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Cited by 237Academic integrity and plagiarismEducation during COVID-19 pandemicEducational Technology and Assessment

Online cheating amid COVID-19

Open access
Bilen, Eren, Matros, Alexander·2021·Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
DOI 10.1016/j.jebo.2020.12.004PMC PMC9754215
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Abstract

We present evidence of cheating that took place in online examinations during COVID-19 lockdowns and propose two solutions with and without a camera for the cheating problem based on the experience accumulated by online chess communities over the past two decades. The best implementable solution is a uniform online exam policy where a camera capturing each students computer screen and room is a requirement. We recommend avoiding grading on a curve and giving students less time but simpler questions on tests.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.jebo.2020.12.004

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  • Bilen and Matros (2021) argued that fears about widespread cheating often exceed documented cases.

    “Bilen and Matros (2021) also argued that fears about widespread cheating often exceed documented cases.”

    From A cross-sectional look at teacher reactions, worries, and professional development needs related to generative AI in an urban school district (2025) · cites this paper as Bilen and Matros (2021)

    The Introduction (page unavailable) argues that, without action, online exams will see widespread cheating and that the chance of obtaining definitive evidence is close to zero. The Related literature section (page unavailable) also cautions that self-reported cheating rates may miss cases. The authors do not argue that fears exceed documented cheating; they warn that documented cases may understate it. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Authors
Bilen, E., & Matros, A.
Affiliations
University of South Carolina (US)
Corresponding author
Matros, Alexander
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-02
Volume
182
Pages
196-211
ISSN
0167-2681 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.jebo.2020.12.004
PMC
PMC9754215
OpenAlex
W3091616849
Cited by
237
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 62 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 1
FWCI
52.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization (publishedVersion)
  • SSRN Electronic Journal (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich) (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
  • Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Educational Technology and Assessment
Keywords
online cheating, online examinations, COVID-19 lockdown, academic integrity

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