaz-Cayeros, A., Dionne, K. Y., Sampada, K. C., Nazrullaeva, E., et al. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4570855 · Cited by 2
Lee, K., Lee, Y.-X., & Cheng, Y.-T. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.969087 · Cited by 1
“Besides, lockdowns due to the pandemic could increase the prevalence of conflict in families (Piquero et al., 2021).”
BackgroundCOVİD-19 SALGIN SÜRECİNİN SOSYO-KÜLTÜREL ETKİLERİ: SAKARYA ÖRNEĞİ
Dilek, N. A. M., & Demir, S. A. (2022) · The journal of academic social science studies/The journal of academic social science · doi:10.29228/jasss.64811 · Cited by 1
Policing with the Help of Data: The Use of CoroPol in the Pandemic’s Early Stages in The Netherlands
Bervoets, E., Broekhuizen, J., Ferwerda, H. B., & Landman, W. (2023) · Palgrave's critical policing studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-19177-0_2 · Cited by 1
Soler, C. L., Vicente-Escudero, J. L., Alcántara-López, M., Martínez, A. C., Fernández, V., & Sáez, M. C. (2023) · Mental Health & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.mhp.2023.200293 · Cited by 1
Violence in pandemic times: The dynamic relationship between COVID ‐19 and intimate partner violence
Hernández, W., Chaparro, A. C., Aguilar, J. C., Agüero, J. M., & Mendoza, J. (2023) · Review of Development Economics · doi:10.1111/rode.13059 · Cited by 1
Yükseköğretimdeki Öğretmen Adaylarının Harcama Kalemleri ve Tutarlarının İncelenmesi
YÜCEL, F. H. (2023) · Özgür Yayınları eBooks · doi:10.58830/ozgur.pub303.c1377 · Cited by 1
Trends in Domestic Violence and Firearm Domestic Violence During COVID-19 in Five US Cities
Tomsich, E. A., Schleimer, J. P., McCort, C. D., & Wintemute, G. J. (2023) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-023-00613-8 · Cited by 1
Mahlangu, P., Machisa, M., Jewkes, R. K., Gibbs, A., Shai, N., & Sikweyiya, Y. M. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17480-z · Cited by 1
Parole decisions about perpetrators of domestic violence in England and Wales
Dyke, C., Rivas, C. A., & Bird, K. S. (2024) · The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice · doi:10.1111/hojo.12551 · Cited by 1
“A Total Black Hole”: How COVID-19 Increased Bureaucratic Violence Against Refugees in Greece
Bejan, R., & Glynn, T. (2024) · Refuge Canada s Journal on Refuge · doi:10.25071/1920-7336.41079 · Cited by 1
Learning from the Past, Looking to Resilience: Housing in Serbia in the Post-Pandemic Era
Živković, M., Stanimirović, M., Stamenković, M., Kondić, S., & Petrović, V. (2024) · Buildings · doi:10.3390/buildings14051461 · Cited by 1
Blunt, A., Burrell, K., Endfield, G. H., Lawrence, M., Nightingale, E., Owens, A., Waldock, J., & Wilkins, A. (2024) · Manchester University Press eBooks · doi:10.7765/9781526178657.00010 · Cited by 1
Mukherjee, S., & Gordils, J. (2024) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941241263750 · Cited by 1
Cheng, S., & Gerassi, L. B. (2024) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1002/jad.12370 · Cited by 3
Theodore, D., Heck, C. J., Huang, S., Huang, Y., Autry, A., Sovic, B., Yang, C. Y., Anderson-Burnett, S. A., Ray, C. A., Austin, E. D., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Reproductive Health · doi:10.3389/frph.2024.1366262 · Cited by 1
Ravi, K. E., Leat, S. R., Rai, A., Obenauf, C., Masters-Henry, N., & Dunbar, D. (2024) · Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services · doi:10.1177/10443894241260072 · Cited by 1
Włodarczyk-Madejska, J., Ostaszewski, P., & Klimczak, J. (2023) · Biuletyn Kryminologiczny. · doi:10.37232/bk.2023o · Cited by 1
Goldman-Mellor, S. J., Gemmill, A., Olfson, M., & Margerison, C. E. (2024) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2024.0758 · Cited by 1
Ramos, B., Emond, M., Pudelko, A. H., Vaillancourt‐Morel, M., & Daspe, M. (2024) · Journal of Family Violence · doi:10.1007/s10896-024-00788-8 · Cited by 1
Stillson, C., & Lee, D. (2024) · International Journal of Rural Criminology · doi:10.18061/ijrc.v8i4.9782 · Cited by 1
Rossi, F. S., Nillni, Y. I., Miller, A. N., Fox, A. B., Eliacin, J., Schnurr, P. P., Duke, C. C., Gradus, J. L., & Galovski, T. E. (2025) · Injury Epidemiology · doi:10.1186/s40621-025-00561-5 · Cited by 1
Ebert, C. L., & Steinert, J. (2025) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106879 · Cited by 1
Asl, Z. K., Rahmanian, F., Rastegari, Z., & Ghaemi, S. Z. (2025) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/15579883251322956 · Cited by 1
Tompson, L., & Cockbain, E. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22312-3 · Cited by 1
Cash bail and pretrial compliance: Evidence from a court‐imposed policy shock
Copp, J. E. (2025) · Criminology & Public Policy · doi:10.1111/1745-9133.70002 · Cited by 1
Wang, X., Zhang, S. X., Bender, A. K., Koegler, E., Rich, E. G., & Price, R. K. (2025) · Global Transitions · doi:10.1016/j.glt.2025.07.004 · Cited by 1
Moore, B. E., & Kapadia, F. (2025) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2025.2540945 · Cited by 1
Discrimination in Ensuring the Nation’s Public Health
Zharovska, I. (2025) · Veritas Legal and Psychological-Pedagogical Research · doi:10.23939/veritas2025.01.010 · Cited by 1
COVID-19 Structural Transformation and Program Adaptation in Emergency Domestic Violence Shelters
Sims, K. M., Meyer, N. M., & Walsh, K. (2025) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/10778012251384628 · Cited by 1
Child maltreatment cases in Ontario and British Columbia during the pandemic: A comparative study
Cho, K. B. H., Rajabali, F., Karmali, S., McFaull, S. R., Campeau, A., Smith, B. T., Carsley, S., Pike, I., Macpherson, A., & Richmond, S. A. (2026) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2026.108115 · Cited by 1
Qiao, M., Haraguchi, M., Di, X. S., Nayak, A., & Lall, U. (2025) · International Journal of Digital Earth · doi:10.1080/17538947.2025.2584508 · Cited by 1
Saldaña-Díaz, C., Quezada, J. C. R., Sánchez, D. K. U., Saravia, V. L., & Guzmán, A. G. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22121828 · Cited by 1
Situational risk factors for intimate partner violence.
Krahé, B. (2025) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2025.102228 · Cited by 1
King, D. A., Hume, P. A., & Theadom, A. (2025) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2025.2606899 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Piquero, A. R., Jennings, W. G., Jemison, E., Kaukinen, C., & Knaul, F. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Miami (US)
- University of Mississippi (US)
- Community Resources for Justice (US)
- University of Central Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Piquero, Alex R.
- Venue
- Journal of Criminal Justice
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-05
- Volume
- 74
- Pages
- 101806
- ISSN
- 0047-2352 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9582712
- OpenAlex
- W3135751649
- Semantic Scholar
- c13ac6b29335ff2dcdd7b1c8c45f25fc3ea25bde
- Cited by
- 759
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 171 · 2023: 205 · 2022: 170 · 2021: 69
- FWCI
- 16.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Criminal Justice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Elder Abuse and Neglect
- Keywords
- domestic violence, COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown, stay-at-home orders, public health restrictions, violence against women, effect size
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-06, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-06 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
