Consolidated Bioprocessing of Wastewater Cocktail in an Algal Biorefinery for Enhanced Biomass, Lipid and Lutein Production Coupled with Efficient CO2 Capture: An Advanced Optimization Approach
Abstract
We present a holistic approach in establishing a successful green integrated bio-refinery system with improved biomass, lipid and lutein productivity, while remediating wastewater and sequestering CO 2 with potential biodiesel and healthcare applications. To achieve this we evaluated the effect of four process parameters: CO 2% supply; acetate concentration; poultry litter waste (PLW) concentration; and light intensity on cultivation of Chlorella minutissma following the Taguchi's design of experimental technique. A four factors, three levels orthogonal array was adopted to cultivate Chlorella minutissma in specially developed waste water medium. Effect of the process parameters on biomass productivity, CO 2 fixation rate, lipid content, lutein productivity and bioremediation capacity were determined. Results obtained from individual parametric combinations and Signal/Noise (S/N) ratio responses indicated S3 (5% CO 2, 100 mg L-1 of acetate, 10 g L-1 of poultry litter, and 15, 000 lux of light intensity) combination as the optimum cultivation condition. Following the S3 combination a significant enhancement in biomass productivity (292 mg L-1 d-1) with exceedingly high CO 2 fixation rate and photosynthetic efficiency (51.51 g L-1 d-1 of CO 2; P.E: 15.81%) was achieved. A maximum of 169.29 mg L-1 d-1 of lipid with a balanced distribution of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids conformed to the international standard for biodiesel was achieved. Additionally, 7.21 mg L-1 d-1 of lutein productivity was also accomplished within 7 day of cultivation, while remediating up to 93-90% of nitrogenous and phosphate substrates. Statistically, the results reinforced our findings with the S/N responses and experimental observations for a particular property.
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For many species, the optimal lighting conditions are in the range of 5000 lux (90 μmol/m2-s) to 13,000 lux (230 μmol/m2-s) and temperatures between 17-20°C.
“For many species, the optimal lighting conditions are in the range of 5000 lux (90 µ mol/m 2 -s) to 13,000 lux (230 µ mol/m 2 -s) and temperatures between 17-20 ◦ C [143].”
From Multi-Sensing Monitoring of the Microalgae Biomass Cultivation Systems for Biofuels and Added Value Products Synthesis—Challenges and Opportunities (2025) · cites this paper as [143]
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- Authors
- De Bhowmick, G., Sen, R., & Sarmah, A. K.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IN)
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Sen, Ramkrishna
- Sarmah, Ajit K.
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-12
- Volume
- 252
- Pages
- 109696
- ISSN
- 0301-4797 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2980378652
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 0.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Management (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Waste Management and Disposal › Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
- Keywords
- consolidated bioprocessing, wastewater treatment, algal biorefinery, Chlorella minutissima, poultry litter, CO2 capture, lipid production, lutein production, biodiesel, acetate supplementation, light intensity, Taguchi method, photosynthetic efficiency, process optimization
- MeSH terms
- Carbon Dioxide, Chlorella, Lipids, Lutein, Biomass, Biofuels, Microalgae, Wastewater
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